IMAGE  EVALUATION 
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Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliograp:iique8 


The  institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


•D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommag^e 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur6e  et/ou  pellicul^e 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  gdographiques  en  couleur 

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Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bieue  ou  noire) 

Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relii  avec  d'autres  documents 


D 


D 


D 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liure  serrie  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distorsion  ie  long  de  ia  marge  int6rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
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have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouties 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  filmdes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppldmentairss: 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire     ' 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m^thode  nurmale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquis  ci-dessous. 


n 

n 

n 

n 
n 

n 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagdes 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaur6es  et/ou  pellicul6es 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d6color6es,  tachetdes  ou  piqu6es 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ddtachies 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Quality  indgale  de  I'impression 

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Comprend  du  matdriei  suppldmentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seuie  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
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Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
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obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film6  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqui  ci-dessous. 


10X 



14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

SOX 

y 

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12X 

16X 

20X 

24X 

28X 

22X 

Th«  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Douglas  Library 
Queen's  University 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
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filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  film^Mj  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  -^(meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


L'exsmplaire  filmA  fut  reproduit  grAce  A  la 
g«n«roslt«  de: 

Douglas  Library 
Queen's  University 

Les  images  ?uivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettet«  de  I'exemplaire  film6,  et  en 
conformit6  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprim6e  sont  filmAs  en  commen^ant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  ternrjinant  soit  par  la 
dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  film6s  en  commenpant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaftra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  -^^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE".  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FiN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
film6s  A  des  taux  de  r6duction  diff6rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichA,  il  est  filmA  d  partir 
de  Tangle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droits, 
et  de  haut  en  baa,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nAcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mAthode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

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s « 


■  '0f'. 


J 


ADDRESSED  TO  SEVERAL  PHILANTHROPIC  STATESMl^, 
AND  CLERaYMEN  ;] 

CIVILIZED  AND  CHRISTIAN  GOVERNMENT, 


IN  CONTRADISTINCTION  TO 


tyNCIVILlZED  AND  ANTLCHRISTIAN  INSTITUTIONS: 


TO  WHICH  IS  SUBJOINED 


AUr  APPSBTOXS^ 


900^6 


BY  JOHN  CASEY. 

4«NT  rOB  PROMOTING  THE  KSTABuTJmEKT  OF  P,A«  SOC«Tlip^> 


»#^^ 


;;My  kingdom  is  not  Of  this  world."~JEscs. 

All  the  kingdoms  of  this  world  shall  becomp  ♦!»»  ir:„  j 
•f  our  Lord  and  of  his  Christ. "-Rev  Kingdoms 


BUFFALO  :-PRINTED  BY  LAZELL  &  FRANCIS. 

1836. 


If 


•^ 


■ 


i  » 


[BTThis  Book,  (agreeably  to  the  Author's  pr©|i#sal8,/  is  "hot  t9 
be  sold,  hat  gratuitously  circulated  by  the  Publisher  and  his  gtn§jr- 
0U8  Subscribers^  as  a  free-will  offering  among  all  people. | 


\ 


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%t 


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J  "hot  t9 

8  gcn^f. 


ADVERTISEMENT. 

ASsomeof  the  popular  supporters  of  war,  have  endeavored  t« 
prejudice  the  minds  of  several  of  the  Subscribers  to  this  work,  and 
theioby  lead  them  to  a  violation  of  an  honest  covenant  agreement 
anrJtair  voluntary  contract  with  the  publisher,  by  slyly  insinuatinc 
(ainong  other  unworthy  jealousies,)  that  the  Author's  object  waa 
but  a  mere  money-making  speculation;  and  that  they  would  find 
him  to  be  a  character  not  so  disinterestedly  benevolent  as  to  take  so 
much  pains  in  writing,  and  spend  so  much  time  and  money  in  trav- 
ellmg,  procuring  subscribers,  and  publishing  his  works,  without  set- 
ting well  paid  for  his  labour,  fee— He  deems  it  an  imperative  duty 
injustice  to  himself— to  his  generous  subscribers,  and  to  the  Socie'- 
ty  Which  has  honored  him  with  a  Letter  of  commendation  and  Li- 
cense, as  their  Agent,  as  well  as  for  the  honor  of  God,  and   hit 
fteaven  commended  cause  of  peace-making,  and  the  information 
ol  the  public  at  large,  to  wipe  oflf  those  foul  slanders  from  his  char- 
acter,  by  solemnly  decUring,  that  the  invidious  charge  of  money- 
making  speculation,  (secretly  insinuated  against  him  by  certain  hire- 
ling priests  and  sanguinary  professors,  whose  names  he   need  not 
here  raentionj)  is  utterly  false  and  unfoand.-d.     And  furthermore,  to 
solemnly  declare,  his  witness  being  in  Heaven,  and  his  record  on 
high,  that  he  never  has  received  nor  ever  expects  to  receive  hera. 
alter  so  much  as  a  cent  ot  the  subscriptions  as  a  remuneration,  ei- 
ther for  his  time  or  abour,  in  writing,  preaching,  procuring  subscri- 
bers, or  publishing  the  work.    No-noryet  so  much  as  a  cint  of  the 
subscriptions  has  he  ever  received,  or  does  he  ever  calculate  to  re- 
ceive at  any  future  period,towards  defraying  the  expenses  of  board 
h6rse-keepmg,  fee,  unavoidably  incurred  while   writing,  soliciting 
jubscrib.rs,   and  publishing  this  work  ;  but,  on  the  co^ntranf    "^^ 
freely  bestowed  his  public  services,  both  in  this  work  and  in  other 
active  exertions  for  promoting  the  virtue  and  happiness  of  man- 
kind-m  proc laun.ng  the  glad  tidings  of  peace  and    salvaUon 
and  in  circulating  Peace  Tracts  in  Canada  and  the  United  States' 
during  the  greater  part  of  the  last  three  years,  without  any  rem': 
neration  or  temporal  reward,  either  by  contribution,  subscription  or 
salary,  Irom  any  congregation  or  society  of  men  on  earth.      Lai  da^ 
bly  supporting Inmself  after  the  worthy  example  of  St.  Paul   and 
the  self-denying  example  of  the  seven  pacific  Churches  of  EuVone 
and  America,  by  the  assiduous  labour  of  his  own  hands  in  his  art 
and  occupation.     And  so  careful  has  he  been  during  the  above  ne- 
rod  to  avoid  every  thing  which  might  have  the  appearance  of  s?^ 
^'IZr^^^'Jl^^ormjyspecuMionin  gospel  matters,  that  he  has 
often  denied  himself  in  things  Zato/ui,  lest  they  might  pr^iftL».! 
dient,  m  promoting  the  glorious,  but  much    controverte^are^of 
permanent  and  universal  peace,  yet  in  its  infancy ;  and  "t^Sff-* 
as  the  Apostle  Paul  expresses  it,  ''all  occasion  trom  those  oppolL 

^X^&tl^!;l'•l"„.^^^^^^^^^^^  So  much  so,thatwefeTe'to 

^v,^l„e"u7  "•'■•  "^5""«"uuuh  asne  lornierly  enjoyed,  he  wonlH 
^nnfl""?  continue  to  labor  successively  with  his  hands  ^hree 
months  of  the  year,  to  enable  him  to  devote  the  remain  n^ninl?« 
wmingandtravelling  for  the  public  good  '  But  asTod  y  SiHt? 
tod  decline  of  health  have  rendered  him  inadequate  to  the  tisk  S 


if. 


ADVERTISEMENT. 


conslaDt  and  successive  labor  in  the  various  branches  of  1,  js  pressof-' 

Wi  h  h.s  other  contemplated  works  of.  the  restricted  grounds  oi  t  is 
-no  book  of  which  can  ever  be  sold  with  his  consent  ev"nt,  make 
up  tue  defic.encies  of  delinquent  subscribers,  agreeably^o  lis  own 
proposals  and  promise  to  the  subscribers-which  promise  he  is7e 

/an'evertt?'-':!  ^*^''"P"'«"«  exactne^s^  Tat  no  man 

estv  ;n  hT       .  '^''"'^'>'  to  ♦^'^^"se  him,  with  want  of  Candor  orhon- 
e^iy  n  hsprotcsHons,  or  violation  of  truth  in  his  eneaeeme.. N  1 
But  should  any  of  the  subscribers,  through  the  s  y  7mSfnll'7f 
designing  men,  be  disposed  to  question  the  Author's  ^rSe la 
tive  o  h.s  promising  that  no  books  of  the  first  «X4  of  this' wo ^^^^ 

proposas,)  he  gratuitovsly  circulated  amo?itr  all  veovU"—ih(^v 
?o  "ndTn^thMhr'' ''""  PiiniHrs  of  the  work,  whL  nai^Itfare  to  bj 
finrlfum*  K  ^'1^"^^°*  ^^?^  '^°o''5  «"d'  it- upon  enquiry,  they 
IraceU^^^^^^^  '"^"''^t  tKe  odiuS.  ?,.d  dS 

gracejustlv  attached  to  all  deceivers,  fall  upon  him       But  if  nnnn 

S^ndlSZ'.'-''"''VT"''^'^^*  "-^^^'^^  j"«t'-  trom^eitr^ 
unpnncipled  defamers  ol  innocent  men,  tall  Mbere  it  is    justly 

wiT/nprSf"^®"  ""f^  ^P^'^*  *'  ^°°"  ^«  health  and  opportunity 
Will  permit,  a 8«r.on.]  vol-n-oj  r.H.„  „,;,,,  «„  Xn,^^L  oi  n.i 

most  important  and  interesting  documents.      Also,'a  third  wo7k  of 

\hl\^i  l^  Prjnc.pleg  of  permanent  ^nd  universal  peacei-Xrein 
the  mostpopular  arguments  of  war-makers  and  thei?  advocates  wiU 
ll'  *«""'^ /«'thfully  stated.and  fully  answered  and  refuted- o 
un'len.  '^'"  ^T^Jf'r^^  *"  Appendix,  containing  a  skeJch  of  t*e 
umtorm  and  decided  Testimony  ot  the  true  ChSrch  of  Christ  « 
gainst  all  retaliation  of  injuries  and  carnal  warfaSom  the  memo" 
rable  day  of  Pentecost  to  the  present  period.  '  ""''" 

1  he  above  works,  the  Publisher  will  endeavor  to  forward  to  th^ 
subscribers,  through  the  medium  of  their  respective  Agents  as  soon 
ait-er  publication  as  found  practicable.  ^       ' 

The  Subscribers'  and  the  Public's  most  faithful  and  ^devoted  Ser- 
"^'  JOHJN  CASEY. 


I 


re  I  a- 


PREFACE. 


Candid  Reader, 

,v  tn  r?l  °'Ti"  f  1''*  following  work,  is  to  render  glo- 
ry  to  God  .1.   lie  highest,  and  promote  peace,  permanent 
andnmversal  p.ace  on  earth,  and  nneigned  love  and 
good  will  among  all  classes  of  men.      'IMiis  (under  the 
benignant  smiles  of  the  God  of  Peace,  and  the  Wenl^ 
benedictions  pronounced  b,  the  gloriois  Prince    f  Pea  ^ 
upon  allpea«-ma/««,  upon  whom  hobestonred  his  richest 
legacy  of  peace,  and  to  whom  he  has  given  the  mos  h„^ 
orable  an.l  endearing  appellation  of  "  huldnn  TSod") 
ln«^     f"""  ''.""'''^   ""'"•M"''  <"  conjunction  iith   hii 
Euolfe  «:","?""  .«''»''.i"«"-'.  "•«  Peace  Socrres  of 
i-urope  and   America,  and   all   the   individual  peace- 

netleLe  oTr^  "'  *'"  ^'""'f'  "'"  '"'^'^  -'a./tsTf  be- 
i^evoIencB,  of  every  name  and  nation  under  heaven— bv 

•'spreading  the  saving  knowledge  of  the  Lord  over  the 
th-e  and  !f  «"».«  ''"-I'.'""'''""!"?  aload  to  all  the  vlnd^! 
tive  and  avaricious   kingdoms  of  men,  the  reiiovatinff 

S".he''l  ^"'^"^'^^-^''y  of  P".o  a,;d  undefild  ci! 
gion— the  holy  and   peaceful   religion  of    the  ndorabV 

iTZh'^x'^ r'"^'"'"'  C''™«™rt^  as   taught    r-u 

t'rbe"ufv"a:::i''r'""  """"•"'  -^r^''^'' '« -'^ «-"  «-• 

tive  beauty  and  lovely  attracting  form— as  a  pure  and 
godhke  system  of  heavenly  benevolence,  peace  and 
good  w,  l_a„d  its  infallible  and  Omnipo.;„rF„u„der 
as  the  glorious  and  all-redeeming  Prince  of  Peace-the 
Supreme  Kuler  over  all  wo,lds-il,e  Judge  of  all  men-! 
the  vicarious  and  propitiatory  sacrifice  for  the  sins  of  the 

DeL'.'LrL'!;'*''!  ^T'"^  ^f"?'"^  painfully  sensible  from 
Sf  the  d.ff  t^',"!""  "''^"™'io».  ">"  the  majority 
ot  the    different  religious  communities  in   Eurone  and 

tZ'tZ  P>\  ™?"'"  P^^'f  "y  acuainted  wi?h  to 
olyecls  of  Peace  Societies,  and  the  rational  and  scriptur- 

htion  o^r'"''^^''  *■"■■  "'"''  »»«"""««,  (viz.  .1 :  cf  c„ 
f«I  GospeU)  ha;e-aV;«  "obra.'^'IJ'Zt 'irtf,:'  k'l'^rdt 

oommTnded '"""'"'7'  "'  «i""^  '--en-born  and  hliven- 
oommended  ]»;„c,^ks    of  permanent  and    universal 

i* 


G 


PREFACE. 


Some  will  probably -inquire  why  il,e  Author  hn«  „t 
empted  ,o  discuss  in  the  firs,  of  his  proposed  oblica 
m'i^r-vflir;"  'rj]:  so  weighty,  IJ  s,.  defi  "j 

lal  ti™  "  ru„;:  ee  emlTtl^rT"'"^"''  """  "'  ""' 
PvPii  n  T..o«.^  ""preceaenleu  timt  he  cannot  produce 

If    U^  I         ^'""?  '^^  f*^"  ^^  ''^"^^  celebrated  author  out 
of   he  Jon^  catalogue  of  distinguished  writers  whosi 
learning,  talents,  and  information   had  rendered  Ihp-     ^ 
adequate  to  the  magnitude  of  the  sublet       Toluchh^ 

are  perishing  for  lack  of  knowledae— thnVhyi, 

sfi^n  1  wniL  ;.p  ♦u    I  •    1    '^""witfoae — tftat  hc  has  never 

such  a  publicati'ou  a"  the '"pr  s  „t "to  Sir  iM  "7  "' 
worTd  iw';r„  wt,'j^ri'!"'Uovern,^e„ts   of  .hi. 


111.         .  "•"i,v.v/ino    aim    ji-ovei 

world  lying  in  wickedness,  as  wpII  ««  .. 


Uover„,„e„t,  and  Laws  of  the  Prin^e'V  p;;V;-t"|; 
s  highly  proper, ha.  all  men  should  have  an  opportunity 


PREFACE.  y 

to  first  examine  ihcm  imnnrt:-!!.,    •         > 

their  mor.il  excellence  ,„jr^'  '"  ""^^''  *"  3"'>S'>  of 

The  Wr  ter  7hn,?.?l!  "'""  '"  ''"'''''•-  "-"Kartl. 

titles  luZlr'yfZfLTT'':'^  """"  "^  '»'«  l"".orary 
worthy  coeSrsT,? Iff!,     r''  «"'"« ''<"»t'«ls  "f  his 

de^ervedl/Cred  'ffchril,''.*'"'';;'','''"  L''*  ''""'"'■  «"> 
hiivfully  receive  such  hi       .-    ""   (''"'""""•"pists  mar 

■n-l'ortan,  aid  ,o  the  h"  rious  a^rf  hi'""  ''''"■''""S  »«"='• 
cause  of  peace-makin,?  li  ■  u  ^  .'■««ven-con»n«n.led 
members  of  Pe»p!s^'  '""''  ''*  '"J"'**'  '«  «"<"  many 
emine^u/p™?^";'''''''' ""'!  I"«^ifi« De„ominatio,"s' 
ent  part,  of  Ue*^H  1  ^T"""''  "P^^'ions  in  difter: 
partiallyreU  di^"  J^Zr'/''i:'*"""'"''S  "»«  the  im- 

order  o?  his  alltile  nf  i^  „"/  ,SV''"  'r'*"  '"  "" 
milted  unto  them  /?eeanH /l^  ,„i  .  ■  *^  """'•"ice.  om- 
to  him  one  lalen.to  h^  *'!'"'  '"'""  «'««  ^''trusted 

honor  andglov  of  The  hr^fi"'""'.'"''  '•"P^°»«''  '«  'he 
ness,  and  the  hip  nisi  .^fhfn'  ^"'"'  ''''"'^"  '>appi-  ' 
Lord  and  PrZfetoTo?  „1  ,  '"."''•."''''j  »"'"  '•■*  s""' 
shall  eome  to  „?ui^^e  and  I''"'  ^*'  ""J,  '"""^■"'^  ?'"» 
•lone  with  thy  Lord^»  1  %  u*"  ^'^''at  hast  thou 
And  that  He  »-ho  d«.N     '^-   ."'^  l'Of'i'»  talents  ?"_ 

"The  gold  a^dt  si  :  r'nirne'sa-rh"""."'.  "'  "•""• 
cattle  upon    ten   tlm.mnd  hu  »    '      i'"*,  ""^  ^ord-.he 

Wd>s,andthef,. llnTs  th--  f"  ^  '';  *""''  "  "" 
and  demand  from  cverv  m„n         ~""^  "''"  "'"  '"quire 

than  and  not  accordilr  .hTrT'',"'/" '''"  ''•'*'"*. 
tl'e  poor  widow",  humhle  Iff  "  '"f  ""'-e^'eemed 
all  the  splendid  Xinlflhi.f.';:"^.';*  '"•"  ""''*-  '""'■e 

abundaa'ce,  cZllZltJ'^tZ:':^  .TV'"'  1 """' 
cause  her  heart  H^vi^.j  1 1       ,"?'^'y  "'  ">»  Temple,  be- 

(though  little  „,or.   1       ^  ^'''''  """»'■  »'"'  «''c  purposed 

bcstora,i£a7;iV:.:rPL":rd^T'" ""  ""V')  '' 

sion  to  which  circumstanpr .        .   ^'/f^^'r-      I"  allu- 

recorded  by  hL  holv  P„      '  ?'  "'""'*''  ''^  «""•  I-ord  and 

the  following  re 'ark«  J     f'"''  "  "^'^hfatod  Poet  ha, 

itig  remarkably  strik.ns  and  beautiful  lines  :-- 

If  nothinx,  n.^.  ,^~         ^h  purpose! 
Thti  tmrnnZT  V»rpoie  be  in  thy  power, 

noes  mil!  acts  nobly  !  Angels  could  do  »»  more  /•' 


'  PREFACE. 

As  ovcry  man  profcssiiiBCIirislinnity  ought  to  do   I.e 
."g  d«c.n..e»„f  .1,0  PHnce  of  pince.   "4,/  ),uZ^^ 

Clo    L^[,  '^»'"' ,"'"■"'• ."'«  "-"'y  Peni.ent  nre  justified 
iPoin  all  (luillj  condemnation  and  wrn.li,  so  he  holieK's 

My  the  behever  8  profession   .uul  prove  it   .  cm  i"i'-l 

also  to  cast  lus   lew  mues  of  aid  into  the  Ticasurv  o( 
e  Lord  according  to  the  ability  which  God  h«r;fveL 
liim— in  "pnachng  peace  I,,,  Jems  C/mst,"—i»  cLoil. 
■logpeace  publicatUm,  (of  which  this   is    the  f  rsl  )-  „ 

n  potent  Head,  Shepherd,  and   Uishop  of  the  neaceful 
flock,  sees  fit  to  appoint  him.  peacciul 

n.?]""''l  i'  '""•  "    •'""'"    re"'"!"!!!?  in    the   Author's 

hn  ch    nJ       *'"■'"""   "'"'  /«"<»"'«d   chan,pio„s  ft," 
«.hurcli    Reformation     in    the     Popish,      the    Greek 

on  the  nll.importan.  subject  of  Man's  individual  res! 

diente  to  JHs  .Sovereign  Authority  and  Laws    has  been 
he  principal  canse  wl,y  so  many  millions  ^fihera 

r  „":.ol.,"r''"rr''"''"''''"-'"^  "^  ^--j'  *»  the  :oun: 

trts   pintessing   Christianity,    are  made  dupes  to  the 

minded  men,  and  victims  to  their  accursed  pr  de-wlw 
so  rinany  millions  of  the  professed  members  TchrU?^ 
mystica  body  and  subjects  of  bis  peaceful  Kingdoii  are 
amely  led  on  from  year  to  year,  and  from  age  to  a^e 
to  yield  a  bhud  and  servile  compliance  to  l"rhfrous  and 
inhuman  laws,  which  they  must  know  to  be  opposed  to 
Oie  laws  and  authority  of  their  Supreme  LawWr  and 

fe;  e:ntin2.'n "' ••  ^'"'"  '■"e-rving  and 'dldl^g 
rriests  conlinua lly  ringing  in  their  ears  the  hlasuhpmou^ 

ence  to  all  the  laws  of  the  land  and  authority  of  their 
ruling  powers.  Falsely  and  impiously  asser.i?,  "„  IZ 
jiution  or  proiessed  Christendom,  {m  mHter'how'oftm 

tl  7  ",?  *'  '¥''^"'  '^  ^o'"  contradictory  they  ml 
U  to  e^ch  other  and  t.  the  laws  of  God,)  that  "  alUhe 


it.- 


f* 


laws  of  the  land 


are 


PREFACE 

fuumted 


»'"'ly  «  Ml  intrZ.I    „"J;'""^>    ^"%.    "n,l  „,«„v   ,„(„:; 
•"'"i'te"  ZlmZZTJ:   ""];*•''  ""  '•'••"•"'•'""'Jed 

A  ".I  will  „„(  ,ll7r.,e,,    ,1   '.>''?"'  "•«'-•  W«'«'-C«,v// 
dicot  was  Governor  nf  iVI„        .       ^"""'""'61,  wht-ii  E.i- 

hH.„.,o..  ,.«.pifo;Gr';:,';'Q„tr  .'.?*';'"';'  *""' 

dungeons,  public   wh,p„i„,r    Unrif,'   ,,     '        '"""'s-me. 
ears,  «Kd  actual  death  Zln  tLlli  i""""*'*  ""<>     ' 

cnmc  than  that  of  prod"  mh, '  w;.!"  T''  ^"'  ""  ""'" 

tho,.  .la,,  tiding,  o'f';tn:^  a  :.i:,r';;;fe,:'\''''7' 

from  Heaven,  and  Shenliprds  on  ..«.t  T  .'^"S*-'^' 

b.rt,.  of  the  Pr.„ce  of  'p::^  ""  ^;:^'2^^lf  «'  ^..e 

it  then,  all  the  san-uinarv  m\nUt^.:         i 
professors  of  th,,  l-res^n;  da?,"       p/J'^ltr'^r"; 

ciice  lo  all  the  present  eY*iriM<i-  !...«„     r*    i  ""*'ai- 

.K-n,  of  Chri  Jndo;';:^;^':^^;    i;'^,;:';;-i;S  na. 

moment,  and  after  dt"n«  hi  'S"7''=f, '''  P""-  » 
siom  and  national  preTudil*  in"";  ^/^i'.P'"'^  I— 
customs  «nd  popular  o pinionV,  to  a  fc  himseTf  fh"'"r7 
lowing  plain  and  important  question  •  i^^i  ...  *"'■ 
.anguioary  priests  Sf  the  frer„"i„Tfd Ve'e^u.^n'l 


10 


PREFACE. 


Churche.  maintain  in  their  turn,  as  ruling  power  fell 
mo  the.r  hand.,  the  anti-chri.tian  and  de"t™7ve  dot 
tr.ne  of  .mplie.l,  unconditional  obedience  to  all  he  thpn 
eAmmg  laws  of  the  land,  a8  strenuoul  a/anv  oV^h^ 
.angainary  priests  of  the  present  day  do  the  same  im 
p.o«3  and  soul-destroying'  doctrine^of  blind,  impic"" 
and  unlimited  obedience  to  the  present  san.uLrTCs 
and  usages  of  war?     Can  the  mind  of  iSa  "  posstblv 

.ors  of  the  n"  ,ir'2'     '  sanguinary  priests  and  profes- 

deaUi'      to'""  '"  'Y  "»*'  T"  "'^"■"''  «" ""ngJrr„; 
own     -7fe  r.  /  '""r"*;  ""'''"  ""-^  butcher^hei? 

creed  and  .1       ""  ."'/^""•e".  of  the  same  church. 

thu-u      A         t'  ne— 'viiich  command  Christ's  peace- 

£-Karti;-^^^^ 

former  ages  as  an\irh;1srra^dturrrf„r7hi'cT|.a' 
pists,    Protestants,   Presbyterians,    Purkans     *.      n 
zealously  contended  for  i„  their  turn    a,  ?L      •      °'i 

high  professing  Christ'ntTn'll.iff .r"adTa"nLd  "a^ ^'f 
gospel  light,  should  be  found  justifyi,,.Mhe  "  plnT 

hn  T'f"  ''"""^*''  "  «''»"^a'"l  times  more  liveS: 
thousand  times  more  nron(.rtv_.inH  »  .i.  ';™s_a 

more   ncace  nn^  l.„„J™i:'"?.    *"*'..''  ''oueand  times 

.ectariin  persec«ion7of"p;„is;ra„d"p"",  '«"«'""*  " 
^ies,  from  the  reign  of  {^Z:!!^  ^'ClS 


PREFACE.  J. 

head  of  AntiChrist't  church    fn  .t.. 
and  will  ""questionably  ,,e7„„de'^Lrr'''.Pr'''''-- 
Posterity,  „i,h  greater  se^errythaTthl^  ""''«'"*'•«'' 
cutions  of  former  aees  are  rLl       !  ••fl'g'ons  perse- 
Toice  of  all  men  ofX  presen  "       '""'  '''  '""•  •"■'"< 

"^^«<>«''i'?g«ghihas  clearly  shou,n, 

jthTT  *'"^'i"«««'rf  n.  right 
To  burn  Dtssenters  from  their  creeds- 
Such  duds  mre  odious  in  God's  ,igZ~ 

^f^ncing  light  has  yet  to  shou, 
J  hat  warring  kings  of  modern  times 
Possess  m.  right  to  eU  disputes         ' 
ay  savage  wars  and  murderous  crimes  /» 

.uito'^irtrtsptti^aTdhrs'  ''"^  ^~. 

way  be  considered  (?fhN.o?ie.lr^^?''?''*"^  «°»""-"' 
■^ed  government,  in*  a  h  gheTse.  Hh^  ^  "■"*)  "  ""'- 
government  now  on  earth     R..fti         "®"  ""^  national 
•Jlvania  by  Wm.  p"  nk,  and  ir^er'?';"'"*""''"^*'"- 
the  only  government  on  record  Zt**^"'  "«="«»"".  « 
P^.e.y  be  called  "  a  «Slrf  ?^^??:  "■"''  «"ct  pro- 
They  were  practical  believers  in  .V?""'?"  OowrBwen*." 
t»ral  doctrine,  asserted  by  jid^e  Ltlf?""'. "'"'  »«"?■ 
mentary  on  the  British  laws  of  ^0^^  '.'""*  "• ''"  «»»- 
ei-y  "««' of  the  land  which  ^L^.P""^*""'- «bat  •<  ev- 
■' nugatory,  and  of  „:  w".?"'";!?'  ? '""^  »f  God. 
which  was  ever  tauW.t  or  be?U>v.r        "'f'^  "°  doctrine 

plain  or  infallibly  certa„  than  ^s    wJ-f'^'  """  ''«  »«™ 
human  authority  have  power  «.ffi5    .''"."'»"'''"'« and 

•ciencesofmenf  thenbSmanl»»?  '""  ?"  ^'"''  ">«  ""n- 
<"  even  greater  obligates  than  thfn'' '" '''^'"  "'«""'*> 
quence  is  most  clearffor  "he  Diri'?"""''     P"  «*''»«- ' 
than  bind  the  conscience    the  „T      '5""" ''"""' ™ore  ' 
capable  of  coming  undeVatre-?''*'^'^  "'»  "»«  ^i"? 
I-aw  can  have  any  more  for/.      "  obligation.    But  no 
n  receives  from  tLT^JjZ"' f^Tl"^  •'•"an  what 
iurce  01  It  follows  the  oroDorrion  Sl'u  ".""'*  '"*  obliging 
er  and  prerogative-traTrm  "t^l  ''Lil'S''''""'''' P0«? 


er  and  prerogaiiV^-raTm  ",ha,"  .«^ 

sanction  of  mo«  k„.  .l_  «mrra  that  am  enactment  or 

ff  lir 


V, 


sanction  of  man  has  the  smn^K    ,?'  il  enactment  or 
-Wit.  Which  .he  S^trZ:tTolZ-Xl^^^^ 


12 


PREFACE 


gislator  and  Law-grivf  r  of  the  Gospel  Dispensation  have-^ 
amounts  to  a  bWpbemoiis  pqiiallin|f  of  liun  who  ihh  fal- 
lible creature  of  a  day,  and  a  worm  of  the  dust,  to  him 
who  is  **  Gt)d  over  all,  blessed  forevermore." 

The  darkness,  the  sophistry,  and  the  delusion  by 
which  men  have  been  made  to  believe  that  they  could 
be  followers  of  the  Lamb,  winle  making  war  and  sav- 
atrely  destroying  one  another,  we  rejoice  to  say,  to  the 
glory  of  God,  is  gradually  passing  away,  and  the  blcHS- 
ed  time  of  universal  rii^hteousness  and  peace,  we  hope 
is  near,  when  Christians  of  vvery  name  and  of  every 
nation,  will  be  of  one  heart  and  of  one  soul,  in  ascribing 
praise  to  the  God  of  Peace,  that  they  lived  to  see  the 
day  in  which  Peace  Societies  were  formed  in  the  land. 

THE  AUTHOR. 
Beverly^  U*  Canada^  January,  18S6. 


L> 


I 


i 


^  John  Wilson,  Esg.lTJlT^f'ItT''^'' }'^^- 

You  doubtless  beliere  with  mp    .h»»  .1, 
character  of  our  HeavenI,  p!^! '  ■"'*  "^"'^   and 

and  communication  r/!^7j       ''**■•"';* '•""'■  goodness, 
in  the  Holv  «„.  •  ,  ^°''?'  "'  ^corded  and  attested 

acteristies  of  hi,  "  wel  beCj'",'  '"»  """"  '°'*'j'  «''"• 

dom,  «  not  of  this  woild  "  h.l    ^  ^^''^'  ■""'  ••»  •"'■(?- 
divine :  and  all  h?,  n^Il      7      »P'"'"»'-   heavenly  and 

into  1.;  SeoS  'a'^d'irtetf"'^";''''*'"^ 
wise  "not  of  this  woriro  '  ."""f"™    ■ '^  P"""*'   '"'«- 
'vorld.  but  because  thev  are  m  J  ^e  .1   '^   "  ."°'   <'''   ">!» 
chosen  them  out  nf  fi.!         ,?^  '.'"*  "'"•''''  he  having 
haieth  them"'    A|.„  Jt,  ,"""•"?■  .:"'"<'«"e  the   world 

i.  infinitely  superior  'toll  tt  f  !"?•"  '''"8<'<"".  ''hich 
ed,distracted,8nd  warrini  worW  =  T'""!  "'^ '*'"  ""n^"''- 
posed  to  their  avaricio ./ ,^»     •'  ''*"'8 diametrically  op- 

ipirit.  will  by  the  „~;rd"£'r'''  7f  •"''""'"^""n 
of  peace  anS  righZu/nl.'^ll^ ^  ^"^  .''?•"  ""^  truth, 
»y  consume  all  their  militarv  oow.r  .    P'*"*'  ""''  ""«'•- 

and  as  the  chaffof  the  tm,i  P.  .hreXn^'r^  ""t  ^r^' 
wind  sweep  them  aw«v,"_";„V^  *,,  '^^■'',''."''' 'hall  the 
this  world,  „ow  '  Ivin/  n  ,ri„T^         J''*  '''ngdoms    of 

Kingdom 'of  our  Cd  and  of  ht'cH  •''''•'  '"'"-•"'"«  "'« 
reign  forever  and  ever  "'.aLL?':''''  ""'""e  .hall 
ion,  and  the  greatness  of  il..  b-  "'^'""Sdom  anddomin- 

heavens,  shafi  be  "Jlfo  J  fcThf" '''"'  '^'"'"' 
Most  High,  whose  kin»Hnm:'  .  "*  '*""s  of  the 
and  all  dom  noins  sWUeZ  -  T  r"J"»""S  •""'■"Jo"', 
35.  7,  87.  Rev  H,  j^  *"*  """^  "''«'  him."_Da„iel  s) 
These  iovfnl   o«^  ~i-_-  . 

witha,un^bVamV;oVHeTvrn'a"„'^'l""»';  '*"«'"'  «? 
who  are  acquainted  "erXw^'i.  ,h  f'^O'^'edged  by  all 

-iptu,..  are  -"S^d  rbnirbut^^'i-^S 


14 


LETTERS,  &c. 


ally  .mnded  and  pncfi,-  subjects  of  the  redeenyw.Vrince 
of  I  eace,  «  bo  are  .■x,,erim,.,„ally  ucqimintcd  "„h  lit. 
gen.„8,  „,m,ie,  spirit  aud  power;  and  being  "peace- 
mukers,  .be  meek  and  lowly  servants  of  benevojence  " 

oiv.y  Jesu.,  the  parent  and  pattern  of  all  pure  benevo 
lence,  peace  and  good  will,  and    whose  "^^ever-fS 
promise  ,s  pledged  to  exalt  all  hi,  cross-bear.n  J  ,e»? 

rup"t^wf  und/firr''''!.''l""7i''  *" '»"  ""-"tanTefinco  - 
ruptib  e,  undefiled,and  that  fadeth  not  aw  iv'— even  to  'an 

exceeding  and  eternal  weight  of  glory  in    ►„  peacefiU 
presence,' where  there  is  joy,  and   to  his  righ?  hand 
whore  there  are  pleasures  for  evermore."       ^  ' 

t«i„  „?'  "  »:)'«'«"'  of  religion  proceeding  from  this  foun- 
tain  of  purcunabating  and  disinterested  love,  through 
the  «l|.aton,ngLambof  God,  the  Prince  of  Peace,  who 

.tf  y.t'lT  ^"  ''/r  "  P"'P"'«""y  »«crifice  for  th^ 

TL^l  *"''"  ""/'•'■  "'"''  '"'  «  "'igion  of  pure  be- 

nevolenee,  peace  and  good  will,  not  only  its   professors 

r.o«8  Prmce  of  Peace,"  in  taking  our  nature  upon  him- 
bearing  our  infirmities— carrying  our  sorrows— endurinff 
our  afflictions,  temptations  and  woes-suffering  our  re- 
proaches, buffetings  and  revilings-bearing  our   sins  in 
His  own  body  on  the    tree-laying   down  his    Jife  and 
taking  It  up  again— conquering  death  and  hell— triumph- 
antly ascending  on  high,  leading  captivity  captive,  and 
receiving  gifts  for  men,  even  for  the  rebellious-seBdi% 
torth  his  spirit  of  eternal  truth  and  illumination,  to  con- 
yince  the  world  both  of  sin,  of    righteousness,  and  of 
judgment— imparting  his  grace,  which  bringeth  salvation 
to  all  men,  and  revealing  all  his  will  concerning  -us,  by 
h.s  Gospel  and  his  Spirit-inspiring  and  sending  forth 
bis  Ministers  of  the  New  Testament,  (properly  styled 
"Ambassadors  of  Peace,")  through  ail  the  world,  to 
preach  his  Gospel  of  peace  and  salvation  to  every  crea- 
ture, and  offering  pardon,  holiness  and  eternal  life,  on 
t..emost  lOVing  5ad  easy  terras  to  ail  men,  must  un- 
doubtedly be  as  himself  declared  to  his  deciples,  "not 
to  destroy  men's  lives,  but  to  save  them ;"  and  to  diffuse 
and  disseminate  this  superlatively  excellent,  truly  digni- 


[ij?  Prince 
with  its 
: "  peace- 
'oJence," 
eek  nnd 
benevo- 
Br-faiJing 
ing,  self- 
;e,incor- 
en  to  *an 
peaceful 
It  hand, 

lis  foun- 
through 
ce,  who 
for  the 
)ure  be- 
»f«ssors, 
mpelled 

'ouhsel- 
"  GIo- 
» him — 
iduring 
our  re- 
sins in 
ife  and 
iumph- 

eiadirig 

o  co/i- 

and  of 

Ivation 

-us,  by 
forth 

styled 

rJd,  to 
crea- 

ife,  on 

St  un- 
knot 

liffiise 

digni- 


LETT^RS,  &c. 


« 


K7,:s  t'issiir  •''""•..'•■-rt""'  ■»•'• 

uresofhis  fflorions   Ui^^A^       *^"J 'yjng  ali   the  treas- 

and  joy  i„  fhrr,v'"G&  fl'!!'!?,"-"-:  P-- 
the  blessings 
bniiscd  benea 
in  their  view. 

queringgo,„e«rdmJr„r:  ,'" '""'"S  "P  Lis  all- con- 

hi.  .ervaflts  (or  subjects?  '»„-  ?«'?''',''•  """^  «'■«'«'"'»•« 

.hem,  being  Lliedr.he  vrr^f^g'^td^Sh^^r^f 

heir  Heavenly  Master,  out  of  the  ^niJill  ^^"i"^"'^' 

the  c„„o„,.  «„d  the  miners  of  theTn^dlv  P"'"^:'';'"'^- 

and  warring  kin«domsof  this  ^orW    Xr5'  '"^"T"' 

hutspiritual.andStvZ!^  T  Z?'!  "*  ""'  o"™"!. 
dow,rofstr;„7hoTdf."^A„7«''sP1'  '^^•'■e  p„|Ii„^ 
the  fourth  chamorTf  v.-    *"?  *«  St.  Jan       'estifies  in 

tribes.  sc'atteTabLad  &"a7'f"r '"  ""  '-«'^" 
them,  were  aIm„«T°l..*t''.»'  Josephu,  relates  of 

wars  and  bloody  come  j;^';;T;h',rp"*''  '"  ''^"""'i-'-ary 
were  under  pagan  bonda~  '''« /""ans.to  whom  they 
were  fighting  to  r*.M?„  .h!'   ?       "^?'""   "•"»»   they 

pe«deafe.)tL   aftfe;wars''IndT''K  ''"''^  "'"'  ''"^^^ 
«"  meir  wars  and  fightings  came  of  the 


[#' 


16 


LETTERS  &c. 


.ha.  are  cuAfr^:t:^^:z  Zr:!m  ^i't 

fcction  and  deetrovinff  lusia  wl,;.i.  il     .  *"  "'  "' 

fare,  and  •hcrefore^^anno,  ^"get  r^' iV""*'  '^"- 

We  may  now  clearly  discover  that  what  relau!.^*  • 
il  institutions  or  civil  /overnment  thL  V^     f«'ates  to  civ- 

matioiib  ,n  the  worJd.  J  cnnnr^t  ««„.V.r"  J**  ..?  ^^nom- 


'Ambassador  of  Peace."  and  licensed  A- 


the  .,ght  of  God.  in  attempting  to  make  JesStica  distil 
turn,  between  "political  ezptdkncy"  «W  4aS„  rfj^" 

peace  in  the  universe,  that  "what  is  morJlywrZJn 

nith  sentiments  of  christian  love  ^ 

and  setetjm,  believe  me  honored  Sir 

your  sincere  friend  and  hearty  welKwisher. 

John  Casev. 


MMi>«*«MMM»u».,^:^  » 


*  members 
5d  not  by 
len  peace- 
^  and  good 
t  IS  eartb- 
ry,  **  they 
all  its  af- 
rnal  war- 
^  man   on 
placed  all 
gave." 
It's  to  civ- 
»tices  on- 
Forms  of 
of  JesuSj 
>  nations 
govern- 
Pely  lays 
rned,  or 

• 

»  I  view 
which  it 
denoni- 
my  pro- 
nged A- 
iisquisi- 
civil  or 
ified  in 
distinc- 

issirtns, 
'  avari- 
aakers, 
giy  be- 
^X\i  all 
nds  of 
^>  can 
right. 


^er. 

LEV. 


LETTERS,  &c. 


17 


Blenheim,  Novembeh  8,  18»5 
Caxdid  Friend,  ^"  '^'  '"""'' 

I  beg  the  indulgence  of  vour  m«o.  .  • 
to  an  unprejudicid  perusal  of  -n^.i!  'f"^"'  a^entioh 
you  vvill  find  me  attemp"  ni^o  exh  h?  ^T'cJ""  ^'''^'h 
of  the  sentiments  and  pSoLnf  P  ""  ^2''^*^"'  '^^'^^^ 
pacific  denominations, '^in.evprv''  S«<^-'eties,  and 
controverted  subiecrif  nil  f  L  ^'"'''°'"'*»f'  but  much 

or  framinv  civil  ctnta^  o„j  a»acinoie  tor  the  puroosp 
vine  and  ben^nan,?™';,"^''  c"'nn.o„.e„,tb,.  ^ah^Z 
terprise,  evidently  Tnd!^',  ,'''*''"''*'  """'^  ''«»«"  ea- 
It  fiilly  recognize  the  natL?/  T°*'  ■"""''  f^'icily. 

civil  and  munic  pal  ;4u,atij^r«f  ""*"  '"  "<'""'  »'"='• 
happiness  of  cX  aTtTZZT/  T'^"'''  ">  ">« 
meet  the  exigencies  of  a?  classy  nf      °"  '  •"""P'^''  "> 
and  preserWng  the  peace    order  Lf  ^"'^" '  '"  ""="""8 
ty,  by  the  .up-pressfon  of  vice  and  .h/™""^  "^  '"''"^ 
and  promotion  of  virtue;  aid  "s  „  L   «"f  "'asement 
rents  constantly  attending  to  th..,         ""''  **"''«'•  Pa- 
the, rants  and  necess  tiesV/a  Uhf™''  V"^  ^"«<i't'<L. 
eial  branches  of  the  one  ereat  iL"""''*"  °f  "-e  sevl 
Impartially  adrainisterinr  fthron^h  th        r"'  '■'""Or- 
well chosen  officers  of  s*ate)  thnt         I**'"""  "^  ""'r 
furnished  by  general  consent    for  .K  ""P'*  Pi-ovision,, 
being  of  the  whole.  *      '  ""^  '"PP"''  and  well 

pendent,  notwithstanding  ^L/^i^^ '^'*^  e<l"al  and  inde- 
and  tyrannizina8Diri?,l.?„:   !i  """'""'?•  "ioniineerinff 
Classens  of  me"nrSv    "h"*^  b^.hre'r'^'^.''''^''''^^^' 

?r„r!  °''--'"<'  -  aii:  s!'nrtb?;o:i^„„!.'i- 

quenV«Th;;oT;.Tf1h:lo"r7T''  rV"^^^ 
»-e  ana  snpeLrity  o^p^Z:\SZt::^ 


wnm 


18 


LETTERS,  &c. 


w> 


able  exception  of  the  meek  and  lowly  followers  of  th. 
redeeoiing  Pr.nce  of  Peace)  wl.icl.  haughttamj  d„mi 

t,  ,„  heaven ,  for  which  they  were  thrust  down  to  heT 
WlV    I '""'T"'  "'■  •'"''"<"'•  "'"l  etern«Horme«".' 

lit  TXzir '  "'"'*'"••'""  "^  ^"'0  -~<- 

wlS -t'-stLltet-n^^rrndr  httt  r ^"""'"'j 
a^ay.  with  all  its  local,  cereTon  au'^S'j  ^1"  s 
of  peculmnty,  (among  which  must  not  brranked  the 
decnlogue.  or  ten  commandments,  because  they  a  e  o^ 
viously  of  unirersal  application,  Ind  of  perS  obn" 
ption,  strictly  binding  on  all  men.)  Thi^sum  of  ear^h 
ly  dominions  and  ruling  powers,  or  the  VourTrea,  Mot 
archies  of  the  earth  are  represented  in  holy  writ  br.wo 

ohZ  "'  '^'»^'«'  "'-h  «'ve  no  fayoraul^idea  oHh^r 
origin,  character,  or  termination.     They  are  first  ren 
resentod  by  the  prophet  Daniel  ««der  Ve  form  o7'l' 
niighty   irnage,    composed  of  yarious  materials      vZ 

siiyer,  the  Grecian,  brass,  the  Roman,  iron,  and  in  the 
end  part  iron  and  part  clay.  The  prophet  saw  tH  a 
.tone  wascutoutof  the  mountain  without  hands  fChris,'^ 
kingdom,  of  which  himself  i.  head,)  which  Le  he 
image  upon  its  feet.  Then  the  gold,  the  sTver  thl 
brass,  the  iron  and  the  clay,  becLe'.s  chaff  o^  ^^ 
summer  threshing  floor,  and  tl*  wind  droye  them  awly 

wno  e  earth,     in  another  vision    the   same    nrooliet 
saw  the  same  great  Potentates  represented  by  wild'^bers  s 
a  Lion,  a  Leopard,  a  Bear,  and  a  monster  of  inSf-' 
bable   error  and  fierceness.     These  great  Powerswe™ 
the  abhorrence  of  God,  and  the  scourge  of  mTn   Xl^ 

lefal-rt^'  K*"*'  ""'  '""  "  -"ono'er  out  oTa  trrmy 
sea  agitated  by  tempcMs;  iheir  course  was  marked  b^ 
an  exterior  of  splendour  and  pomp,  and  by  a  yast  and 

'  Theorists  ia  discussing  the  origin  of  government 
f«ll  into  corions  and  splendid  reverils ;  suhstitiftln^fhi 
Woasgms  of  fancy  whi'ch  expand  in  .b;Sarnt"leId: 


it- 


LETTERS,  &c.  j^ 

of  imagination,  for  the  realities  of  truth      Pv.-  „• 
people  are  often  amused  and  en...r.„'      i '     .     ,°  P"»"» 
and  commotion  of  "  i,.«„.  j  *"'*"«""«J  "■«'!  the  none 

long  vale  „f  aee>ZhuliZtii^,^"^'"  """""K''  «he 

^rnton'^tdxi""-"   ^^'  — ^' ''^^-' 

their  delZve  and  fe-  •''  ^  i"""  '™'"  "'""  "'"  »" 
into  darknees^'orre;  w'^fir^T'"''  ""«'"''«««  'hem 
contempt."  *'"'  **"""«  "'"l  everlasting 

fra'lilLVbySst'L?"^  ecclesiastical  governmen,. 
for  the  JeJishna,bnlH'"''« ""?""'"''""'"'  '"■■«<'d 
people,  no  othe?^art?;n  l"        "''"*''  ""'"'i'elr  to  that 

give?    t'o  adopHt-^^en  urlrr'^'""''''''  ^^  '^'''"  '»*- 
stances,  and  to  contmop  ol^  7  ""«•»!'''  peciiliarcircum- 

seed  (Chr.;rZr Vol-n'r 'm''™''-'','!''  '"^ 
commanded  the  Jews  to  hear  anT  i  j     '      '"'"^elf 

ened  penalty  of  bein,  .'^^j  Xi:'"^!'".'^:  "^'^««- 
to  pass  that  every  soul  wIhj  win  .?^.' i  ",''"'"  "=°"'e 

et,  shall   be  cut    ,TfZm    »1    "°' '!e»f    that   Proph- 
thst  Prophet,  Priest  and  Hint    h"  '',"  .i'eople"-even 
Peace,  to  establish  hi"  ospeun^'^^f  ""''"»  F,""""  "^ 

"f  "righteousness.  pereTnd  ^o^  i„"  .''^^''^^f'!',"" 
■And  as  a  Divinp  mf.,ii;ki«      j   "^     .  v  "iiost." — 

La-giver,  ^ivT-afew't":;;  .f^Trn;"!:^'^'?"^'  "»'• 

Jaws,  perfectiv  suitP.I  nr.^  o     i      .f^""*''  nioraljty  and 

"»  peace,  •  as  the  only  nerfert  rnU  ";[«■  Tr    sg"""»»aaors 

pMh  to  peace  and  hapUe,"'™'*^^'''"'  •»■*  fe'tain 

ty  hereafter  in  the  Heavens  '         "'•'""'  '^''«'- 

Now  it  is  granted  on  .11  hands,  that  the  Hebrew,  or 


so 


LETTERS,  &o. 


m 


diTinely  authorised  civil  and  ecclesiastical  government 
of  the  Jews,  has  long  since  passed  away  with  their  king- 
dom,  laws  and  polity,  and  that  we  have  now  no  other 
Jorm  of  notional  government,  than  what  is  usually  stvl- 
ed  y  social  cotnpacr ;  whether  it  be  monarchial,  aristo- 
craucal.  or  democratical,  or  all  these  three  together,  still 
It  IS  styled  "a  social-^ompact"  by  the  nations.     It  is  be- 
lieved that  nations  of  men  have  a  right   to  assemble  «i 
masse,  or  by  delcfation  and  adopt  such  forms  of  civil 
government,  and  such  municipal    laws  and  regulations 
as  the  majority  may  approve  :    Provided,  however,  that 
none  of  their  laws  are  contrary  to  the  laws  of  God,  or  su- 
pervene a  Divine  Institvtiony  It  is  evident  that  the  same 
mode  of  civil  government  is  not  suitable  for  all   condi- 
lions  of  men,  or  for  the  same  people  under  different  cir- 
cumstances ;  but  the  disposal  of  power  should  never  be 
.  in  the  hands  ol  those  who  hold  it  by  delegation  or  elec- 
tion, but  solely  at  the  control  of  the  grantors,  as  a  natu- 
ral,  unalienable,c*ivil  or  moral  right.     For  "what  is  mor- 
ally  wrong,  can  never  in  the  nature  of  things  become 
politically  right. 

The  foundation  of  all  civil  government  among  men, 
the  religion  of  Jesus  Christ  unquestionably  lays,  in  that 
Justice  and  mercy  which  the  Throne  of  eternal  justice 
nnd  mercy  imperiously    requires  all    men  upon   earth 
to  exercise  in  every  case,  and  in  every  possible  situation 
li,,  .    ,"^ '"®"  *"  **"^  probationary  state  can  be  placed  in. 
1  his  holy  and  benevolent  religion  represents  the  hu- 
man race  as  one  great  family,  and  all  mankind  as  breth- 
ren.     It  expressly  declares  that  "God  hath  made  of  one 
blood  all  nations  of  men  to  dwell  (in  love  and  peace) 
upon  the  face  of  the  earth,"  with   solemn  injunction  to 
promote  each  other's  welfare,  bound  to  the  constant  ex- 
ercise of  mutual  kindness,    forbearance  and  love  ;  and 
to  the  reciprocal  interchange  of  all  the   beneficent  offi- 
ces in  their  power  ;  with  a  high  and  universal  command 
to  "do   unto  all  men  as  we  would  wish    all  men  to 
do  unto  us    in   similar  circumstances."      And   whi»h 
iH  gospel,  language  reads Jhus,   "All   things    whatso- 
everi'ye  wolild   that    men  should    do    to  you,   do  ye 
€venstf  unto  them."     And  thus    contribute  as  m.joh  L 
possible  t^  each  other's  happiness,  by  rendering  each 
other  every  neressary  and  beneficial  assistance  in  our     * 
power— "bearing  eich  other's  burdens,  and  so,"  io  the 


LETTERS,  &c.  ai 

W  oflcve  '"""'  "^"'^""'8  •'"  '""   of  ChrUt"-hi. 
B.it  inasmuch  as  all  ,nen  8r«  liable  to  be  both  tempted 
mA  „,eircomtbymtnn  and  tlieir  own  wicked  and   de- 
ceufol  heart,  ;    while  no,  watching   „„,o  prayer,   and 
euardinK  .1^  avenues  of  the  .oul  a^inst  the  >«werti.l 
influence  of  that  evil  ,j,iril  and  principle,  whichT*  a" 
wnjr,  at  enmity  with  man's  peace  and  happi„e"s  ,„j  un 
rem..t,„gly  labouring  to  render  ever    ble  sin      winch 
Heaven  so  graciously  bestows  upon  man.  a  verv  curse 
«nd  snare  to  him   while  sojourninjr  in  this  valeoV.rial 
an,!  sorrow.     And  because  men  are  bable  to  become  en 
eimes  ai.,1  seek  each  other's  destruction,  (though  m«de 
ol  one  blood,  and  brethren  by  creation,  tLmvLn^nd 
Providence,  and  also  by  that   uniting  and    cemenlins 
We  and  grace  of  fU-aven,  which  hMl,npneared"moaU 

y  lusts,  we  should  live  godly,  .obeily  and  righteouslv  in 
this  present  evil  world,)  therefore,  the  holy  and  be" 
nevo  ent  religion  of  Jesus,  which  .o'er  cai    be  w"uped 

y  man,  without  forfeiting  all  right   and  claim  to  ibiti- 
t^eof  chriuian.and  virtually  and   practically  "de  ,,n., 
Chrl8,  that  bought  him."  has   provided   and  graci^.Cv 
offers  anmfalHble  remedy.-eien  .l.enn..dynfofTsui^ 
all  atoning  and  all  purifying  blood,  and  bles^sed  Spirk- 
the  merits  of  his  cross.      This  all  snfficient,  and  ierfect 
Saviour,  Lawgiver  and  Judge,imperatively  JommanJsal 
men  every  where  to  "love  their  enemies"Lyea,  '" 
a  enemies,  such  as  the  Jews  were  instructed  to  hatel 
"to  r.turn  good  for  evil" ;  and  on  no  accoun  and  on^ 
occasion  to  "resist  evil  persons",  (or  the  injurious)  "but 
If  smitten  on  one  cheek,  meekly,  patiently  and  mainan 

ot  ev  I  but  ahvaysOTercome  evil  with  good  ;  and  strict! 
^  enjoins,  "See  that  none  redder  evil  f.r  evil  ,o  a^v 
man"  But  instead  of  avenging  theinjuries,  wrom-s  or 
insults  done  by  tempted,  false  and  w  ckedly  d°spo,ed 
brethren  to  ourselves,  or  any  other  members  VtKu- 
man  family,  whether  it  be  to  ruler,  or  our  cIo^p...!!!!. 
bT'ZVZV^  expressly  and  absolutely  commanded 
,»th„  .        I   Suprewe,  "Avenge    not  yourselves,  but 

!t^Z%'"  "r^'*  ""'"  "'■*"' '  <■'"■  "^  '»  »"-itten,vengeance 
..  mihe,  1  will  repay,  saith  the  Lord."    And  furthermor^ 


<«M«a 


99 


LETTERS,  &o. 


pomtclly  declare.,  "rf  ,e  from  your  l.oarts  f„r«ive  not 
ev«ry  n.nn  h,«  brother  their  tre»»ptt«.Hs,  i.eitl,cr  w  M  vn,?, 
heove„.y  „uher  forg.ve  you  y.,,!;  treJ.pa  '  ,  "     iC 
making  our  very  salvation  t»de|,on,l  upon  our  nom^Z 
..K  and  e.xerc,M»j?  a  .piri,  „f  |,„„  „„j  forgiveness  to  our 

c™r::r  iv;:  vr  ""•»  """"r  *  «"<)  ....Trvo  a."; 

without  winch  no  man  shall  see  the  Lord."    And  fiii-I 
theriaore  proclaimed  in  oxpre..  terms  from  the  Mouni 

t.ieSe":U'o.l^T-"'"''*"-  ^°'  "->«"•"  "-•>""<' 

But  de.r  friend,  liere  the  advocates  and  rotarics  of 

the  blood-thirsty  Molock  of  ,var  will  quickly  oCt  and 

.ay.  "  these  command,  of  Christ,  which  enjoin  forbear- 

gveness  of  injuries,  were  exclusively  given  to  the  dis- 
c,|.  OS  and  follnw..rs  cf  Christ  who  were  converted  aid 
had  received  the  gift  of  the  Floly  Ghost,  and  are  there- 
fore  binding  tipon  „„„«  but  Chris.ia„,,'a„d  ,S  .se  X 
profess  the  religion  of  Christ,  in  their  relations  to  elch 

'"replying  to  the  first  part  of  this  popular  areument 
.Will  be  sufficient  simply  ,.  exhibit  the  clear  an^dTx^d! 
c     testimony  of  the  holy  Evangelist,  and   the  injunc- 
tions of  Christ  to  Peter,  which  are  both  in  point    and 
which   when  carefully  examined,  I  doubt  not,  wl"  prove 
a  satisfactory  refutntion  of  the  objection  to  e^ery  caivlld 
mind.     Thus  saith  the  holy  Evangelist,-"  The  llo W 
Ghost  was  not  yet  given  because  Christ  was  not  yet 
glorified."     And  theS.viour  himself  said  to  Peter  lo^ng 
after  h.s  incomparable  and  divine  sermons  on  the  moun? 
.ndon  the  plain;  "  When  thou  art  converted,  s'rZui 
en  thy  brethren^'      And  we  are  well  assured  that  Ihe 
genuine  spirit  of  Christianity  was  not  poured  forth  upon 
Christ's  followers  until  the  memorable  day  of  Pentecost 
which  was  at  least  ten  days  after  his  glorification      Is 
to  the  ast  part  of  the  objection  •  that  Christ's  commands 
are  not  binding  upon  an,  but  christians,  and  those  who 
make  profession  of  religion  ,.  their  relation  toeach  oth- 
?r  -we  solemnly  ask,  „re    wt  ti.ese  high  command, 
WBsphemoa«ly  trampled  iiiid  r  f,.,..  hv  «ii  ?.,...""  ""' 

fessed  christians,  in  their  relation  to  each  mhe^'VSouX' 
out  iJ  Christendom  ?     Are  they  not  all  openly  nrofaifed 

•nd  violated  by  the  thousands  and  tens  of^  l.ousa„rof 


to 


t 


LETTERS,  dtc.  n 

professed  ehrifitinh  warrior'.,  and  professed  christian 
war.mak.ni<.rt,Ier8,  in  every  war  a  ml  prepar«tion  f«? 
war  m  C hrisr^ndom  1  And  l.ave  they  '^wrbeen  thn. 
shamefully  abused  and   violated  for   fifteen    centuriel 

Have  they  not  remained  so  to  the  present  day,  and  are 
they  not  yet,  alas!  alas!  unrepentedof  andunfirsakeni 
Is  .t  not  a  notorious  fact,  that'   both  the   nat  ona     war 
making  rulers,  and  all  their  armies  for  nearly  fifteen  h^m 
dred  years   throuijl  aut  ail  the  nations   oriCiltendom" 
have  openly  pr<.f.s..  J  the  religion  of  Chri8t,^„d    wpT« 

aTtt"p?JeT^'A'^'*^?'^'' ^  ^'-«»''  the^Pro^t! 
kin'<.s  .M  ""^^"'*^"'\"^  churches;    and  all  iheir 

thTr' L    'l'^'' ""^  ^^"^'■«'«' ^«^«  either  the    heads  of 
these  churches  themselves,  or  highly  honored  and  rp- 

sX  atThetr ""'.  TV/' ''  ^'^  --rmost":ni;: : 

sally  at  the  present  day,   if  we  except  the  few  professed 

B^«A  atl  j;^^^^^  .^'  Francerand  a  feraVoTed 

^'eisTsr  anfUf  Hieists  in  other  couutries. 

*1  am,  Sir,  yours  unfeignedly, 

'  '  John  Casey. 

rr  ^i    n      Waterford,  November  10,  1825 

Not  doubting  but  that  your   belief  iw  fi,...!,,   „-      j 
«;tb  that  of  tul  great  ApLtle  toZToJm/stpIut' 
where  he  testifier  in  hi,fir.t  Epistle  to  the  Corfnihbt' 

i::..     i  *'    ;  ^'  -"^  "P*"*  »»  Mievet,  in   Chr  8t  are 
baptised  ,„,„h,a  on.  body,  whether  they  be   Je^g "r 

^aSet  •;  ^T'\  '^'J  ■*'  '"'"''  "'  f™«'  ""-l  that  aTl  are 

onebXofCh'r   r''''°"*"P'"''''    *»'•'""'  """'hs 
th»lr   ; -^  n  S  ""•  "^  '"Pcratively  commanded  by  him 

co'nrse'ZirtefgZScrf,.'''''"  "'l^'^'"'  ^'"^  "' 
asthemselv«'!r..?l!7-"?-*^''?»"»."  "•"°»«.  so  called) 
fervehtlv  "  "7,.  ue  '".'""-."-;'*='■  o"ier  with  pure  hearts, 
oZn^tiLZll  f  '^T  '"J"""  """^  tresspasses,  no 
to%o^io/n^,lT'  '''"'^'  seventy  times  sevei,"- 
lo  do  good  unto  all  men  as  they  have  opportunity  e.^ 
pccally  ante  those  of  the  household  of  faiX"-to  "bea^ 


an 


ae 


24 


LETTERS,  ^c. 


one  another's  burdens  and  so  fulfil  the  law  of  Christ," 
which  is  love — to  love  even  their  enemies,  to  return  jyjood 
for  evil,  love  for  hatred,  blessing  for  cursing,  and  prayer 
for  despiteful  usage — n«t  to  avehge  themselves,  but  give 
place  unto  Virath,  fearing  him  vrho  hath  said  "vengeance 
is  mine,  I  will  repay,  saith  the  Lord,"  and  strictly  en- 
joins, "see  that  none  render  evil  for  evil,  to  any  man,"  but 
on  the  contrary  commands  eyery  soul  in  the  most  imper- 
ative manner  to  "  follow  peace  with  all  men,  and  holi- 
ness without  which  no  man  shall  the  Lord." 

I  beg  leave,  Sir,  to  address  you  as  an  **  Ambassador  of 
peace,"  on  this  all-important  subject,  and  to  earnestly  re- 
questyour  attention  to  the  following  plain  and  pointed  an- 
imadversions on  the  conduct  of  the  sanguinary  professors 
of  Christianity,  who  would  fain  persuade  themselves  and 
others,  that  these  plain,  positive  and  unequivocal  com- 
mands of  the  Lord  Jesus,  may'  be  suspended  during  th© 
bloody  and  brutal  conflicts  of  the  kingdorasoftlji;^  world, 
and  that  christians  are  not  uniformly  bojqmi^.  underr-.all 
circumstances,  to  love  their  neighbours  as  theimselves — > 
to  forgive  injuries — to  love  enemies,  and  to  "follow 
peace  with  all  men,  and  hohness,  without  which  ho  man 
shall  see  the  Lord." 

Painful  and  melancholy  indeed,  is  the  recital  of  the 
worse  than  brutal  conduct  of  the  sanguinary  professors 
of  Christianity,  both  of  Protestant  and  Popish  countries, 
since  the  establishment  of  their  various  religions,  (or 
shadows  of  religions,)  by  the  carnal  sword.  I  shall 
therefore  exhibit  no  more  than  a  glimpse  of  their  san- 
guinary and  anti-christian  principles  and  practice,  in 
this  and  the  following  letter,  for  the  truth  of  which  I 
only  desire  that  conscience  may  be  allowed  to  answer  in 
your  breast,  and  in  the  breasts  of  all  who  read  them, 
and  let  God  and  his  sacred  Gospel  judge. 

Now  is  it  not  a  notorious,  though  most  melancholy  fact, 
which  is  but  too  well  known  to  all  who  have  eyes  to  see 
and  ears  to  hear,  in  the  four  quarters  of  the  globe,  thai 
Papists  have  never  scrupled  to  fight  with  and  slaughter 
Papists  of  their  own  church  creed  and  discipline;  in  ev- 
si*v  war  the  firebrands  of  hell  hnve  kindled  in  all  the 
nations  of  Christendom,  during  the  last  fifteen  hundred 
years,  with  but  a  few  individual  and  honorable  excep- 
tions. The  Greek  churches  have  uniformly  trodden  in 
the  same  bloedy  and  anti-christian  steps,  with  a  few  indi- 


LETTERS,  &e. 


«5 


vidual  honorable    exceptions,  during    many    hundred 
years.     And  who  does  not  know  to  a  certainty  that  the 
Protestant,  Presbyterian,  Baptist,  and  Methodist  church- 
es, with  many  other  denominations  too  numerous  to  men- 
tion, have  zealously  supported  war,  both  by  precept  and 
example,  and  have  fought  with  and  butchered  their  own 
professed  christian  brethren,  who  were  members  of  the 
same  church  creed,  and  discipline  with  themselves,  but 
living  under  different  forms  of  civil  and  military  govern- 
ment.     But  blessed  be  God,  there  were  always  some  in- 
dividual, honorable  exceptions,  in   all  those   churches, 
from  their  first  rise  to  the  present  eventful  period  of  in- 
creasing gospel  light  and  benevolent  exertion  in  the  holy 
and  heaven-commended  work   of  pence-jaakingy  which   I 
rejoice  to  say  without  designing  exaggeration,  have  mul- 
tiplied these  honorable  exceptions  in  all   the   foremen- 
tioned  reformed  churches,  and  in  many  others  not   here 
named,   to   an  hundred   fold  ;    though  the  major  part 
during  the  political  and  murderous  quarrels  of  their  vvar- 
nng  rulers  have  blindly  paid  their  devotions,   and   inhu- 
nia.dy  sacrificed  their  professed  christian  brethren  to  the 
blood  thirsty  ajid  insatiable  god  of  war,  whenever  cr>m. 
manded  to  violate  the  high  and  holy  commands  of  the 
K.ng  of  kings  and  Judge  of  judges,  and  trample    his 
sovereign   authority   beneath   their    feet,  to  gratU^v    the 
pride  and  ambition  of  bloody-minded  men,  wl.o  neiLher 
feared  God  nor  regarded  the  lives  or  s.uls  of  their  fel- 
ow  men;  but  with  infernal  joy,  glorified  in  the  destruc 
tionof  mi  hons  A  preciou.  soul.!  Each  one  of  whom  is 
acknowledged  even  by  san^rumary  professors  themselve  ! 
«to  be  of  more  intrinsic  value  than  a  thousand  worlds,  or 
ten  thiMisand  kingdom..  While  satan  like  they  roioiced 
to  see  Christ's  professed  Kingdom  cruelly  and   unnatur 
ally  divided  against  itself,  and  the  avowed  members  of 

Chrl^ff '     ^:^^'.^^f*^  ^^"«  "^  ^^^'^•"^  professed  to   h.v^ 
Christ  formed  in  his  heart  the  hope  of  glorv,    savaoe  y 
murdering  each  other  and  tearing  each  ^ih.v  to   pTeces 
hke  somany  infernal  furies  or  savage  beasts  of  ..^y     '' 
All  these  professinjr  christian  churches  whid,  chieflv 
compose  the  st.in.nn.r  .r^.;^.  „„j  *.._:  ..  ,        ,  -     =^ 

the  nations  of  Chr.Htendom,  hove  slaughtered  a.H  plun- 
•d  and  otherwise  reduced  to  extreme  wre  che/lness 
torture,  thousands  and  tens  of  thousands  ol    their 


a 


90 


LETTERS,  &c. 


Wr 


JTi 


own  professed  christian  brethren-all  bearing  the  nam. 

•>«dly  begnn  and  carried  on  for  no  other  crime  ?han  that 
of  i^mg  born  and  living  upon  land  separaM  frm  Zd> 

fire  by  everjK  spark  of  temptation  that  assails  them  and 

ambition,  they  quickly  become  tyrants  and  oppressors  -~ 
The  wisdom  or  policy  of  this  world,  "  which  fsearthl7 

n'etic  nee'dt  f  d '"''"  '^^"^  ^^'^'^  "^P  and  0^"^ 
netic  needle  and  compass,  in  all  their   warlike  prenara- 

tions-the  god  of  this  world  reigning  enthroned'^orthj 

uppermost  seat  of  their  affections,  and  their  hearts,  as 

Jeremiah  expresses  it,  being  "  dccdtful  above  aUthn^s 

and  desperately  mcked,^^  their  imaginations  becomeSly 

inflamed,  and  their  malignant  passions  fired  and  roused 

to  blood  and  carnage,  robbery  and  murder,  and  that  of 

innocent  and  unoffending  thousands  who  had  never  done 

tT^^^    II    T  frJ?'^J  *""  ^^»  8^»^«"  **^-^™  «"  i»  >^ord. 
But  Satan,  the  he  lish  destroyer,  the  U8un>ing  god   of 

this  world,  who  blinds  and  takes  possessioa  and  Ltual- 
y  ''reigns  in  all  the  children  of  disobedience,''  represents 
to  the  imaginations  of  proud  Princes,  Pontifts  and  Gen- 
erals, 'all  the  kingdoms  of  this  world  and  the  glory  of 
them,    in  such  glowing  and  captivating  coloursfwith  a 
promise  of  the  whole,  or  a  part,(a8  may  most  effectually 
serve  his  infernal  purpose  in  going  about  seeking,  &c.) 
if  they  will  fall  down  and  worship   him,  and   fight   to 
maintain  his  power  and  glory  in  the  usurped  and  enslav- 
ed  kingdoms  of  the  earth.     Highly  elated  with  flaming 
hope*  and  rapturous  anticipations  of  conquest  and  glory 
aggrandizement  and  fame,  they   immediately  fall  down 
and  worship  him,  who  had  promised  them  such  snUnd:^ 
and  glorious  baubles,  (as  the  honors,  glories,  applause, 
titles,  and  wealth  of  this  world)  on  such  supposed   easy 
terms.     1  hough  common  sense,   if  the   sophistical  and 
clamorous  passions  of  rebellious  mortals,  did  not  com- 


tsETTERS,  &c.  27 

pletely  blind  and  harden  and  hurry  them  forward  to  the 
pit  of  destruction  might  easily  convince  them  that  Sa- 
tan  is  not  the  rightful  owner  or  proprietor  of  one  speck 
«f  earth ;  nor  of  one  particle  of  true  honor,  applause, 
riches  or  glory.     For  "the  gold  and  the  silver  is  mine, 
saith  the  Lord,"--the  "cattle  on  ten  thousand  hills,"  and 
"  the  earth  i«  mine  and  the  fullness  thereof."— And  again, 
"  how  can  ye  believe  who  receive  honor  of  one  another, 
and  seek  not  the  honor  that  cometh  from  God  only."— 
*^  For  that  which  is  honorable  and  highly  esteemed  n- 
mong  men.  is  an  abomination  to  the  Lord."      But  thus 
saith  "  the  God  of  peace,"   "Mc  meek  shall  inherit   the 
earthy  and  shall  delight  themselves  in  the  abundance  of 
peace,"  (not  live  bond  slaves  to  its  sordid  gratifications, 
like  those  boasting  warriors  who  delight  in  abundance  of 
war  and  military  glory.)     And  thus  saith  the  glorious 
Frince  of  peace— the  Judge  of  all,  "  he  that  loveth  fa- 
ther or   mother,  wife  or  children,  brethren  or  sisters, 
houses  or  lands,  yea  or  his  own  life,  more  than  me,  is  not 
worthy  of  me:  and  whosoever  doth  not  take  up  his  cross 
1    »^'   .!?/  hiniself  and  follow  me,hecaii»of  be  my  disci- 
ple.        He  that  seeketh  to  save  his  life  shall  lose  it,  but 
*ethat  loseth  his  life  for  my  sake,  (in  obedience  to  my 
•ommands)  the  same   shall  save  it  to  life  eternal."-- 
Therefore  I  say  unto  you  my  friends,  be  not  afraid  of 
them  who  at  the  worst  can  only  kill  the  body  and  after 
that  have  no  more  that  they  can  do  j  but  I  will  forewarn 
you  whom  ye  shall  fear;  fear  him  who  after  he  hath  kill- 
ed, hath  power  to  cast  both  body  and  soul  into  hell,  yea 
I  say  unto  you,  fear  him."     "  He  that  denieth  me  befi>re 
men,  (either  by  words  or  by  wicked  works,)  him  will  I 
deny  before  my  Father  and  the  Holy  angels;    and  (.e 
that  IS  ashamed  of  me  and  of  my  words  in  this  wicked 
and  adulterous  generation,  of  him  will  the  Son  of  man 

a^dteTJ/a"^  "  ^'^  ^^^^^  «^  '^^  *'-^- 

thf^lJ!ll'^  f^^^'^i'  ^5'"^^"^  hypocritical  brethren  of 
JZhVu         '  ""'^^^  ^"^  discipline,  separated  thus  from 

drpSnf    '-.'"'l'"?"';**"^^  «"d  marched  <rft  times   hnZ 

area  of  miles,  hv  In n/i  o»^   „^*  .._i? .•       .  . 

^<r  „i      I        ' -«•  — --'«««   ""*  «"ir«^queniiy,  inousands 

erv™  ThL'T  "•J^^o^j-Shter-hon^of  h^an  butch! 
tZ'  A  J?  \  ■?  "!*  *•'""  "f  «he  martial  wai-whoop. 
.oonded  forrh  by  their  mad  Princes  „„d  Generals,  thZ 
chn,t.an  harljarians,  fired  on  both  .ides  with  a  re  ig  om 


128 


LETTERS,  &c. 


f    ^ 


'  II 


d^ 


vouring  weapons-rush  to  the  ^sceTe  VTa,„tT  ±," 
jnurder-pkchat  each  other  like  infernal  CsThea^h 
their  swords  in  each  others  bowels-imbrue  their  h«^i. 

sLT '  T/'}'^'^^'  •"""  "P'"  •"«"•  other's  souls  nt  he 
shades  ot   destruction,  with  their   hearts  boiling  with 

iTlrT?^"'-  »■"'  """'  brethre,,"  blood  drUnt 
irom  their  bands:    in   thp  vprv    «oii  '"""  "**ppi"g 

bonds  of  iniquity  load  dwI.hVh  and  alT"' ^'^ 
And  thus  dellber^ately  and  ^antfjlj  sacrifice  17X^0 ' 
atombs  not  of  oxeu,  but  of  christian  brethrenrso  called" 

Jn  tt  Xof  s.Sr -^  "^ ''—"«''  «"''-* 

affirmed  that  he  was  msm«r«?  Surely  it  would  R.f,*-' 
what  reason  t  For  this,  plainly,"^  ..e^S^/of'tt' 
man  is  utterly  inconsistent  with  his  profession.  Thjs  ' 
the  reason,  an.l  there  is  no  other.     But  can  there  bo  « 

IZT.  ;T"«""t°^  'J"""  ''*•"■«*"  "'«  'Pf"'  ""d  acts  of 
var,  and   he  Spint  cmdprccepis  of  the  dospel?   Is  there 
any  one  thing  more  expressly  forbid.len  b/,he  rel  gfon 
tlL  .  f";  f     "  «'f^«>?'l  every  temper  and  dispositioS  of 
the  heart  from  which  it  can  proceed?    The  inference  is 
clear ;  Christianity  is  only  a  pretext  with  those  who,  either 
^principals  or  accessaries,  are  concerned  in  w7rZ! 
Why  should  the  matter  be  disguised  1    Thcv  stand  r,.„ 
j.cted«„6.W.      By  what  argument  ciTtf  tt™? 
the  evidence  of  their  own  notorious  ads?  They  may  be 
afraid  to  d.sbei.eye  and  so  haye  a  kind  of  negative\e- 
Iref ;  but  they  can  haye  no  positive  belief,  for  %  positive 
belief  ^«„.„,s  the  conduct.      A   man  does  not  put   ,'' 

ttllbirr        ''"  '"='=«"^'' <"•  W"  P'>sme  belief  Z>t" 

Earnestly  imploring  the  God  of  peace  that  the  prince 

«f  darkness   and  war,  may  be   dethroned   «rom  every 


LETTERS,  &c. 


m  the  Kingdom  and  patience  of  ,"hl  Lord  Jesus, 

ioHN  Casey. 


^0  Mc  same,  * 

Db*«  .«„  Esteemed  FrC™""'  '^"'"  *'"'•  »825. 

christians  ever  "oughrir.^,.  fi  n'*/,' '"  ""»'""'  S-od 
and  went  home  to  feave„  5"     *"  "^  '"*"'''•  g<"  kUled, 

;>.aH;;p„ShLtt%^"4r  r:r'' "'-"  •"-  •- 

.    for  chanty  ought  to  have  been  rS^^  /  ^°'"''  *"^  ""'»• 
scholar  on  earth  can  bearTt.^^.t  ^'^'^■^"y^'^^k 

ifies,  "  Love  workethno  luTu'''     ^?^  ^t.  Paul  tes- 
Jove  ,,  the  fiilfilliinj  of  the    aw  ""  T'S ''""•■  therefore 
gospel  charity  think  evil  of  1„         ^"'^''^^  «»"  '<"-«  or 
made  apparem  b/sufficiem  ;/=  r"'  ""'"  ""«  «vil  i. 
la"  (•«%  believe  t'i.at  no  m"  „  TstT  "^  P™"""-    ^"d 
hmiself  the  prerogatives    „r  a,e"  d'T*^  '^  «»««"»«  to 
of  Christ,  though  St.  Paul   saUh    "  .       J'"*?'"*"'  seat 
judgeth  all  thin|s,  and  ve.  h„  i    '     .J'*  »P"""al  man 
^n."  (no  carn'al  man   '"wt   "TV'  ^"''^•"^  "^  »" 
of  the  spirit,  and  who  cannm  kn  "'"  "'«  ">"•(?« 

are  spiritual,^  <^iscerned^^""'/„";'^J';«•"  ^«a„se  ,he*V 
nath  said  "  a  tfoofl  tr«o  u  •  .  <^nrist  himself,  wJm 
ther  doth  a  co^^up'  ^e  blTf''  T  '"i;^^  ^^^^  ^^"^t>  "ef- 
tree  is  known  by  ^rownfuit  fn  ^^.^  ^"""'^^  ^"^  «^ery 
gather  figs,  neither  ofTbrambl,^?  f  '^'f^^  '"^«  ^^'^  »o^ 
wherefore  by  their  fruisye^^^^^^^ 
ftuthennoresaid/'bvthis  .h^«l.  t'.riL'!":^"'  **^^«^-"  Aud 
:;'h.t.^!^A-''^«  ioveone  anoth;;r.'^u!!l^"-^.^«  are 


»t  Jie  that  loveth  father' 


houses  or  Jand 


ave 


oj*  mother,  wii 


ioved 


^'ou 


"'  •^'*'  ^^  ^'i«  «^"  lire  more  than 


e  or  children, 
we,  is 


80 


LETTERS,  &c. 


not  worthy  of  me,  and  whosoever  will  not  iake  up  his 
cross  daily,  deny  himself  and  follow  me,  he  cannot  be 
my  disciple,"  said  also,  "  the  words  which  I  have  spo- 
ken unio  you,  the  same  shall  judge  you  in  the  last  day," 
and  left  his  meek  and  lowly  followers  this  admonitory 
cautiou,  well  knowing  the  corrupting  influence  of  long 

established  custom  and  popular  opinion '•  See  that  ye 

judge  righteats  jlidgmcnt." 

And  I  as  freely  admit  that  it  is  not  the  province  of 
any  man  to  set  bounds  or  limits  to  the  grace  and  mercy 
of  the  redeemingjPrince  of  peace,  or  to  his  power  in  sav- 
ing to  the  very  uttermost  all  that  come  unto  God  by  him 
in  every  state  of  trial  allotted  them.     Still  in  the  true 
charity  of  the  gospel,   I  feel  authorised  to  ask  the  fol- 
lowing plain  and  important  question :  Can  any  man  be 
a  true  christian  without  having  the  spint  of  Christ— be- 
ing led  by  it,  and  bringing  forth  its  proper,    genuine 
fruits  which  are  described  in  Gal.  5th,  to  be  "  love,  joy, 
peace,  long-suffering,  gentleness,  goodness,  faith,  meek- 
ness, temperance  and  truth,"  which  you  well  know  can 
never  grow  on  the  poisonous  tree  of  war,  or  flow  from 
its  fierce  and  bloody  spirit  ?     You  honestly  answer  in 
the  words  of  St.  Paul—*'  Now  if  any  man  ham  not  the 
spirit  of  Christ,  he  is  none  of  his,"  "but  as  many  as 
are  led  by  the  Spirit  of  God,  /%  are  the  sons  of  God,** 
and  necessarily  bring  forth  the  fruits  of  the  same. 

Then  my  dear  friend,  you  have  honestly  acknowledged 
that  if  there  are  any  good  christians  to'be  found  in  the 
field  of  battle,  among  the  conflicting  armies,  who  are 
chiefly  composed  of  the  fighting  part  of  all  the  above 
named  denominations,  they  must  of  necessity  "  have  the 
Spirit  of  Christ;''  »•  the  Spirit"  of  the  meek  and  lowly 
Jesus,  the  Prince  of  peaee-^must  "  be  led  by  it,"  and 
bring  forth  the  genuine  fruits  of  the  same. '  Can  you 
then,  as  an  honest,  a  candid  and  conscientious  minister 
of  the  Prince  of  peace,  stand  forth  and  declare  to  the 
servile  and  deluded  multitude  of  carnally  minded  pro- 
fessors, and  to  a  wicked  and  gainsaying  world,  that  you 
believe  the  spirit  of  Christ  does  actually  lead  good  chris- 
tians to  the  '"field  of  battle"  to  cut  eachvther's  throats,  to 


M -•i„- 


rulers  * 


xrrntifii  fhf>  invirlp 

o_     --1/^ ' •/     

Or  has  ever  led  them  to  imbrue  their  hands  in  each  oth- 
ers blood,  to  support  the  honor  and  dignity  of  Christ's 
peaceable  Kingdom  among  men,  or  the  honor  and  dig- 


LETTERS,  &c. 


^1 


ike  up  his 

cannot  be 

have  spo- 

last  day," 

dmonitory 

Cd  o(  long 

ee  that  ye 

rovince  of 
ind  mercy 
ver  in  sav- 
od  by  him 

the  true 
k  the  fol- 
y  man  be 
hrist — be- 
genuine 
love,  joy, 
ith,  meek- 
know  can 
low  fVom 
iiflwer  in 
ye  not  the 

many  as 
of  God,'' 
me. 

owUdged 
ind  in  the 

who  are 
;he  above 
*  have  the 
md  lowly 

it,"  and 
Can  you 

minister 
re  to  the 
ded  pro- 
that  you 
md  chris- 
iroatSf  to 
i  rulers  f 
sach  oth- 

Christ's 
and  dig- 


nity of  the  warring  kingdoms  of  this  world  "  lying  in 
mckednessV'    Surely  my  respected  friend,  it  would  b« 
nothing  less  than  blasphemy  in  me  te  make  such  a  dec- 
laration, and  such  blasphemy  as  the  Jews  of  old  were 
guilty  of  only  reversing  the  characters,  and  attributinir 
the  genuine  works  of  the  devil  to  the  agency,  guidance 
and  direction  of  the  Holy  Ghost— the  spirit  of  Christ  in 
the  hearts  of  good  christians  in  war,  while  the  Jews 
blasphemed  against  the  Hbly  Ghost,  by  attributing  his 
genuine  works  to  the  agency  of  the.  prince   of  devils, 
when  they  were  eye   and  ear  witnesses  of  the  eternal 
fact  that  they  were  performed  by  the  omnipotent  power 
of  the  compassionate  Saviour—"  the  Prince  of  Peace." 
It  is  well  known  that  Christ's  command  to  every  soiil 
in  a  state  of  probation  is,  ''follmo  m."     Now  is  it  not 
impossible  for  professed  christian  warriors  to  be  Christ's 
followers  when  they  go  in  the  bloody  paths  of  war  in 
which  Christ  never  trod,  and  where  it  is  certain  his  spir- 
it would  never  lead  them  ?     Christ  further  commands  all 
men,  "Learn  of  me,  for  I  am  meek  and  lowly  of  heart  " 
&c.     Now  is  it  possible  for  christians  to  learn  of  Christ 
to  hate,  torment  and  mjrder  one  another,  which  is  al- 
most  the  constant  practice   of   thousands   of  his  pro- 
fessed followers  ?     Or  where  does  he  teach  his  followers, 
in  any  of  the  peace-breathing  pages  of  his  gospel,  that 
when  living  under  different  forms  of  government,  sepa- 
rated by  geographical  lines,  and  in  some  places  within 
hearing  of  each  other's  voices,  and  sight  of  each  other's 
iaces,  they  should  proudly  parade  with  their  murderinir 
arms,  learning  the  discipline  and  arts  of  dexterously 
butchering  each  other  by  rule  and  system  ! !  ^  ^ 

It  is  in  vain,  my  dear  friend,  to  plead  ignorance  of 
christian  duty    as  ground  of  justification  for  any  man  : 
for  the  eternally  just  and  righteous  Judge  of  all  men 
never  did,  nor  never  will  leavehimself  without  a  faithful 
witness  in  the  heart  and  conscience  of  every  man  •  to 
,  approve  and  justify  for  all  well  doing,  and  to  condemn 
for  the  contrary.     He  hath  faithfully  enlightened,  con- 
vinced, reproved  and  instructed  every  man  that  cometh 
into  the  world,  of  every  nation,  tongue  and  clime,  and 
i  am  confident  ne  man,  at  the  great  assize,  and  awful 
day  of  final  retribution,  will  be  able  to  charge  his  crimes 
to  God  s  account,  in  witholding  his  heavenly  light,  grace 
and  conviction  of  duty,  orability  to  perform  it  from  him. 


w 


LETTERS,  &.C. 


er  a„d  efficacy  of"  „„  ^and  u-ld  fi."^"'''',*"  "''  "'"  !«»'■ 
generate  men'g  hearff  and  hrl      a*"*  "I'?'"","  „.  re- 

good  works.    And  b,TZll £         "'"""•  "'''"<"'  """> 

neficont  Creator  /"  whose  tendTl'  *"-"'"'^  ""''  ^e- 
works-who  is  lOTinrand  kfnH       ,'''"^'  "*  "'«■• «"  ^s 
whose  free  and  uSr:cd  grat  "ZS!^  ""'."-?"<^ 
ti-.n,  hath  appeared  unto  all  mm,  '!""='' .''"ng«'h  salva- 
".Ving  ungodliness  a^S  wo  ,J^""i, '•"'='""«  "*  "-at  de- 
godly,  soberly  and  rielueou^v  i/.l         '   '"^  '''"'''<'  "'« 
-and  "  a  manifestrnfil    f  ^     "'"  P'"«'*«'"  «*''  world" 
i"ff  spirit  h"  h  been  Xe  ■  To    '"  ''*'""-"'""'  "»''  »'""'>- 
withal,")  of  bemrinXectly  .hl''^  "'""/"  P™"'  »"" 
ranee,  and  the  de'crScT  Zl   „  S""'"  ""^  *"«"'»  'g""" 
•heir  wars  and  wiS  ^ss  "on  ear,l."""l„S"h"""/  "" 

crimes  and  most  „  „rderou^«h  '^  ^^'""'  ""«  '>''"=''«'«' 
that  his  Spirit  had  over  rvr.'e"Them"r""'  "."'^'"^ 
eonsness,  and  of  a  judgment  to  com.  '"'  "'^"f'"- 

ened  their  understanding/  eome— or  ever  enlight- 

by  his  Spirit"  Borde/t^^,.'"  •"?"«''."?""  their  minds 
ing  doctrine;  of  peace-.t  /"    .™?"^  "-^  self-dony. 

doctrines  of "  /oiiS:irg7:':e;7,ir^! '::'  ^""tf-'t'i 

without  which  feternal  tinVh  I     1    .     ,        .'/"'""'''"es''. 
»ec  the  Lord,"  for  , hey    "f  ^^  .'"'«'='"«''  """an  shal 
condemned  already  nYdcoLt"*, ""'  T'"  ^''"«'  "'e 

fieien.  ,i,ht  has:o^e^'^t7lfeTol-'td''.r''"';'^"''- 
darkness  rather  than  liohf  K.  ,    ■    "  tne^  choose 

How  many  h.gh  profefso;,  ^f  rH  •^*'','^*''''^  «'««'"■" 
wickedly  mainfair.rar  olaj  Site?  ''"'''  '^'"' 
ture  that  men's  ignorance  is  still  ,^,h    '"."^^Pfess  scrip. 

with  many  o.her'sophl  .  caUnd  se  pemL"^  "''  ^"=- 
used  to  suffocate  reflection  «fifl„  ^'P*".""*  arguments, 
the  forte  of  those  awfni  f  '"''  """^^'^nce  and  eh.de 
judgments,  det'orncerh"'  L^!"'.?'"^- . «"''  «'a.n.i„g 
and  impenitent  sinness.  "Beca7s;Thei;^.n "/'/"^'^''^y 

.»fi.w.th  «i,  f,nd  -hterf„gosrd':;i?-;!!;4t::r; 


»  deceive 

the  pow- 
ti,"  tt»  re- 
new and 
I  ted  unto 
ind  flesh. 

ungodly 

and  be- 
er all  his 
an — and 
th  salva- 
that  de- 
uld  Jive 
I  world" 

purify- 
ofit  him 
's  igno- 
r  of  all 

daring 
^heming 
hick  en- 
y  ascri- 
lackest 
'enying 
f  light- 
^niight- 

minds 
r-d«?ny- 
»iental 
iines!«, 
n  shall 
isl  are 

''sue- 
'lioose 

evil." 
J  who 
scrip- 
»  &c. 
iients, 
elude 
niing 
ctory 
over- 
must 


LETTERS,  &6.  ^ 

be  renounced.  A*  it  will  he  impossible  to  deceive  fi.« 
infinitely  wise  and  omnipotent  Judge  by  craft  and  lubtir 
ty,  as  men  have  deceived  their  own  «nn?/      «"«  subtle- 

"^niist  in  their  own  consciences,  in  order  to  trv  «i,Ho» 

condemLd^  '  r"*"'  '^'""^'  "'""''''  "«  'eprovcd"  «  d 
to  theT^hMhat  ullTf."""'  ""i"  '"'""'  «""'!•  -^-meth 
they  are'wrougit  1:  God"-'  "'"^  '"  """'"  '"=""'-•  "-« 

du!J?'I„:'r.?ot"!l''r'""  '""'^^•'•■'ge  i«  confcsed  to  !,e  » 
Noth""'  i  laSXf  "*  1!  ^^  '"■'"'"vvledged  a  .in.  . 
.i"diced  spirit  onn;Sir;',:",fer.;  T"''  ""."^  ""''™- 
knowledge  of  eve.; ess'enL  '  u"  "  i:^ tTcS"'""* 
selves,  and  our  fcll<>w.inpn_,„,i       i  ""'  """'- 

dedication  of  our     odi^  sTui"    "V"'""^'-  ""'•''*«"cd 
to  enable  us  to  uerfo  m  t'h.  "'"' .^P'""  ""to  (5od, 

our  own  comf  rf  i„  "'  '^L^'r  '"  »"'»«  ""^ep.ance 
efit  of  our  fJliovtilThereWe'":- "''•"'  ""■'""  '"'»■ 
man  is  utterly  left  withotu  t^.  I     .     ,7.  ^J^r'  ""'^ 

«  river,  and  the"  r 'hte^l  '""  '"',""''' '''""'  '"^'-''''^ 
"  How  oft  wo„H  1  I  avrr  r'  "'.  ""'"*'  "*■ "'«  "■-'"•" 
Christ  to  the  in  orri^TeTew^ras-rr  '""'^"   f'""" 

ve  "     ♦♦  V«  „  11         ^  ^"ost,  Hs  your  fathers  did.  «!o  Ho 

from  hiswavs  andll  f "    '.'.  t"/.. '*■«'  ""'  '^'^k^d  '"rn 


uOi; 


What 


- ■  -uitu     i 


"iZ'ZT'l^'^  -'">  the  Lord -God.^'t] 


ha 


ve 


lorth  fruit,  behold  I  it  bro 
But  if  y 


that  it  should 


lat  I  have 


light  forth  wild  fru 


it 


ou  acknowledge  that  the  Spirit  of  Ch 


j» 


bring 


rist  never 


84 


LETTERS,  &c 


i 


!  1 


I 


led  good  christians  io  th«  field  of  batile  to  perpetrate 
these  bloody  and  murderous  deeds,  you  admit  with  me 
that  soldiers  in  the  field  of  battle  could  not  possess  or 
be  led  by  the  spirit  of  Christ,  and  if  they  'had  not'  or 
were  not  *  led  by  his  spirit*,  eternal  truth  hath  declared 
tney  were    none  of  his,'  notwithstanding  their^high  pro- 
fessions.    And  if  they  were  *  none  of  his,*  every  honest 
man  must  admit  they  could   not  possibiy  be  christians 
or  entitled  to  the  christian  name,  [which  distinguishing 
appellation  means  nothing  more  nor  less  than  followers 
and  imitators  of  Christ]  while  fiercely  engHged  in  bloody 
•onflict—piercing  each  others  vitals,  and  spilling  each 
others  souls  into  the  shades  of  eternity.     When  it  is 
certain  every  soul  must  of  necessity  go  to  his  own  place, 
as  Judas  went  to  his— must  go  to  the  place  which  is  suited 
to  the  state  and  quality,  temper  and  disposition  of  mind 
in  which  hefoundhis  enjoyments  in  '  those  deeds  which 
were  done  in  the  body,  whether  they  were  good  or  whe- 
ther they  were  evil.'     For  it  is  morally  impossible  that 
a  soul  could  find  any  enjoyment  out  of  its  own  element, 
any  more  than  the  fish  of  the  sea  out  of  their  proper, 
natural  element,  the  water,  when  carried  to  dry  land. 

Now  soldiers  who  die  in  the  field  of  battle,  murdering 
and  murdered,  being  accustomed,   and  indeed   required 
by  their  profession  of  war,  to  indulge  all  the  hateful,  in- 
jurious and  destroying  passions  of  their  regenerate  souls 
against  the  superior  excellence  of  the  meek  and  peacea- 
ble, loving,  benevolent   and  forgiving  dispositions  and 
qualities  of  heavenly-mindedness,  must  in  the  nature  of 
things  place  them  (admiting  the  .  possibility  of  receiving 
theirf  in  that  state  into  the  regions   of  eternal  joy  and 
peace,  the  kingdom  of  Heaven,)  in  a  state  of  torture, 
torment  and  misery,  where  every  object  that  can  strike 
the  eye  or  touch  the  soul,  is  in   its  nature  calculated  to 
inspire  gratitud?^  and  adoration,  with  joys  unspeakable 
and  full  of  glory,  in  the  breast  of  every  pure  and  peace- 
ful inhabitant,  must  uecessarily  excite  all  the  contrary 
painful  emotions  in  their  carnal  and   warring   minds, 
which  are  at  enmity  against  the  law  of  God— not  subject 
to  his  law  in  any  thing,   neither  indeed  can  be,  in  that 
warring  and  rebellious  state.      For  what   concord   can 
subsist  between  Christ   and  antiChrist?    Heaven  and 
hell  1  The  God  of  peace  and  the  god  of  war  1  The  seed 
©f  the  woman  and  the  seed  of  the  serpantt    Between 


erpetrate 
with  me 
tossess  or 
d  not'  or 
declared 
high  pro- 
ry  honest 
hristians 
guiflhing 
rollowers 
in  bloody 
ing  each 
ben  it  if 
^n  place, 
is  suited 
of  mind 
ds  which 
I  or  whc- 
ible  that 
element, 
proper, 
1^  land, 
iirdering 
required 
teful,  in- 
ate  souls 
peacea- 
Dns  and 
ature  of 
eceiving 
joy  and 
torture, 
n  strike 
lated  to 
eakable 
i  peace- 
ontrary 
minds, 
subject 
iu  that 
rd   can 
en  and 
be  seed 
ietween 


LETTERS,  &e.  3^ 

ora7miTorwl"a^'r""^^''*'  -id«^««ti"^  Prefession 
01  arms  f  Ur  what  communion  bei ween  love  and  hatri-H 

peace  and  war?  Just  the  same  concord  and  communion' 
that  subsists  between  "  Peace-makers"  and  "  waT  mak- 
InJ'^"  ^"encls  and  advocates  of  peace,  and  the  friends 
and  advocates  of  war."      And  dying  as  they  live    r«n 
no  more  be  united  in  spirit,  mind  a^d  aSioLs  than 
they  were  in  th.s  earthly  state  of  probation  and    'rial- 
can  no  more  rejo.ce  together  in  the  spiritual  and  eternll 
world    than  they  did  in  this;    when  the  former  w" re 
breahmg  out  heavenly  benevolence,  "peace  Zd  ^ood 
will."  w.th  forgiveness  of  injuries  to  their  feUowl.n 
and  the  latter  breathing  out  sliughter  a„3  death,  de^ru": 
tion  and  murder,  to  their  fellow-brethren,  whom  hefr  rP« 

ZTnt  'JZ'  "'"  P^^^^^^  ''  ^«"  enemieltoTach  o  h^  ■ 
And  as  all  these  opposite  characters  while  on  ear^h  r« 

in '  to  the  Go^nJjT  ""?  ^"^^^'"^"ts.  whether  belong! 
ing  to  the  fcrospel  Kingdom  of  love  and    neace   nr  IL 

opposing  kingdom  of  hatred  and   war       cZlll        ^ 
while  remaining  inthese  opposite  stmes  in^h.     ^"!"''r 
and  eternal  wo?ld.cannot  in  the  natnr«  nf^K      ^P»''t"«». 
the  same  region,  dwell  in  tVZlTZ-  '^'"^''  '*^^'''n 
pate  in  the 'same  enjoy  Int^^^^^^  P«^^^«- 

dirs  of  J(.«ii.  rh,:..  "  1!  °'  ''"  professed  "sol- 

all  the  children  of  H"i"5.?„l''''!'«''_«'«  J'"?S'"«'«  of 
and  above  whatTstrLn  ^"f-  ""*«P«"<'ently  of  him, 

-.  hap  >:  rhS;  v^d  oSo^ti- h': 


30 


LETTERS,  &c. 


! 


1 


only  true  Fountain  and  Source  of  all  hnppinosa,  life  nnd 
felicity.     And  as  this  crooked  serpent,  who  is  the  devil 
and  satan — the  great  red  drngon  and  niolock  of  war,  has 
**  transformed  himself  into  an  angel  of  light,"  and  "  his 
ministers  into  professed  ministers  of  riixlitcousness,"  so 
he  has  succeeded  in  estahlishingr  both  a  flexible  standard 
•  of  morality  and  a  flexible  standard   of  charity,  among 
all  the  natio:ts  of  professed  Christendom.     Both  staud- 
ards  in  opposition  to  the  morality    and  charity  of  the 
Gospel,  being  brought  forth  by   the  wisdom   from  be- 
neath, which  is  earthly,  sensual  and  develish;    and  both 
designed  to  support  the  kingdom  of  darkness  and  the 
•mpTre  of  satan  in  the  hearts  of  men.     The  one  to  bend 
to  all  the  hateful  and  malignant  passions  of  men  and  to 
all  the  anti-christian  customs,  laws   and  usages   of  this 
world,  lying  in  wickedness;  and  the  other  to  serve  as  a 
cloak  for  all  their  murderous  crimes  and  abominations!! 
Now  if  the  true  import  of  charity  is  love,  which  we 
hope  none  will  have  the  sbameleaness  to  dispute,  we  sol- 
emnly ask  the  champions  for  war,  (who  are  constantly 
crying  up  their  own  charity,  and  crying  down  the  chari- 
ty of  Peace  Societies,)  whether  our  charity,   or  univer- 
sal benevolence,  love  and  good  will  to  all  men,  is  not 
more  clearly  manifesited  to  the   world— more   usefully 
employed,  and  much  more  profitably  exercised  in  active 
benevolent  exertions  to  enlighten,  convince  and   reform 
mankind  from  the  sins  and  iniquities  of  their  past  lives 

from  the  gross    and  dreadful    delusions— the  gudty 

crimes  and  cruel  ravages  of  war,  ar;d  from  all  the  de- 
moralizing customs,  destructive  vices  and  barbarous 
usages,  introduced  and  maintained  in  the  world  through 
its  corrupting  influence,  than  in  resisting  the  sun-beams 
of  truth  and  conviction,  and  attempting  to  smooth  over 
the  blackest  crimes  which  men  or  devils  could  commit, 
with  the  varnish  of  what  is  falsely  called  "charity,"  by 
extenuating  the  guilt  or  entirely  justifying  if  not  ap- 
plaudinir  "  mighty  "and  abandoned  murderers,",  the  legal- 
ized robbers  and  violaters  of  the  rights  of  God  and  man, 
whom  every  honest  aiid  unprejudiced  mind  must  consid- 
er as  guUty  of  the  most  cold-hearted,  deliberate,  pre- 
meditated and  wanton  murders,  wo!  to  say  any  ihing  of 
the  idolatry,  hi  ispherny,  perjury  robbery,  adultery,  and 
all  other  kin«ls  of  debauchery,  inseparably  connected 
with  ail  armies  in  all  wars. 


(life  nnd 
he  devil 
war,  has 
ind  "  his 


»» 


ncsfl,  so 
standard 
r,  among 
th  8taud- 
y  of  tho 
from  be- 
and  both 

and  the 
e  to  bend 
in  and  to 
9  of  this 
erve  as  a 
national! 
v'hich  we 
,e,  we  soU 
onstantiy 
:he  chari- 
r  univer- 
n,  is  not 
usefully 

in  active 
d  reform 
jast  lives 
he  guilty 
1  the  de- 
barbarous 
d  through 
un-beams 
ooth  over 
d  commit, 
arity,"  by 
f  not  ap- 
'the  legal- 

and  man, 
1st  consid- 
rate,  pre- 
y  tniiig  Oi 
Itery,  and 
connected 


LETTERS,  &o.  97 

Dear  Friend,— I  now  submit  this  all  important  iiiblect 
to  your  tNui.lid  and  impartial  investigation,  haviii;?  h».en 
led  to  tedious  prolixity,  and  to  an  almost  iiivolunlury  di- 
gression from  the  important  hut  long  neglected  suhiect  of 
civihzed  ^rovernmerit  with  which  I  commenced,  but  to 
winch  I  may  call  your  attention  in  a  future  letter,  if 
favored  with  health  and  opportunity. 

Most  earnestly  praying  for  the  blessings  of  the  God  of 
reace,  upon  the  benevolent  exertions  of  all  the  peace- 
making followers  of  the  redeeming  Prince  of  PeaceTn 
•very  nation,  kind.ed  and  clime,  and  in  the  true  chanty 

lie.  V  -^HTr.   'if '"^'"'^^  ^"\""?  ^^"'"  *»*PPi"««s  «nd  fe- 
Jtci  y  and  the  happiness  and  felicity  of  all  the  members 

01  the  human  family,  in  every  nation  under  heaven, 
i  subscribe  myself your's  unfeigncdiy, 

John  Casey. 

m    r  X    n       ,    «  Beverly,  Nov.  15, 1825. 

Tp  John  Beverly  Rohison.  Esq,  Attorney  General  of  U 
^  C.  and M.  P.P.  York.  *^      * 

Sir, 

As  an  Agent  for  circulatinff  Peace  Traota   o«^ 

you  aa  a  t.i»ilian,  on  the  important,  but  much  ne.rlp,.,«j 
subject  of  Civilized  and  Christian  govern""  n,^'' 
1  conBdeutly  trust,  Sir,  you  are  already  convinced  that 
the  8p,r..  and  genius  of  the  holy  and  benevolent  ^H 
g.ou  of  Jesu,  has  laid  the  fmndation  of  civ.l  Kov^rn 
^«-t,  .n  that  just.ce  and  mercy,  w-hich  the  Th^on/"f 
eit-rnal  Justice  and  mercy,  imperiously  requires  all  >. 
n||n,8ter.og  servants,  and  indeed  e«e.y  sou?of  maa  .■  . 

ZT^t  'J\7"""''"«  ««''»'-d»  in  fhi.  prob"?"n«';; 
stale,)  m„ari«%  to  exercise  in  every  po,sibl«  si  ,a,?,Z 
and  re  ation  of  mortal  life.  It  beinj  und.n  ablv^  "Ir 
tha  an  the  nation,  of  the  earth,  are  bli,  s.,  r^^yl^^X 
es  of  Adam's  numerous  posteritv-all  „„«  race  made 
of  oue  flesh  and  one  blood,  a,  th«  „r,.„,  i,...'°L  '.'"!:'• 
«e«rile»  .estifies,  and  all  brethren  alidn;,^!,;;:         h^ 

=otWithstand.ugmaxim»a,.^  lu^v^.o!'  injustice,  tyraJn? 


/ 


^ 


LETTERS,  &c. 


and  every  species  of  rebellion  against  God,  and  cruellv 
to  wan,  have  been  actod  upon  for  r.ges  and  even  Jen  u- 
nes   hy  a// the  warring  kingdoms  of^his  world,  by  those 
prole8«,ng  Chr,«tianiry,  as  much  as  those  professing  Ma^ 
Wtanisin  and  Paganism;    truth   and  honesty Vom- 
pellmg  „s  to  own  that  while  many  nations  of  the  earTh 
VvoSessedphn^X  ,„  ^ords.  in   works  they   virluallv  and 
prncticariy  dmied  him.     The  religion  of  Jesus   Lera 
lively  commands  them  to  abandon^heir  inS  eTand 
anti  christian  practices-turn  to  the  Lord  whh  full  pur- 

rwrLIlTorm"^/^  ^-^^^  '-^^-'^^  dangeraJdZe 

The  authority  of  Heaven  requires  all  nations  and 
all  classes  of  men  upon  the  ftice  of  the  earth,  to  repeal 
and  abrogate  every  unjust,  oppressive  and  anti-chrisUan 
la^,  and  abolish  every  barbarous  and  unchristian  cus- 
Irj  i^r  never  more  enact  any  law  in  opposition  to  the 
revealed  laws  of  Heaven,  nor  erer  act  upon  any  other 
policy  but  the  purely  pacific  and  infallibly  sound  policy 
of  the  gospel,  which  would  happily  cause  justice  to  re- 
sume her  seat  and  administer  rigliteous  judgment  with- 
out  delay.  .       "     ** 

Then  it  is  certain,  no  wrnier  of  the  great  and  numer- 
ous  family  of  Adam,  could  suffer  the  smallest  oppression 
or  injustice  m  order  to  confer  temporal  advaniaffee  up- 
on others  beyond  their  proper  due— or  to  support  th« 
haughty  ambition  or  splendid  appearance  of  any  man 
or  number  of  men,upon  the  face  of  the  earth.  No,  nor 
yet  for  the  honor  or  aggrandizement  of  the  proudest 
monarch,  seated  on  his  throne  of  state. 

These  just  and  equitable  laws  of  Heaven,  a^-e  pro- 
elaimed  aloud  to  the  hearts  and  consciences  of  all  men 
by  the  mice  of  Omnipotence  itself.     Though  not  throueh 
the  medium  of  the  letter  of  the  Gospel, or  his"  Ambas- 
sadors of  Peace;"   for  the  wisdom   ©f  the  Father  hath 
declared  that  they  who  have  nonhe  written  laiv  of  God  " 
*  do  actually  ahew  forth  the  works  of  the  law  written  iu 
their  hearts;   their  consciences  bearing  them  witness, 
and  their  lh(.ughts  the  mean  while,  either  accusinc  or  else 
excusing  them.'      And  as  they  are  thus  proclaimed  to 
tiic  uearts  ana  consciences  of  all  men,  we  are  certain 
they  bow  not,  neither  make  obeisance  to  the  highest 
earihb^  monarch  that  rules  among  men.      Christianity 
marches  without  fear  into  the  palace  of  the  king— she 


LETTERS,  &e.  99 

accosts  him  with  an  air  of  dignity,  as  be  sits  upon  the 
throne,  and  in  a   tone  of  anthority  proclaims,   '  He  that 
ruleth  over  man,  must  be  just,  ruling  in  the  foir  of  God.' 
*rom  thence  she  goes   into  the  hall  of  Judgment,  and 
with  the  mein  of  a  superior,  thus  addresses  the  Judges, 
as  ihey  sit  upon  the  tribunal  of  justice,  *  Ye  shall  not  real 
pect  persons  in  judgment ;  plead  the  cause  of  the  wid- 
ow and  fatherless ;  rid  the  needy  out  of  the  hand  of  the 
oppressor."     With  no  less  authority,  she  enters  the  cir- 
cles of  all  the  families  of  the  earth,  and  with  the  digni- 
ty ot  a  sovereign,  commands  *  Fathers  provoke  not  your 
Children  to  wrath,  but  bring  them  up  in  the  nurture  and 
admonition  of  the  Lord.'    And  with  the  same  imperial 

Th^iT  fMr'^r"*^"^';/^^"^.'*"  ""^^y  ^«"''  ^^••^"t^  »n  «'» 

things  for  thw  iH  well  pleasing  unto  the  Lord.'— Col.  3, 
t^A  ""T-  '*'®"/^®  ®^®  goes  into  the  streets  of  the  city, 
«nhj//r  !'™u  *l""1  '**  *"  P^^P'^'  *  J^«t  every  soul  be 
hn^Z^A  ^^u  ^''^^^'  P""^^'-^'^  ^'^r  'here  is  no  power 
whM«L        I'^V''"'®"*^^**^®'  are  ordained  of  God; 

tWiZj.     /  ^"^'.«"'^  they  that  resist  shall  receive  to 

iefvt  h  r"^''°"-  ■"^"™^"''  *3>1'2-  'SObmityour. 
pelves  therefore,   to  every  ordinance  of  man  for  the 

J;nors  tt''  "^'"^'^^  '"^  '^"««  -  -P--«'  or"  Zgov- 
•rnors  who  are  appointed  by  them  for  the  punishment 

of  evil  doers  ard^the  praise  of  them  that  do  Ll."Tpe! 
Iro  n  ,  ?®"^®''  therefore  to  Cesar,  the  things  which 
are  Cesar's,  but  unto   God,  the  things  'which  beTod's.' 

Soc^^LrLr'n "''""'/'  ^'^'  *'"''"^'  *hat  all  Peace 
societies,  and  all   pacific  denominations  in  the  world 

rmr^hatVuht"'"' ^"^  P'^'^^^^  precept  aL  ex! 
S  uHon  'f  1'"''"  ""^  subjection  to  the  office  and 
institution  of  civil  government,  so  wisely  and  carefully 

eS  Ifi;  ^/'^'a  «5^,«K**-'.  in  their  sTu^ 
nrnfi  ii'  T^^\^^  ""''^^^  ^y  the  Spirit  of  God,  »and 
tiwictL'n^*''  ^"?''»"^'  ^'^^  reproof,  for  correation  a^d 
Te  oerf^^^^^^  righteousness;  that  the  man  of  God  may 
„nr  lN*'"r"^hly  furnished  unto  every  good  word 
and  work.'  And  as  fully  believe  '  that  all%fwer  lof 
denHir      .-■-'—"#  "i  iieaven,  earth  or  hell,  indepen- 

tinn  .^  1  '"  '"  e^'s'ence  <>ne  moment  in  ooonsi 

tnr      A  ''""<";  ««'<'i«e'l  for  their  8„«pe„«on"  iver- 
tl.ro«r  or  destruction,  he  being  Ki^g  of  kings.  Wd  of 


4# 


LtlTTERS,  &«. 


!  i 


IK 


zZnX  r.h:z^  '"'ir  n"""  '"""^''  "-"-'^ 

.«me^  Tl^  T'"'^'''"''  -"'  P"''i»l'«ble  by  L  for  the 

«"!««    and  ..Lh'""".?"^  '"'''"'•  "■«  some  Spirit  of  ,. 

who  e  courlt   of  f.^  P""""  of  the  earth,  through  the 

deaths^ Zde:rtai'''l'".rinhe''we,,T''    '""'"''"'"' 

of  all  the  Apostles/prlriUVhWsra' .^":*fi"/er;ct 
es  and  h.ly  martyrs,  from  St.  PhuI's  da/to   he  d  "sent 

Whole  .cope.  d;if..^r„:rdr;;  oTr'CTeri^Lm 

gent  mind,  as  the  same  identical  doctrines  and  nrinciiile. 

versa  My  amung  men,  (.,r  the  promotion  of  the  hi.rhest 
andcnefest  and  best  good,  temporal  and  spiritual  of 
the  whole  human  family.  »P'"iuai,  ot 

All  Peace  Societies  and  pacific  Denominations  main 
tain  by  profe..io„  and  practieo,  that  all  suS.r  are 
bound  by  the  Uws  of  Go<l,  to  yield  active  obedience   o 

e  V  n^'ton'"!,  /'""'"."""  '"•''"■  ''"y  "»">«  «"<«  of V"" 
ery  nation,  as  far  as  these  several  ruling  powers  obey 

God,  and  rule  in  the  riglu  spirit  of  tbeirltation!      Vea 

.!?„■,;,"  "f  e  •'"  ","■'  "'*"*'■  PowPfs  are  subject  unto  the 
'Jather  of  Spirits,'  who  is  the  highest  ruling  Power  over 
arid  .hove  all  the  hi.,her  powers  If  Heaven,  eanh  and 
heU,-yea,  the  highest  Suvereign,  creating    upholding 


JU.. 


iiord  andf 
thiy   pow- 
reequHlly 
than   the 
ne  in  the 
evil,' and 
n  for  the 
esistauce 
rj   inter- 
t  extend 
esistance 
tyrs  and 
?  powers 
iotijsub- 
lirit  of  <?- 
■d   those 
^e  prini- 
Jandf^x- 
►ugh  the 
mphant 
example 
church- 
present 
a  nation 
d   non- 
ith   the 
^anient, 
intelli- 
nciples 
kte  uni- 
liighest 
tual,  of 

main- 
ts  are 
nee  to 

of  ev- 

obey 

yea, 
bigher 
to  the 
rover 
i  and 
>ldit)g 


LETTERS,  &c.       "^  41 

and  delegating  power,  from  whom  all  men  have  derived 

and  blessmg  they  enjoy,  and  to  whom  they  mu8t  render 
anaceo.,„t,or  the  use   and  improvement^onhe  same/ 
when  he  comes  to  enquire  and  demand.  ♦  What  ha.tS 

aZ  TVuV'^''^'  "loney  r-^thy  Wd Vtllents  r!! 
And   to   whose   sovereign  authority  and   Jaws    all  th« 

unfc"'TP"^!!;^''^^«^  ,,r.ctfy  comm:nded%nS 
under  as  solemn  obligations  to  yield  implicit  submission 
and  u„,,ed  obedience,  as  the  lowest ^leasantThS 
land.  But  when  rulers  r€6e/ ajrainst  God— reLl  J.K 
jection  to  the  Father  of  Spirits-abuse  the  office  a.^d 
IZ(ZI'  P^-^^^"^ authority,  rule  not  in  t^fLr^f 
SDiri't  IV  /'^P"''Pr  *^^  '^^'''  «ta^ion)  but  rule  in  Ihe 
rdlorern  7"'/''^'  <lestroyer,)-LtabIish  imqidt^ 
and  oppression  by  law— authorize  the  wanton  viol«  inJ 

¥Zl  ?f  their  subject's  consciences  trwardsthe  'God  ^f 

S:i- 7L'-„i  s^-n  r  rr  "^  -/;;-; 

fer  fro»  the  -ve^' h^^uLr'".  tfTvere'r .'t 

tempera,: ^ZtlcX^L:  Xr' d'""'""/"" 
p.nst  all  such  abuses  of  iwerLrf.ffi  P"""ed,  a- 

himseir:^drhi7ht  r"'f''  of  .1.  io„,/s; -; 

and  St.  Johl  ^         '"'^  Apostles,  fet.  Foul,   St.  Pete^*%,. 
This  heaveni;-  doctrine  of  non-rmsCmce  and  p^ 


43 


LETTERS,  See. 


I 


sMfcwimion,  here  elucidated  by  the  holy  Apostlea,  is  the 
very  identical  doctrine  which  the  glorious  Prince  of 
Peace  so  impressively  taught,  and  so  strongly  and  repeat- 
edly urged  in  his  incomparable  and  divine  sermons  on 

'        ul^^  ""^  **"  '*^®  P'*'"'  ^''®"  ^^  proclaimed  aloud 
to  all  who  have  ears  to  hear  his  heart-searchino-,  soul- 
humbhng,  and  self-denying  do«trine:  *l  say  un°o  you 
which  hear,  love  your  enemies,  bless  them  that  curse 
you,  do  good  to  them  which  hate  you,  and  prav  for  them 
who  despitefully  use  and   persecute  you.*      'Again    ve 
have  heard  it  hath  been  said  by  them  of    old   time   *  an 
eye  for  an  eye,  and  a  tooth  for  a  tooth,'  but  I  say  unto 
you,  resist  not  evil,  but  if  a  man  smite  you  on  one  cheek 
turn  to  him  the  other  also.'      Or  as  Doctor  Cambell 
translates  it, 'Resist  not  the  injurious;'  which  refers  to 
both  private  and  public  injury  by  smitings  or  buffettino-s, 
either  by  one  or  a  company  of  evil  persons,  and  has  oft- 
en extended  to  death  itself;  as  in  the  case  of  some   of 
the  Apostles  and  other  christian  martyrs,  who  were  ston- 
ed to  death,  beaten  with  clubs,  &c. 

*  Submit  yourselves  therefore,  to  every  ordinance  of 
man,  for  the  Lord's  sake,   whether  to  kings,  as  supreme 
or  unto  governors,'  &c.    That  is,  where  it  is  impossible 
upon  the  principles  of  reason,  justice,  and  conscience, 
to  obey  an  onti-christian  mandate,  whether  a  law  com- 
manding Pagan  idolatry  and  sacrifice  to  deified  Pagan 
warriors,  or  commanding  to  imitate  their  blood-thirsty 
gods,  in  the  murdering  conflict  of  war,  ♦  Resist  not'  the 
operation  of  their  barbarous  laws,  but  submit  yourselves 
to  every  fine,  imprisonment,  torture  and  death  which  the 
ordinance  of  man  inflicts  as  a  penalty  upon   noncon- 
formists ;  •  And  this  do  for  the  Lord's  sake.'— In  obedi- 
ence to  his  commands  and  imitation  of  his  patient  and 
suffering  example,  '  For  if  ye  suffer  with  him,  ye  shall 
also  reign  with  him  ;'    'And  if  ye  suffer  for  righteous- 
ness sake,  happy  are  ye,  for  the  spirit  and  glory  of  Christ 
resteth  upon  you.'     On  their  part  he  is  evil  spoken  of,  but 
on  your  part  he  is  glorified.     Be  not  then  afraid  of  theii- 
terror,  neither  be  dismayed,  but  sanctify  the  Lord  God  in 
your  hearts.     Always  remembering  him  who  hath  said, 
*i  will  never  leave  thee— never  forsake  thee;'  and  'As 
ihy  day  is,  so  shall  thy  strength  be.'     For  God  is  merci- 
ful, who  will  not  suflTer  you  to  be  tempted  above  what  you 
*-»•©  able  to  boar;  but  with  every  temptation,  he  will  make 


.>Li- 


€ 


LETTERS,  &.€, 


4» 


i»i  is  the 
Prince  of 
id  repeat- 
mons  on 
led  aJoud 
ng,  soul- 
Jnto  you 
lat  curse 
for  them 
gain,  ye 
ime,  *an 
say  unto 
le  cheek, 
Cumbell 
refers  to 
Settings, 
has  oft- 
some   of 
sreston- 

ance  of 
upreme, 
possible 
science, 
iw  com- 
I  Pagan 
-thirsty 
not*  the 
irselves 
lich  the 
on-con- 
obedi- 
}nt  and 
e  shall 
hteous- 
Christ 
of,  but 
)f  their 
God  in 
ii  said, 
ad  *  As 
merci- 
at  you 
[  make 


way  for  your  escape,  that  you  may  be  able  to  bear  it. 

Therefore  we  may  boldly  say, » the  Lord  is  our^helper ; 
we  will  not  fear  what  man  can  do  unto  us.' — 'And  who  is 
he  flmt  can  harm  us  if  we  are  followers  of  that  which  is 
g«od,' — '  for  all  are  yours,  whether  life  or  death,  things 
present  or  things  to  come — all  are  yours,  and  you  are 
Christ's,  and  Christ  is  God's.' 

With  my  best  wishes  and  most  fervent  prayers  that 
you  and  every  soul  of  man,  on  the  habitable  globe,  may 
become  in  deed  and  in  truth,  in  temper  and  in  practice, 
the  followers  of  the  Lamb  of  God, 
I  subscribe  myself,  Sir, 

your's  respectfully, 

John  Casey. 


Oxford,  November  20,  1825. 
To  Paul  Peterson,  Esq.  M.  P.  P.  Kingston. 
Respected  Friend, 

To  me  it  appears  an  undeniable  truth  that  the  holy 
Apostles  of  the  Prince  of  Peace,  (who  all  spake  and 
wrote  as  they  were  moved  by  the  Holy  Ghost)  strenu- 
ously maintained  the  gospel  doctrine   of  non-resistance 
and  passive,  submission,  as  their  Divine  Master,   by  pre- 
cept and  example  had  done  before  them.     But  it  appears 
equally  undeniable  by  the  whole  tenor  of  their  conduct 
and  writings,  that  they  refused   implicit  obedience   or 
active  compliance  to  every  law  of  the  land,  and  every 
command  of  the  'higher  powers,'  which  they  knew  to 
be  opposed  to  the  laws  and  authority  of  Christ.     Which 
testimony  against  implicit,  unconditional  obedience  to 
earthly  ruler's,  the  Apostles  of  Christ  sealed  with  their 
own  blood,  as  did  thousands  of  other  intrepid  and  mag- 
nanimous soldiers  of  the  Prince  of  Peace,  boldly  main- 
taining that  we  should  obey  God  rather  than  man,  and 
if  suffering  proved  the  consequence,  meekly  and  joy- 
fully endure  it. 

St.  Paul's  testimony  against  resistance  is  principally 

chapter  and  2d  verse.  Thus  saith  the  Apostle,  "  Who. 
soever  therefore  resisteih  the  power,  resisteth  the  ordi- 
nance of  God,  and  they  that  resist  (that  is,  place  them- 
selves in  a  state  of  opposing  hostility  ;  set  thpmselves  i^i 


44 


LETTERS,  &c. 


' 


^S/ 


m 


battle  urraj,  and  repel  force  by  force,  as  the  best  Greek 
.chola|«  explain  the  term,)  shili  receive  to  themselves 
damnation,  (or  judgment  of  condemnation.)  hlTt^'.Ts 
^hat  no  pacific  denoa.ination  of  Christians,  nor  Peace 
Society  in  any  part  of  the  world  ever  did,  nor  indeed 
can  do,  without  utterly  renouncing  the  pac  fie  princhdes 
of  the  Gospel,  and  virtually  and  practically  denvinff 
Christ,  who  bought  them."  ^  aenying 

Yet,  wonderful   to  relate,  some  of  the  passionately 
zealous  opposers  of  Peace  Societies  and  pacffic  Z om- 
na  ions,  have  the  eff-rontery  to  assert  from  the  puIi^t 
hat     mne-tenths  of  those  pacific,  benevolent  and  Chri  ! 
tian  societies,  are  conscientious  rebels  against  government 
and  refuse  to  fight  from  cowardice:^    And  hfve  "; 
declared  from  the  pulpit,  which  my  own  ears  have  heard 
repeated  twice  over,  "  that  it  makes  no  difference   o 
Christian  subjects,    whether  their  rulers  are  Christians 
or  devils,  they  are  bound  by  the  gospel  to  obey    he"' 
laws;"  and  nr  the  next  breath  boldly  asserted,  (without 
attempting  a  shadow  of  proof,)  »  for  all  the  laws  of  the 
and  are  founded  upon  the  laws  of  God.",  But  this  doc! 
trine  is  so  palpably  false  that  I  cannot  think  anv  Priest 
or  Politician  on  earth,  sincerely  believes  it.     Then  after 
scornfully  denouncing  the   friends    and    advocates   ef 
Pe^ace  as  conscientious  rebels  against  ffovernment,  and 

htm  .If  7     ''  r^"  ^''t  P'^^^^^i^^g  preacher,  wh;  had 
h.mseit  (acc(Tding  to  his  own  confession  and  the  con- 
fesMon  ot  hundreds  of  his  professing  brethren.)  fouffht 
and  prayed,  and  shouted  glory  to  his  god  in  the  highest 
strain,  ID  the  battle  of  Queenston ;  and  who  declared 
m  my  own  heanng,  and  the  hearing  of  a  number  of  his 
own  church,,  that  he  would  cheerfully  march  to  the  field 
ot  battle  again,  if  occasion  should  require  it,  he  vehe- 
mently exc  aimed,  "  It  was  rebellion  that  cast  down  ha- 
tan  anrl  all  his  angels  from  Heaven  to  hell— It  was  rel.ell- 
ion  that  east  ont  Adam  and  Eve  from  Paradise-It  was 
rebellM.n  that  brought  all  the  sin,  misery  and  torment  o^ 
our  woHd,  under  which  it  lies :  and  it  is  rebellion  that 
will  sink  sinners  into  endless  perdition." 
^Thereby  craftily  endeavoring,  not  only  to  prejudice 
a«u  person  tne  mmas  ol  his  hearers  against  the  loving, 
penr  cable,  forbearing  and  forgiying  doctrine  of  Christ 
Jesus  the  meek  and  lowly  Saviour-the  Prince  of  Peace. 
>V  hicb  so  strongly  condemned  his  sanguinary  spirit,  prin- 


VttfcSi'i- 


LETTERS,  dtc. 


45 


0iple«,  preaching  and  practice  of  war;  with  so  many 
Priests  and  Politicians,  and  thousands  of  tiie  pi(*us  vota- 
ries of  the  orod  of  war;  but  by  chargini?  nine  tenths  of 
all  those  Peace  Societies  and  pacific  denominations  with 
"c.»nscieniious  rebellion  and  cowardice,'  and  then  clmr- 
giiig  all  the  sin,  misery  and  torment  <»f  men  and  devils 
to  the  crime  of  rebellion  ;  and  concludinir  u\^  falsely  «|»- 
plied  denunciations  by  stamping  withhi^s  f(»ot,  and  smiting 
with   hie  fist  upon  the    temporary    pulpit,  exclaiming 
with  a  loud  voice,  *  and  it  is  rebellion  that  will  sink  sit^ 
mrs  into  endless  perdition;"  it  appeared   very  evident  to 
me,  that  all  his  craft  and  inurenuiiy  were  exercised  to 
terrify  and  affrij^ht  the  feeble  minded  Christian—strength- 
en all  the  malififnant,  warring  passions  of  the  unregene- 
rate;  and  if  possible,  lead  eveij  incautious  mind  to  be- 
JK've  that  nine-tenths  of  all  those  pacific  denominations, 
and  Peace  Societies   were   actuHlly  guilty  of  rebellion, 
and  consequently  (as  they   die  of  ilie   same  mind  and 
principle)  must  inevitably  sink  into  endless  perdition. 

Now,  though  rebellion  be  unquestioably  the  cause  of 
all  the  curse,  torment,  sin  and  misery ^  that  men  or  devils 
ever  did,  or  ever  will  endure  ;  on  what  principle  of  reason, 
justice,  honesty  or  religion,  can  such  preachers  and  wri- 
ters, with  their  adherents,  hejusti^edm  such  false  ac- 
cusations, and  such  bare  faced,  palpablv  wroncr  appli- 
cations, of  condemning  sentences  to  the  friends'^and  ad- 
Tocat«s  of  Peace;  whose  benevolent  exertions  are  not 
confined  to  any  one  nation,  or  parlicular/orm  of  trovern- 
ment,but  embrace  in  the  arms  of  uni\ersalbenf'v'olem?e 
all  the  governments,  nations  and  families  of  the  whole 
earth. 

We  boldly  and  honestly  appeal  to  the  records  of  all 
the  Emperors,  Kings,  Presidents  and  Gorernora,  in  the 
warring  nations  of  Christendom,  since  the  establishment 
ot  Christ's  peaceful  religion  in  the  world,  by  the  sword 
ot  the  Spirit,  (which  is  the  word  of  God,)  concerning 
the  uniform  profession  and  well  ined  practice  of  Christ 
and  his  Apostles— the  primitive  churches,  for  270  years 
after  them,  (that  is,  10  long  as  the  lamp  of  Christianity 

burnt  brorht  nnA   unarii.ifo»af«j  \  iu-    _     •         .^^ 

,        I     F'At "'"j^JiaicM,;  tsic   pure  ana  pacinc 

church  of  Christ,  from  the  fourth  century  to  the  seven- 
teenth, aistinguished  by  a  variety  of  appellations,  such 
as  the  *  MYTICKS,'  the  '  WALDENSES.'  *  ALBI- 
liENSES/    *CATHARI.»-VAL1DQ1S,'    •PAUU- 


¥ 


LETTERS,  &c. 


CUNS,  &c.    And  the  pacific  churches  from  that  cen- 
tiuy  ti»  the  present  periiul,  di^^rin^ui^hecl   by  the   annel. 
lat.ons  of »  FRIENDS/ 'iMORAVIANBRETHRFN' 
•MKNNONISTS/  'DUNKERS/^HARMOWY  SO 
CIETY/  'REFORMED  METHODISTlS:'''&c    w'th 
those  purely  pacific  and  benevolent  associations  jn  Eu- 
rope  and  America,  designated  '  PEACE  SOCfETIES  ' 
(Which  associations  I  rejoice  to  stale  are  neither  secta- 
rian, political,  personal,  or  partial— but  made  up  of  the 
pure  and  peaceful  part  of  all  the  principal  sects,  liames 
•nd  denominations  in  Christendom,)  whether  nine^tenths 
of  them  were  ever  known  to  manifest  a  ofi     mtion  o£ 
rebelling  against  any  form   of  government  on  earth  ? 
Or  were  ever  found  exciting,  or  stirring  up  others,  di- 
rectly  or  tndiMctly  to  rebellion  against  any  national  or 
provincial  government  on  the  globe  ?     Or  whether  even 
o/icactual  memberof  anyof  the  above  named  denominations 
or  societies  has  ever  been  found  in  any  insurrectioM,  plot, 
conspiracy  or  rebellion,  in  any  Nation,  Province  or  Can- 
ton ?    Let  all  the  zealous  votaries  of  war  carefully  search 
and  traverse  all  the  annals  of  time— the  histories  of  all 
nations,  and  the  records  of  all  governments ;  with  the 
experience  and  testimony  ©f  all  ages  and  generations  of 
men  :  and  we  are  bold  to  affirm  they  cannot  find  even  a 
solitary  instance  of  insurrection  or  rebellion  chargeable 
to  the  account  of  any  one  of  the  above  named  pacific 
churches  or  benevolent  associations.     And  indeed  were 
It  consistent  with  the  design  and  limits  of  this  letter,  I 
could  exhibit  a  faithful  sketch  of  the  uniform  and  deci- 
ded testimony  of  the  true  church  of  Christ  against  all 
retaliation  of  injuries  and  carnal  warfare,  from  the  me- 
morable  day  «f  Pentecost  to  the  present  period  :  which 
having  cost  me  a  considerable  portion  of  time  and  labor 
to  collect,  I  fondly  hope  an  indulgent  Providence  will 
enable  me  to  present  to  my  friends,  at  some  future  peri- 
od, for  the  enlightening  and  convincement  of  my  fel- 
low brethren,  who  are  still  the  bewildered  votaries  of 
the  god  of  war. 

How  egregjously  inconsistent  and  absurd  then,  must 
be  the  principles  and^  practices  of  these  warring  and 
sanginnsry  priests  !  And  i  awfully  fear  for  them— their 
adherents  and  posterity,  that  while  they  stand  forth  to 
teach  others  the  way  of  life  and  salvation  ;  they  them- 
selves have  need  to  be  taught  what  are  the  first  princi- 


LETTERS,  See.  4, 

pies,  and  fimdamental  doctrines  of  the  gospel  of  Christ 

For  «  a,  I  alas    their   ,„n  sanguinary  and  e^l  wo  fc.' 

of  delusion  make  it  clearly  ma°,i(es.,-^and  uml Lui^od 

TrZVTf!'^  to  acknowledge  the  lamentablffact. 

that   nstead  of  heartdy  repenting  of  all  their  evil  deeds 

-belienng  on  th.  Lord  Jesus  Christ  with  hear  l, mo 

nghteousness,  and  following  him  in  the   regenera  "m 

of  life,  many  of  them  continue  to  wax  worse  a^„Tw"r 

both  deceiving  and  being  deceived.     And  yet  boas nW 

largely  that  "  they  have   prophesied   »  preachedT  n 

Christ's  name-Have  eate,.  and  drankl  h7s  tirSe 

(th.  memorials  of  his  dying  love,  sacramental  bread 

cast  rr,  t'  '"t;  "' ""  ^'"•*''-»"  »•"  "•"•«"-« 

cast  out  devils,  and  done  many  wonderful  works— hove 
converted  hundreds  of  souls,  and  cast  out  satan  from  bij 

^ilTah'aLoV^thi"""'-  *"■  """•  *'•"     8"'  •""esHhe; 

e-^a  r^^h-tiZi'Xt'^^rgh^nStS 

shed  blood,  or  t».  learn  the  diabolical  tnl-Zfi*" 
downward  to  death  and  deatrnxti^^  rk  i.-  .  P'"'"'g 
untempered  mortar.  and*c";?„Tor^";.^«:t"'' 
venly  peace-internal  j.««M-the  soukZ^^Ti 
^t,God,  ,„  the  wickfd  aad  blLdl  rsrvrhorete 
b  n  M  ««?>«  ""tant  may  be  defiled  with  their  brethrTnt 
blood  on  both  sides  of  the  brutal  conflict ;  and  their  ,o„I. 

bloody  men"  v7  Z  "'^  ^'5»P^^^-     -^^'Part  from  me  ye 
beartrem',ra„''eno-  Xrt^"^  "'"«"-'  ^•, 


I 


I 


48 


LETTERS.  &c. 


ers  of  tlie  Gospel,'  nnd  ♦  ministers  of  rightoousness,'  for 
SHtan  hiinbelf  must  needs  be  a  saints  and  high  profciysor 
in  the.  Christian  Churches.  Nay,  lias  ar.uiaJly,  to  ap- 
pearance, *'  transformed  himself  into  an  angel  of  light." 
And  alas!  alas  !  we  have  sorely  to  lament,  not  only  for 
them,  but  for  all  their  deluded,  servile,  hood  winked 
and  cheated  adherents  who  swallow  down  the  delusive 
and  Hhti-christian  doctrine  of  blind,  implicit  and  uncon- 
diMonal  obedience  to  all  the  laws  of  the  fighting  powers 
tliey  severally  live  under — "no  matter  whether  they  be 
c/instians  or  devils.'^  Falsely  and  impiously  asserting  that 
*'«// the  laws  of  the  land  are  founded  upont  he  laws  of  Co!." 
Which  is,  in  effect,  char|;ing  all  the  holy  Martyrswhti  suf- 
fered death  for  refusing  to  obey  the  laws  of  their  ruler  Syw\\h 
not  only  the  greatest  folly  and  weakness^  but  with  actual 
violation  of  the  doctrine  and  precepts  of  the  Gospel — con- 
scieniious  rebellion  against  their  respective  governments, — 
and  base  cowardice  in  refusing  to  fight.  For  it  is  an  in- 
disputable fact,  that  these  holy  Martyrs  actually  suffer- 
ed pains  and  penalties  of  cruel  irapiisonment,  extreme 
tortures,  and  a  variety  of  painful  and  ignominious  deaths, 
in  different  ages  and  centuries  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Now  what  did  they  suffer  all  this  for?  Was  it  for 
obeying  "  the  laws  of  their  country,''  and  the  authority  of 
*'  the  higher  powers  ?"  Was  there  ever  such  a  thing 
known  in  any  country,  in  any  age  of  the  world,  as  a 
king  or  governor  putting  his  own  subjects  to  death,  or 
to  extreme  torture  and  suffering,  for  obeying  his  own 
commands  and  authority  ?  Or  would  it  have  been  possi- 
ble, in  the  nature  of  things,  for  any  well  instructed  A- 
postle,  or  other  Christian,  to  have  ever  suffered  martyr- 
dom if  the  popular  and  destructive  doctrine  of  implicit, 
unconditional  obedience  to  "  all  the  laws  of  the  land,''  and 
••  authority  of  the  higher  powers"  loas  the  doctrine  of  Jesus 
Christ  and  his  Apostles  in  the  Gospel  ?  Or  can  any  hon- 
est man,  in  his  senses,  t-ay  it  was  a  blacker  and  more 
heineous  crime  to  offer  sacrifice  to  the  Pagan  deified 
warriors,  (whom  they  termed  gods,)  than  to  imitate  those 
bjood-rhirsty  gods  in  their  heroic  and  murderous  exi»Ioits 
in  war  <?  - 

We  are  convinced  that  no  honest  man,  possessing 
common  understanding,  can  answer  any  of  these  self- 
evident  questions  m  the  affirmative.  And,  everlastings 
praise  to  the  glorious  and  all  conqaering  Prince  ef  Peace  ; 


jess,'  for 
professor 
,  to  np- 
f  light." 
;  only  lor 
1  winked 
delusive 
d  unc'on- 
g  powers 
r  thty  be 
tine  tliHt 
ofC.o!." 
whosiif* 
!/6rs,with 
ith  actual, 
pel — con,' 
intents, — 
is  an  in- 
ly siifFer- 
extreme 
IS  deaths, 
Church, 
as  it  for 
Ihority  of 
t  a  thing 
rid,  88  a 
ieath,  or 
his  own 
en  possi- 
ucted  A- 
[I  martyr- 
'  impUcitf 
md"  and 
g  of  Jesus 
any  hon- 
md  more 
in  deififd 
tate  those 
s  exploits 

to^sessing 
he  so  self- 
verlasting- 
»f  Peace ; 


LETTERS,  &c.  49 

we  have  a  cloud  of  honorahle  and  irpn«roi«^     •. 

world  t™the  God  „fp"""''  "'*.  ^J"'  ""'J  P"""*  "<"  '!"« 

C".npaaslo„,.cver?aiir™n„',T-    '"":"'"r  '°'«'    ''J'"™ 
«ame  meek  anH  L  ,T    '     ^  "-.'"mplmntly  suffered  in  the 

laws  of  the  lafid  wl^-  I     "^"^  ^"'  '^''"^'"S  to  obey  the 

atioas  rfqued  by  the  ami  ;l '''.•''  """"^  """"•  "'""'"i"- 
of  the  Pagan  Roman  Emn"""  ""''/"''''olical  laws 
of  the  barbarous^nd  ^/T-  ■  ^^"'''  "''«  ""'ny 
Christendo  „,Tere  .o?!."""-'"'"'"'""    '"»'«   of  P«„  J 

and  spirit,  genrtrand't-^^i  jr^lher  "'"i  "^  '«"«" 
and  entirely  rpniiona^.*"     ot  the  Gospel   of  Christ 

We  unshakenly  believe  atl»?h ^,7  ''"'"^«"- 
there   exists  a  /ide   diff'ZL  h  ,  '"-"  """"'"'"•  "'at 

t!"nk  that  every  undemandint  "'^''  ""''  "«'■""'  I"" 
that  all  Peace  Soe.ViLf  i^^f  "'",'*  ""'^'  «'ea'-'y  we 
tl.e  world,  S.  mafn t'aTn  "  H^  T'^l  »e«omi„atiLs  n 
>»»«o„,  ,vhen  they  caZ.  in  ""  """'^  ^'"''' ^«*"''"«A- 
aiid  that  to  the  mi,  ^  r  «onsc.enee  rtcftM/a  «A«/.— 

Which  afuhn'ra;  KTf  t::^ '-;  ""---•- 

very  , veil  know.     And  a.tVli'^"^!^".'''""'  .»'   'e«t 

"o  iavv   can 


Sfiibiy 


» I .  _  ^ 


«;;>n  to  its  penalty  and 


Christ 


:r^  ^^"^-^«  ^]-"  P-.IVC  :^^ 


s  superior  Rmgdom   and 


operation,  where  the  m\ 


>jec(s  of 


superior  claims,  wit^i 


LF.TTERS,  A:c. 

t'-osP  who  me  nrnklu^  an  e..trancc  in^o  it,  cennoi  in  the 
.^''T/V'  "l>''f '"^'-^  <'f  ll...r  consciences,  vieh!  ..c! 
/  r.  oOe</u'nre  to  the.r  iruMu.rnnH  h„.|  cruel  \a^^H.  Now 
h.s;,mss.v..uhM,i..ion  UMhc  penalty  and  onernfion  ,f 
t  -••  H....st  UM,H.  and  iniquitous  iawsf  is  whal  no  pe"  c  ! 
«  »  e  n,Hn,  nor  Pe^ce  Society,  nor  pacih.  DcnamiSation 
in  the  vvorUI  we.e  ever  kn<,wn  to  refu.c.     But  on  all  C 

r;";';'rV'1'"''f  ^^r^'-'"'^^  every  ordinalV^f 
m<w,Jor  the  Lord's  sake,  whether  unto  kiriffs  as  Hunrenie 
or  unto  their deh'ffated  irovernors-'  hm  «.  £.!1  '^^ 
1  r..  ')  i«i  A  7/^" '^"''*''^"*"s»  as  St.  I'eier  enjoms, 
1  •;!».  ^,  I  J.  And  have  never  resisted  the  operation  of 
.e.r  h.WB  as  St.  Pauf  enjoins,  RonM3.  2!^  TnT  fe 
smMiuously  ..Ksist  upon  it,  that  no  ruling  power  or  law  (,f 

irian  h'vt.r"   ^'""'''^'^   '^'"'""''  '''"''  ''*""  '^'''  °^"  ^""-^ 

ma'^vr?''^'r'''"''i"*^i^'''^''^^  of  Peace,  that  the   veil 
may  he  torn  from  the  hearts,  the  scales  from  the   eyes, 
and  the  almost  impenetrable  mists   of  error,  deep-rooted 
prejudice  and  delusion,  from  the  minds  of  alt  our  deluded 
semie  and  cheated  fellow-brethren,  that  they   may  sec 
mth  ilmr  eyes,  understand  tvith  their  hearts,  and  be  eon- 
verted  to  the  %nnt,  Principle, Gosjjel.Kingdom  and  God  of 
J^eace-i\mt   he  may  heal  Me//i~and  so  (effectually  de. 
hrono  the   prmce   of  darkness,  as  to  establish    within 
tliem   the   Kin<rdom   of  his  peace,   which   shall  never 
end, 

I  subscribe  myself  your  cordial  friend, 
and  hearty  well-wisher, 

John  Casey. 

f»    I-     r>      „         ..    BuRFopD,  November  29,  1825. 
lohis   Fxtdlency  Sir  Peregrine  Maitlnnd,  Lieutenant- 
(xovtnior  oj  the  Province  of  U.  Canada,  4v.  &;c.  ^t. 

As  the  London  Society  for  the  promotion  of  perma- 
nent and  universal  peace  have  announced  in  their  fifi  h  an- 
nual report,  w:ifh  many  enccurai?ing  facts  relative  to 
the  hij;har|d  important  object»-of  their  purely  pacific, 
ano  benevolent  ii.^tiuition,  the  nleasin??  inrpII,4n-«  tho^ 
they  had  rran?.mitted,  through  the  regular  channels  of 
Com-.iunication,  eomplete  sets  of  their  hlj^hly  instruc- 
tive and  interesting  publications,  to  the  Kings  of  Eng- 


JiEi 


LETTERS,  dro. 


«l 


land,   France  fxm]  Sf^nhu  nn.l   the  Empn-fn- of  nv.^in-^ 


eMiMincd    fn.Mid   j.hd   frllovv  la» 


A\ 


seltK  IViurc  Society,  limi  t 


•rcestrr,  ^onf•^pol|(|irllr  Si; 


qjatter,  thiit  I, IV  iiiiK  h 
i«-er.  the    IJ^-v!    ,\,  .t|| 


eretiiry  ol'  the  IMat-sac  I) 


a  «»»t   <»f  all   the 


niitnl 


rMMMmitl«'(l  to  your  Kxc»»l! 


pulilislied  to  that  dnii 
safiie,    solicitin^r 


•f  r«    of  ''  7Va«    rricyl  of  PparcJ* 
with  a  letter   arcomprmyinir  ij'o 


''f>tance 

It,  •niirl.t  have  luen  nii»cnrnc<l  or  lo.n,   I  l,„,r  |..„„:     * 

you  in  behalf  „f  tlic.sn  iruly  bcm.v.lent  and   i>w,fi,.  ,.<, 
»-.«.,..,„.     W«ll  know,,,,.  •,!,«,  there  i«  ^  his'w  „    ' 
(w,tl,  ma„v  other.  i>,H,h„„s  a»  well  as  .men  o„„  ,J.  "  of 

rfm(  o/„w,"    and    f,.llo„ei-s   of  "  thf   f.^t      m.  . . 
c..t    MEN,"  or    j;,/m    7J„„,rf,,    „f    /    ;/; ""    7'^V'- 

of '",'!"  .  "  ^'"f''    »fM"nsLr:'   tl^'f  L  ,„    '. 

ot    the    benevolent   "  Prince   of   Ppnr.^->  "•"»"« 

ecI  by.  their  leader,  "  tU^JJlTproTr^  "VI;-  h 
he      ami  21,1  ^'""'"^.T  '^"'i"".  "«  »  cloak   C 

bly  conclude  .t  „.„.t  be  fr.m  wan,  o.  better  imLIal.l) 


fsi 


LETTEns,  &o. 


I:    i 


were  one  and  the  same  neonle      fJnVhn  i  '     "f  '*  '^'^^ 
the)-  TIflvJri  iiTi  I'eopie.     iMot  Knowinif  that  nei- 

ever  e,,nnT  '"°  "'"'  ""y  in<'ividual  of  his  pir(y"w"re 

wards  :  Neither  indeed  con  be    untii  f/'^"^^'     ""^  a^l«f- 
leader  having  declared  to  me,  before  a  mS.";^ 

which  God  designed  To  i.  i  i"^'  ""''  i"  """  »«'««' 

haa  given  Vac"i:dti;r„afatm;:i',r«t"'"  ^1;!'=", "" 

trine,  or  professed  helief,  he  urLd  in  nn  '''"'; 

•one,  witl!   much  vehem^n'I  of/ni  it      lliy^Tl'^r 

i»iat   the  heavenly  precepts  and  Soirit  of  th^  r/     t 

mmmm 

.train  then,  from  all  e^il-trLsi:"   he™V?r„''',h"etii:r 
of"  GoH-f;''"''«  """  '""■■  '"'"  "■«  peaceable  K^gd"^" 

^pfz  t:'!^,  Gtr-!e„:h^ihi-r£ 

of  truth  »"°  "'^  V",^.^'*  "■"  ^^o^"-"     B-t  tie  scripmre,' 
of  ti  uth  appeared  to  him  as  a  sealed  book    for  h„  „I   • 

tivey  declared  to  mo  that  "  whatever  ab^^migh.  Ce 
given  /nm  ability  to  overcome  his." 

6ft«/""llr''r  I  .'""'T  '«*"   ""«   "  ^''"'l  leader  or  tie. 
blind,     I  asked  l,,m  if  the  report  of  his  society's  train 
ng  «r,th  weapons  of  war,  p.nerallv  once  a  week  dnrTnJ 
the  summer  season.  »-err.ir„.i    ti„   ..   .  .    f .     °""''g 
sweied  it  was/     Mv  astonishment"' 


uiiblu^hin^ly  an- 
ng  excited  by  this 


unexpeoted  reply,  i  ,„ok  the  HbTr ty  t    a%k  h  rhX  he 
could  have  the  effrontery  ,o  call  his^socie.y  " "/i:  'jrfrL 


'^nominated 
r"  as  if  they 
Qg  tiiat  nei- 
parfy,  were 
tl  with  any 
before  their 
"  or  after- 
ounce  their 
iples — their 
ber  of  wit- 
Id  of  battle 
acc-maherSf 
every  man 
^at  manner 
whicli   he 
This  doc- 
ipassioned 
n  which  I 
It  to  prove 
le  Gospel 
i^indictive, 
new  them 
the  baiie- 
■  in   their 
ch  would 
,  and  re- 
tbe  king- 
Kingdom 
Jousness, 
tn  to  love 
smseives, 
s«,  with- 
cripturee 
he  posi. 
ght  have 
d  never 

'r  of  the, 
s  train- 
k  during 
^ly  an- 
hy  this 
flow  he 
•hiidren 


1® 


LETTERS,  &c.  ^ 

V  Peacef^*  seeing  their  Dmrtir.*.  «<•!« 

»  palpable  fakUu.    He  reLlied  '^f"'J!"-''>«"'»  "/p^^e. 

count  of  renouncinff  natinZl .r,„l  t  '  •'"«''*  <"'  "c- 
them  both  just  aTd^"t2l.T\  '"*"'''"«  «»"«*d" 
that  na»e  because  weTbX?d  aM  „,r  ^f"'  T"^''^' 
enuallygood  with  our  o„n  and  th-J"^  '"f''*'  '"  "« 
not  to  auarrel  wirl,  ariv   I?/'/   i     'herefore  dettimined 

..c-ither^sa;,^   o'tr^tanl"?'^'''"  »'■''' ''«-^'''». 
than  thou."  ^'  **'•  '"''  »"«  "'e  more  holy 

Thus  lamentable  to  witness   wp<1o;i>,  «  j 
"any  of  the  highest  profeZU.f  ,i  ^  ^""^  ""*"  """""S 
nevolen.  religioLf  tife  Pri,  "r„f  P    "  ^'"T^"' '"'"  ''«" 

glaringly  different  thn/aCe.her  '^T  rT'"''  '""'  » 
anionffst   the  nhnv.  „  *  """Sether.    And  that  n«t  onir 

3a«guf„ar;tctbVr,:trair'/^  "'=''"''"-  -5 
nominations  of  men  who  nf,  f  /^'u'?' '"""«'  ""^  <i«- 
in  «,»rfc  do  virtaillv'.rn     '^     ""1  *^'"''^'  *"  «""•*    but 

plain  remarks,  on  the  e!rrp^i        ?'  '^'^"overed  by  these 
professing  peacri,  1*^*^1"? '"'''"'f''"''^  <"■">«»'» 

d.ffere„ce  between  frZ/-  i.^''!  i'l"'.;«  «i«t' a  wide 
and  "  Peace  Societi,^  "  '^l^'^"™      Children  of  Peace  " 

onIr  distinct  *Si:;h„t^"er7tu"  ',"  "■?'""'-»""' 
characters,  principles,   obje'ts  of.'-  '"'"'  "'  "'«i' 
of  attainment;  .hi   formeT bein/ "^    '"",;  ""''  '"'""^ 
for  sectarian  andpart^^urposes  ^whi^f  ''''•  ""'""^ 
local   exertion..,  confined  ^whhh  "'""='',''«"•  ten  years 
to  a  small  section  rreliTjl'f'o^ '"'''' *''-'=P'"'") 
clearly  manifest.     The    uter    ' .    .■^"'"r'''"''  """l^e 
extended  over  diverse  pa«s  of  i'     '"  "'""''  ""'  ""^ 
«»<!  have  at  leas,  obtained  some  „hl''^  ""''  ^"'"'•''=''' 
cates  ,„  Asia,  and  .ome  frio?,X  r     """  ""''"t  advol 
>•'>;«■  conno,  properly^  caZ%J"^"^Z''''''''  '«  Af- 
cal,  or  interested  plrlie,!.    ^*"='^""n'  Political,  Lo- 
Tracle   Abolition   Soci    ,!     ."^r,'",™  "'""   '  ^e  hhvc 
'f'MatkSCool  «3'-~..'?.'t'-'^"'''««'-.^-'    or 

'.V  .nade  up  of  .,.>  pea""  uhmT'        •""'''  "^ 
te  principal  Sects    O  derl  V.,o  i  ,"'      "'   P"" 

.      loeiS  ai,ul>euouiination(r 


or 


gene 
of  at 


54 


LETTERS,  &c. 


1  ■ 


in  Christendom,  who  nevcrtl.cles»r«main,  forthemn.f 

nf  1.«^h  '    ^  "■*  "^ng"!"""-^  and   interested  votaries 

'  en::  ratlTrXH"^ .""T™"  ^<«"=«  Sociefe's.  " 
ciicouragers  ©t  rebellion,'  and  *  seditious  oooosers   nf 

^a  ousie?  and  ,„'i^-r'"iV  ""'^  »"-«J"dices,  unfounded 
jcuiunsies,  and  sordid  seif-interests  have  r»is>>.l  a«^:,.=, 

fX&Vh'  ^--«^-^'-;it«tio'*;s  TndteTr  ad 
peace  Xh  th^'''  P"««'P'^f  of  permanent  and  universal 
earth-In J^t  ^  ^"'^  ^'"^V^'>^  "°^*«^  *«  P^o™«t«  i"  the 
S  aud  i.-rn''  ^""'  Excellency  that  Peace  Soci- 
BinlZ^  fT  ^^"«"V"^^»°"«  «'•«  ««  far  from  oppo- 
tTaf  theVhri  r''.?  ""''^r^i'^'i'^'  of  civil  government,' 
20vernof«  n  r  '^'^^^'!  ^^  «»^i»  government  and c.vl 
governors,  to  be  ordained  and  instituted  by  God's  an- 

Jot  Le  ?irth  '?  ^'  '^'  r^[  ^f  God  that  mankind  shoidd 
Jrl;  !l  1  ^®  ''?f' '  ^^  ^^^^^'d'  ^'»^hoi,t  order  or  con- 
troulshould  not,  like  them,  be  governed  by  brute  force 
and  muscular  strength,  mu.h  less  reson^o  artificTal 
weapons  of  cruelty  and  murder,  to  settle  their  contro- 

frZ^'fu  '   /^''  '^/''  7'°"^^'  ^^   ^«^^^er  their  rights 
from  their  tempted  and  wickedly  disposed  fellow-breth- 
ren, whom  they  might  ever  so  justly  conceive  to  have 
tinned  against  God,  and  trespassed  against  them  :  which 
lavage  mode  of  deciding  controversies,  though  now  so 
popular  in  all  the  nations  of  the  earth,  as  well  professed 
Christian,  as  professed  Pagan   or   Mahometan,  everr 
honest  man  in  the  use  of  his  reason  must  acknowledge 
a^  degrading  the  human  Species  who  were  formed  ra- 
tional,  intelligent  and  immortal— made  only  a  little  low- 
er than  the  angels,  and  in  the  image  of  God  himself,  far 
bel<m  the  condition  and  properties  of  the  brutes  that  peri.h. 
We  believe  that  mankind  should  be  formed  into  iSo- 
cie  les— (as  it  is  evident  tney  were  formed  for  social  life 
and  social  enjoyments)-these  Societies  should  be  rejru- 
Jated  by  laws,  and  thesR  Inwc  ta^„.:„:.* j  u *■ 

trates  judiciously  appointed  for  that  purpose.  But  this 
eternal  and  unalterable  truth  is  to  be  constantly  kept  in 
view,  and  mdehbly  imprinted  on  the  minds  and  consciea- 


for  the  most 
rches. 
ed  votaries 
ocieties,  as 
•pposers  of 
we  to  God, 
making,  as 
•  a  solemn 
IS  sJanders, 
unfounded 
ed  against 
the  spread 
id  universal 
note  in  the 
*eace  Soci- 
Tom  oppo- 
vernment,* 
at  and  civil 
God's  ap- 
ne   origin, 
ind  should 
der  or  con- 
TUte  force 
artificial 
ir  contro- 
eir  rights 
ow>breth- 
\  to  have 
a  :  which 
h  now  so 
professed 
in,  every 
tiowJedge 
rmed  ra- 
ittle  low- 
iself,  far 
at  peri»h. 
into  JSo- 
3cia]  Jife 
be  rcgu- 
r  rnagis- 
But  this 
'  kept  in 
onsciea- 


LETTERS,  &«.  65 

ces  of  all,  that  "  no  Jaw  of  the  Innd  aI./m.m 

magistrate,  when  commanded  to  he  perform:„"ee  L"'''^ 
pledged  ,0  pay  .trie,  attention  ^oaH  the  vLL,""' 

•otheV-niusandC'oVfc;^^^^^^^^^ 

ry.  are  in  onnositinn  t«    o    i  '^  ,^f,. '  ""' ""  ""e  contra- 

and  authorU^on  eaven   TnVlf"'"!:  "'""'''  ">"  ''"^^ 
are  not  bound  to  obev^hlm    ,h„1."  ""'  ^  '"'  ^"''J*^' 

by  the  gospel  »oZZ^2J^TptjroTtT?r'''' 
trary,  passivelv  «//»«»/  / .         ^F^rauon,  but  or»  the  con- 

every.nation  under  Heave«-a„d  wi,^^^'  tirr'  '" 
prayers  to  the  God  and  Prir7,^»  ^  d  ^  ?'  '*"""' 
kingdoms  of  this  ,vorM  „«,J  .' /  •  .^''*'='''  ""«  «"  "i« 
soon  become  ,h,.  Kin  JZ  If""^  '« '""i^rf""*,"  may 
Phrist.  that  ..e'ty^iSTorlnnd":;!.'}"^  °'  "*' 
1  subscribe  «yself  your  Excellency 's 

most  obedient,  humbl.  servant, 

'•HiV  Casev. 


56 


1-ETTERS,  <fec. 


members  of  most  of  tlo  profLInL  "^'''S''   ("-"fesMdg 

of  what  is  crafti/y  stvlcd  on    „  I       ?'"« .""'  "awful'-ess 
governments  and  all  ^Xn'",.*''^'',^  h  all  warring 
t.a»., '  defensive  »«r,' ^„  2  P"' '  f «  °.'  Professing  chris* 
b^x^g' a  christian  el«ty.'     ItcaZ   ,  ">'  ^'■'"""J  o*"  *«» 
necessary  or  unimportant   toTn.^l.t,*  ''"■'"«''  «"•«"»- 
tl.e  merits  of  this'sangu  „lVa„d  ,  '  »"  «"1"i'y  into 
much,  a,  if  i,  e«„  be  pfoved  tVbe  .('^  i"''"^  "'"''  "•'^ 
O/mst,  and  his  Apostles  in  the  olii "'"',""''  <""  •^«"" 
own  injunctions  and  exnmnles  or  ff  '.'"''*'■  ^'"•"  "'«ir 
ded,.«cd  therefrom,  all  pial' «     "": '""""'  »fg"n.ent8 
Denominations,  who  h.vVre„„;  "?/'.?  '"''  «'""«<='«« 
custom  of  war,  cs  an    chr!ri       '^w''*  P''"'=iple«  and 
Imvo  publicly  'estified  la^iTl  'til      """'''™"«.  and 
carnal  warriors  of  professed  ch?  "^""'"^  '''"''"  «'"! 
the  other  kingdoms  of IhU  »„,/"■''''".•  ""•'   "^  "« 
must  unavoidably  and  of  ,  ,„.  ^"'^  "*  "''t'cedness, 

«..d.condemned'cri;1:als"r,Te'rr'of%f""^.'^"'''>^ 
Let'islalor  and  Lawmyerof  thn  r.       i  ^-  "'"  ""'allible 

'le  hath  himself  declared  h,  ,„.^™*"' P'^P*"*."""".  as 

can  and  alarming  truth  •    "77"/''"";"'='", "'™».  'I'is  sol- 

But  if  on  tlie  contiari-  it  «h«..M  *^  .  '"  '"*' f%.'~ 
able  and  anti-ch.islia  f-1^  f  ■  °  ,  '.^"'""'''^"'••tely  un-en- 
phemous  •  doctrine  «/ Arl "i^^^h"  V?"," '»  ''« «'"  f-'-'s- 
tl-e  three  unclean  spirits  whicls.jl'r  "''""' '"""''"«  "f 
the  mouth  of  thefieV  draeon  outlf  V""""?''  ""'  "^ 
beast  of  apostacy,  and  out  of  Z.™"""'  "*' "'« 
pro,  het  Mahomet,, vhUhincLl^,  r.""'  ''fthe  false 
the  .nfallibl.  Ko,;,«,';7  ',    ;<^-;     P'^.s,  J-«»  Chris,. 

the  spirits  of  devils  gone  f.,th  tn  ,  ,    i        ''*'  "•  'o  be 
and  of  the  whole  world  1..  1^,1°    '^  """S^  "'^  ""■ea.lh 

tie;'  then  we  may  r^;;  u?:^''  '•:h";.^n''1' ''r ''"'- 
torn  is  confessedly  the  most  dlJ  ,  '''•bolieal  cus- 
that  ever  „ffl,„,„/,.'.  Z"""  <lc»«lt.ting  scouree  and .« 

ablecrimesof  hh.od-guiltines^  »  1  '^  ''■"'  "'«  "'"'"er- 
er  outrage,  and  aho„^, 'IS  I^Sbyl:'!::':: 


LETTERS,  &c.  gy 

«rJrr.':.iT.« -t'-s  rf &r  -t  -- 

aven«rinff  God  wh^i-A  ».«        •"  ®  "^^'^  «nd  sin- 

cannot  lie,  hath  declarpH  in  h-  '*"?™-  ^^or  He  who 
>vill  rend«   unto  eve  v  m«^  T"'"«  word. 'that  he 

".?,  have  sourtforl^rv'^h  '=""?"""''*"'  """  '^O' 
will  render  et'eLa"  life"  "^bu,  u7.r"''  '"""'."''"J''  ^e 
contentious  and  obeyed  »«    he  trmh"/  l'?".'?'"^*.  ^"^ 

nble  •o7ipes.:l'dThi~UeTh:lrUor  oT^,''"  •'"'" 
forever.'     'Thp  wioLoj    u  n  L         ^     "^"  °*  "»eir  cup 

the  nations  tit  Jrl.  God"  ^.VTu^r"  "<""  '''«''  »" 
lieviog,  and  the  Xmin^wT  f^  ""5  *^"''"'  «■»)  ""l-e- 
hateth  his  brother  ?,r  I  T**  «>'"-derers,  (whosoever 
Epistle  o?  John  3'  15  H^!''  "  T '<'«^«'-.  '»  'he  first 
l-eaven-daring  am' Jd'„^?";  ""'*:''  ""'™  ""-ocions  and 

Lis  fell«w.be1hre"f  labile  „r'"'  ^""'""'^  '"'"=•>■^" 
^horemonsrers,  a"d  ,o?ce  ers  a^d""!", """''"'  '>  '""^ 
liars,  shall  have  their  part  Tn  ,1,^^  idolaters,   and  all 

wilhfireand  brimstone^, IhrM.i"'"'  "*""''   ''""'<"h 

A  few  momenT's  calm  aid       k  ""'  T^"''  ''««"'.• 
Sir,  asidefrom  p  ehXea^d  n',",^!'  "''''*'="•'"•  "^  <'"" 
fieient  toconvinL  i  eiThots'^^^^^^^^^  "'"  ^''"f" 

slanding,  that  the  maint^n^l         <•  ^^  '""""on  under- 

torn,  b/,;rofe  sed  aSan  M» h"*^ ''"'  ^^*''''""''»'  «"«- 
tions,  involves  the  mas  awfid  "n^"'""""-'"'  ^"^"^  ""- 
qneuces,  both  in  time  and  in  e.erni',':".':'' ^  '"""  <=»"»<- 
•nd  deluded  votaries  '  «'«™";'.  to  its  sanguinary 

coZlt„:eX-v?r  as':!""  r";'?,""  "-^  ™-  of 

«i«!?  national  w  on»s  aL? , °  ^^P"'"' ''''*""«'  ''o'"  'edres- 

tually  tramplerS  tho.e  ^2"°^  T'"r'  "S'"^-  <«=- 
and  oppressions  m, re  tl^'  "f'"'  and  multiplies  wrongs 
evdsand  calumit.e,  ?he  ^  a  thousand  fold.     MuUiplifg 

W«-?ro„ns  and'X  ""the  "m^r'a  "  "",  '"'l^-"" 
l>cart-rendin»_,„ *.  "'*  "o*'  accumulated  nnd 

terrible-acts  .he'mrtVval"'"'!,""*'''  "S"ni^'"g  »nd 
Weedsthe  most  %l:ilSaT^rj!.rrblLS. 


58 


LETTERS,  ifec. 


Surely  the  God  of  etprnnlTri^h  f^      i 
vengeance  and  recompe.  "^-^1  f  God  1  ■ ""  'l'""'""' 
and  impartial  threaieLg^il  not  b"  found''."''-  ''"""<' 
strictandso  scrupulous  a, e-rardVo  the /^-f      "*^   '° 
a."  to  •  punish  its    lestrov-r   rv^il.  .1  /    K   "'  ,""*  '"""• 

at  th«  same  time  sutFerthe  wicked  and  mE„     '^  ?  '  "'"• 
ers  of  thousands  of  eguallv  UrllioTAZ  f''  '^'"""'>'- 
isM,  „,„relv  hecausi  haL'^mr,  "hand"  T^' ""'•""■ 
n...rderand  plunder  with  Ihei^o  dues  „f Xl^an  1?*""' 
P«.by  the  arrogated  au.hor.tv  of  wanL  "  ""r      ^rV 
assur«dly   the  Judae  of  all  the  earlh    ,lm  r      f"      ,  "" 
make  s.r.ct '  ,n,u,»ition  i<>r  lo^7ll      '2,^,""i  'u 
-  a.  pnva.«  wartare  and  Hhe.  cartk\/JlJlCZr,M 
««^»<"»ore  cover  (or  eo..ceal)  her  shin.'     <  AvTat "",' 
tihed  by  the  (Sospol,  Pronhpt  Isaiah  sa  1  \  //    •*  j- 

<^«  0/  M«  Lord\s  „;,„„  UUC' !*;,'-,  i/*^;;ff;r 

«K  Ma,-  «mt<:s  .-  He  «,;//  utterly  destroy   them    T.  '"« 
d«hver  them  to  the  slau.hter  '  ^  '  '''  """ 

ted'^'i^orl'df  ali^'theT"^"'""  ""'"  ■^'^•^'™<'  "•  -""^'-ffa- 
itu  woiias,  all  the  base  motives  and  iniiiT!«»,.«..o       ■ 

of  war-makers  and  their  blood  ,1,^1  "r^e,rnd  .'/'''''' 
to  t  hetr  shame  and  everlastin.  con  emr,t  th^f  H..-  ,  '""■ 
ed  mercies  were  hot  disscmbi:dcZlT''hlt"Y'^''- 

:  6w:r  and";!;:'  ^^t^'**  !:•>  '""*"^  "'h  m  w :: :: 

and  trreparable  ruin  amon^,^  te^:^,  "o  Tr'  r'uX 
instead  ot  mercy,  they  must  expect  the  threXned  mo 
.shment  denounced  hy  Jehovah  and  have    udgmentC" 

r.r:nd'^hr;rd;7aZ2:l:^7^4-"^^  ^^^^ 

^»^^;^rta,Un,Jirc,reXT}Z!ed^^^^^^ 


-miimmm 


■™°Bs»in«inmn 


Prong,  and 
"Jinenrii,^ 
ssemLliiiij 

belonoTth 
al  justiic 
^'  |>ay  so 
one  man, 
hstrvction 

»  desfioy- 
ss  unpun' 
d  arm  it's 
n<)  trum- 
rs!  Most 
found  to 
c  as  well 
^er  bloody 

(as  res- 
indigna' 
iVy  upon 

he   will 

mgrega- 
ciinies 

id  sixtw 

r  boast- 
(as  an 

<Vf>re  ns 

-hedgeJ' 

ir  from 

:>nlinue 

I  havoc 

cruelty 

d  pnn- 

nt  pro- 
guiity 

sed  in- 

mgels.* 

'>r  war 
ith  an 
IS,  re- 


LETTERS,  &c 


59 


If 

"■?  tn  fight,  in  order  t»  IZnhJ^h  f'\"">^  "'"'  '«'"•"• 
of  Life  and  Peace  a,  ^0,"^!  f  n?!  '"""•'"'Prince 
and  Alexander,  of  thilS       H  "'  "'  ""-'  ^"""O 

clmsed  redemptioTZtf  "«: ''  ""/'/'e".   and' p„r. 
h"nble,  cross-bear in.^  sTifT;         ""' ,•'">''■  <^"-  «"  W' 
e'-^;  but  he  conquered  bvr'^ir^";^'''"'' '"""'«'""'  f-'HoBr- 
hh  death.     Here  s  an  tl  ™^"    ""'V'""'  'riumphed  by  ' 
e-nulation;  and X  Lt  ;" ''L"'""''^•''■ ''"«  WshJ 
S"l<liera  of  this  vrorfd  by  i"?  S'  !  h?;"f'  """'o".  "'« 
nerve  their  arms  fo,™,;.       7"'^' """an^e  <t   would  un- 
a..d  harmless  "othdr  Toes' I         """''"  """"   "^"''•'''''e 

.iaIiS.'Sitf  S^TeeLl'"'  'T"  !"'"'  "^  Chri. 
by  the  hands  of  hirenemies  in/"''  ^"^™i'^'><'Iy  died 
or  even  „  ^/,re„t,  he   p7Z7 ' '^^.1',^%^^  ?^  '-^^'^'anee 


or  even  „  ^,,Z,  i",:  7Z7''  '^'rT  ?'  '•?'^'-- 
Me^  know  not  u,hat  they  do'  ■^'"'^""  ""»'•  M 

«m  to  .heir  oharge;  a„d7o  fiiraslee;  "*  ''^""^  ""' 

"£::  JrKn-S;  r.f ?'^/' "« -  -^.r 

The  primitive  Marty.sreX„  /  '  ^•^"'''*  •'*""•' 
««hmissi„„,  and  somT^^tS  f"?  1  7 ',7"  '^'"' •i"^'"''" 
ns?ht  and  war  after  the  Z.i!     ■',       actually  refusing  '  to 
;;.i^at  a  time    ^h  '!'Lf  i;'"^,r"»'r^P"ns.',    And 
Christians  were  snfficenHv;"  "'^"'""  "«.   'the 
themselves  again  t.rbood?"'''"" '"• '"'^«  '•«f«'>''ed 
gH'nstthem  by  the  he  uhen  if^,,"'"*",';"'""   «-'^«««<i  «- 
t«'l  them  ,„  have  recoL  se  ,o  [hi       "^"T,"  ''«''  P"'"it- 
•"•o'v  Christ  had  deruTced  the  ,T"' ''  .'""  ""'>'  '"^'l 
earse  '  for  all  they  that  ?.^e M         ^?"  threaining  and 
the  sword;' and  h^au,e™ivotfr'^^  shall   perish  by 
'lo'e  their  enemies.'  •  r«urn  »^"^v'"""";^"''«''  ">«•"  tl 
tred,  and  blessing  for  CrsTnf './"'•   ''"^  ^"^  ''«- 
evil,  to  any  man  '— ."„-^    ^'       """  '»  fender  evil  fi„ 

overcome  evil  Vith  go7d -'^noT  T"'"'"'"'""  '"■*'"•'  >-"' 

-Sirs  -rd,  f'^^-^'^'^'Z'^^: 


00 


LETTERS,  4kc. 


.otSrS  'I'Sr  "r-""-'"—/  -ear 
lov.  peace  with  a  men  a.  7h!.''™'^  "omman.ls,  •i.'ol- 
shall  man  see  the  Lord  •         '"''"""«■  "'"'""t  which  no 

fend  hi,  perislmWc  prone  '»'  ^'^     ■^"'"' '   ''*"'''  '"  '^*- 
lift  and  WssouT-^'n?:"'',''*  '"''^"••'l  of  both   hi. 

or  hi,  goods,  and  '  counts 'n^fKa^trt^ 

exu'Ird  o'veMre"r„ll^7,l^rof  S'  "'  '-"",  -»- 
«»..S"i"cd  waves  of  TrafaC^'  wJ^uTft'"'  "'*  \"- 
the  horrid  refinement  and  h  ..1'    7      i^  ''*  '"'™  '""Sht 

Would  he  ha  °e  cone " ved  ;t^  *"'''"''''^  andreligionr 
fiWitinir  fnr  Vk.    """^e'ved  the  monstrous  absurdity  of 

pcac€?  "^  ^^®   establishment  of  universal 

I  am,  Sir,your'8  respectfullj, 

John  Casey. 

r«  fL.   T?        T;r7-77-         5^^°"^'  ^^C.  10,  1825. 

E„..It'PJZ  ''""""  ""'"•■•  «—■ ■ 

for.«edi„  their  hinffhe  if :f^;,:rv°  ■;::  1  '-'fT 

meet  each  other  in  eontend.„ra™fe'nor  Zl^^HlZ 


LETTERS,  &c.  «, 

and  (Jeliherate  tlatjgluer.     Thprpl.„  -)„„i     • 
k'"i?.loms  „f  ,hi8  world   ijjl   l7  ^rf^""?  »"  aK  the 
«a«,^ea„d  brutal  c,mct,o^„d.';'i-"'''f*'   ^-^  "'«*' 
verilv  believe  that  Cl.r    t  Ve^uT  ,h'"p  """"■'  """  "'«? 
reisriing  in  the  h.arts  of    f,  f'lr        ^""'^''^of  ?«„«/, 
d'-'ina      the     blooSy     and    hr     7*"'  "''''^^  *''»«» 
Christian    "ations^so   cruellv    ftl/"''   "^   "™'"«-«<' 
Arf  against  himseff  (merelv  t^    »"j.  """"'•"•ally   *„,-- 
»l»ns  of   |,e||,  in  {hi   brealf    of    J   {  !.''"  '""''"  P"'" 
C'i'led  men,)  as  to  le  J  fiml  ,h         ''\^''  ""''   ""P""- 

to  murder  and  be  murde?e',S. I   ,,""""  ''""''""■J. 
ne«s  of  infuriH.ed  demons  M  -  "'"  "■*»"  ""-l  »«d- 

le  and  engage  in  tl,e'blo„V™^„1ie^  'l? ,',''«  ''«'''  "f  '-at- 
their  rulers,  which  is  th,.  .Sr  A  V  ""'"""""' "<" 
contended  f„r  and  so  J.ni  P^P"''"^  doctrine  so  narmlv 
and  America,  ,;",,,:;:^"''"'';^  P^'"'«''«'i  "P  in  Europ^ 

co«hl  be  no  im,,ro,,rie,,  or  hloo  I      '?'""'"'•  "'«n"i«e 
armies  wholly  m.d iarp^of  w7  "?'i'  ''""'^  '"   ''»»ing 
"mce  i,  is  the  duty  of7„  ",,     "L^'T'''''-      E^peciaJi; 
and  as  professin.-  ChrS,  1,        ■"""""«  »  Christian  ; 
'y  figl'tins  with  e^cho'e   7, '.i'Thr;**''"''^' '=''''»•»'••- 
P-to  or  cessation  from  slhu,  i,^ '    rL         ""  ^"'^'^  "^  '^^• 
are  occupied  in  making  r^ady';]',:.!'"""^  ""'."  ^'"'^') 
conflict., ;  i,  >,.o„|rf  (,„  7,erfc,  Hv  i.^       ''n''"'^'  '"••  '""'"re 
'I'e.r  religion,  f,r  host    o/"i„,/;  •,?"'''«{'"';'•'?'«■' of  ■ 

oWte"  "^  --  '-•■".'^/'r.^edlteaT,- 

Oi'?htthevn.nihpn  /,.„?".,''""  neutra  port -_ 
o'h-  as  bre.hr,.'  rforct'm  '""T'IT '"^"'^"-'^^ 
»e»,bers  of  ,|,e  san.eTmH  an'  tl^  ',,1.'  "'"^  ='^<^  -'I 
^  hy  the  same  hK,o.l, HnT;',L"l'.i''r!  *."  '■«<"'  rodeem- 


aiu 


ev   surely    m.,»*  f„_i 


sanctified  bj  the  same  D 


i^r«-''"'i.-i.hp:^y::.;Xv:;^r»n^ 


1 VI  IIP 


vrould 


Jt  nor.  be  hiirhly  proper  f,,..  ,i'  v.   .  -^  '  '—  """'" 

Christian  feJlowslup^voj,i'^^^    "  '^-^togeU.er  for 

i^>  ivuisnip  and  coiumiiuion  '' 
6 


0d 


H^     LETTERS,  &e. 


Suppose,  then,  that  they  occasionally  go  on  bo! 
other's  shipg,  for  rehijious  worship ;    that  theii 


board  each 
.  .  .  r  Chap- 

lains lend    in  their   devotions,  using   such   petitions  as 
these :  '  Praying  that  they  may  be  all  of  one  heart  and 
of  one  mind,  in  the  knowledge  of  Christ ;   knit  together 
in  the  horitls  of  Christian  love;    maintaining  the  unity 
of  the  Spirit,  in  the   bonds  of  peace  ;    may   be   always 
found  acting  the  consistent  part  of  Peace-makers,  the 
true  followers  of  Christ  and  children  of  God.;  obeying 
the  commands,    and   treading  in    the    peaceful   foot- 
steps of  the  Lamb  of  God,  the  Prince  of  Peace—that 
they  may  be  uniformly  engaged  in  *  following  peace  with 
all  men,  and  holiness,  without  which'  they  are  fully  as- 
sured '  no  man  can  eee  the  Lord' — that  they  may  be  in- 
deed, 'the  light  of  the  world,''  and  '  the  salt  of  the  earth-,' 
knowing  they  were  born  of  God,  passed  from  death  un- 
to life,  become  new  creatures  ;  old  things  having  past  a- 
way,  and  all  things  become  new  within  them  ;  might  al- 
ways evince  to  the  world  they  were  the  Iambi  of  Christ's 
flock,  and  the  sheep  of  his  pasture,  by  taking  up  their 
cross  daily,  denying  themselves  find  following  Christ; 
daily  mortifying  the  deeds  of  tiiclw.dy;   crucifying  the 
flesh,  with  all  its  affections  and  lusts  ;  labouring  to  keep 
under  the  bodily  passions  and  appetites,  that  so  they 
might  be  prepared  through   the   sanctifying   operations 
of  the  Holy   Spirit,  to  convince    the  world   by  their 
peaceable  lives  and  godly  con versations,that  they  were  sent 
forth  by  the  Laiob  of  God,  to  live  as  lambs  in  the  midst 
of  wolves;  and  though  wise  as  serpents,  yet  were  harm- 
less  as  doves — that  they   might  be   enabled,  through 
Grace  Divine,  to   bring  forth    the  fruits  of  the  Spirit, 

*  which  are  love,  joy,  peace,  long-suffering  and  gentle- 
ness;' that  they  might  be  richly  endued  with  'the  wig. 
dom  from  above,  which  is  first  pure,  then  peaceable,  gen- 
tle, easy  to  be  entreated,  full  of  mercy  and  good  fruits, 
without  partiality  and  without  hypocrisy;  and  the  fruits 
of  rijirhteousness,  which  are  ^sovvn  in  peace,  by  them  that 
make  peace' — that   they  may  ever  be  found  engaged  in 

*  the  work  of  righteousness,  which  is  peace ;'  that  so  they 
may  enjoy  the  happy  effects  of  righteousness,  which  ar^" 

vjutctsivc?^     c*lni     acouiaii-^c     n»j     CVCI   — -HIUl      IIJU     \XOU    Ui 

Peace  would  utterly  destroy  the  kingdoms  of  darkness, 
establisfi  universally,  his  own  glorious  Kingdom  of  righl- 
coudness,  peace  and  joy  in  the  Holy  Ghost — Judge  a- 


< 


LETTERS,  &c.  Qg 

inong  many  peoples,  an.l  rebuke  strong  ..,ti„„,  afar  off- 
tW  ■  hey  m.gl,.  l.eat  ,heir   swurds   i„ro   plough  „l,are, 

lilt  op  sword  agan.st  nation,  neither  learn  the  miir  ler 
o..,  art  of  war  anymore;    that   the  ecle«i„l  A?r    of 
^eacc,  might  soon  proclaim  that  'all  the   ki«.X*m    of 
this  world  had  become  the  Kingdoms  of  our  Lo^d  and 
•  of  his  Christ;'  that  .0  his  domi,Iio«  might  extt"id  from 
the  rivers  unto  the  ends  of  the  earth,  and  ab,mdn„ceTf 
peace  ,0  long  as  the  moon  enduretb.'     Withal"  ,, ravin/ 
tha    they  may  do  good  unto  all  men.  as  t ley    have  00^ 
portumty,  especially  to  tho.e  of  the  l.ouseMd  of  faX" 
that  they  may  be  kind,  merciful  and  forgivinj   a  H  i  i.' 

IT  lie  I  was  also  in  (yhrist — have  tlip  iu\tU  «<*  i.:»  r*         i 
fie  h  hrhT T'*'  "■"  "•"•''^'  '^"' '^-•'  "       V       nd  7;:: : 
.ut  ret^.  rng,  'anT^nSu^^r  a"!."  d'  '"■ '"'  •"i"'"^'  ^'^ 
uniformly  ij'moi  "e  pat„r"xt^:'  ZV"  '""""^ 
fiionate  Saviour  t\m  PriL^  r  »        '       "^  ^''®  c^nipas- 

suffered  fo^rieav'in'g'r V  LZ:Tel!:'J""'''',  ''t 
follow  his  steps,  whorwhen  he Ts^rVitcI  L'  rt'Tn 
not  again;  when  he  suffered,  he  hrea  ene.l  „',.,  1.  .  "^ 
mitted  himself  tohim  who  udgetl  right  j,ul  ^'"4?™" 
which,  to  complete  the  social  and  rel  ^io^"!?'  ^"*'' 
suppose  that  they  unitediv  o»r,»t„  *^i  .1,  <="'""""">", 
Christ's   broken    body   and  '^slld     ,1  ^  "^"'}"'*'  "^ 

Pa.twith.he  tenderest^ken  ofChrT«'  ^if  "'"" 
and  love.     They  leave  lie  „o«   f  t-l"-istian  fellowship 

It  nowbecomesthenti^erLu  'dmv  TiT"  ^'  ™«- 
l«ws  of  war,  and  in  consistency  wfh      "''^''"'"'=*  '"  "'« 

^"^i^^:ttt;it5-^— 

jn  order  .0  perfor^  wh^Ts  faltj' '  ,rfr"J;.?!"."T"' 


!H5B! 


64 


LETTERS,  &c. 


^  ! 


half  of  their  crews  n.e  wallowii.jr  in  their  hh)0(l,  anil 
expiring  in  agonizing  groans  and  heaii-rcmiing  throes, 
a  v.ocnt  effort  must  be  made  by  one  or  both,  to  board 
the  other,  and  end  ilie  contest  sword  in  hand.  Theie 
hands  which  so  recently  saluted  each  other  with  a 
Chnstinn  love  and  friendship,  now  plunge  the  envenom- 
ed  steel  into  their  brethren's  breasts  '  "  ^  «nvenom 

\vt!'lt^T  ''  """'^"it«^  «"d  yields  to  the   other!* 
liold..    f    .      ''T  ""''"'^.'^  ^"■"''"'"'  ^"  ""  impartial  he- 
rn  m^^^^^  remained    alive    after   the   bloody 
conflict,     should    again     unite     in    prayer,     and    mve 
hanks    to    God,  for  'having   strengthened  tlfeir  arms 
to  slaughter  their  enemies ;'  and   for  '  having  shielded 
their  lives  in  the  hour  of  battle  !'  i^  ^ »-" 
Thus  with   Christian  hands  drenched    in   Christians' 
blood,  resumini^r  a  rdigious  fellowship  and    con.mumon 
vrh  such  .anctimoim.us  airs  of  gravity  and  counterfeit 
love,  as  Judas  hcanot  assumed    when    he    approached 
Uinst  and  said.  'Hail  Master,  and  kissed  him;'  after  he 
had  both  sold  nod  betrayed  him    into   the  hands   of  his 
murderers.     And  such  as  Jaab  hid  his  murderous  pur- 
pose under,wheii  he  took  his  friend  Ama.^a.hy  the  beard 
to  ki^s  hun,  and  at  the  same  instant  thrust   his   daycer 
into  his  heart.     But  these  successful  Christian  Murder- 
ers  are  applauded  and  extolled  to   the  skies,  and    their 
names  and  deeds  are  eulooized,  blazoned  and  pourtray- 
ed  by  I  nets,  Minstrels,  and  Historians;    while    on    the 
glided  wings  of  fame,  tljey  fly  to  principalities  and  poxv- 
ers;  the  rulers  of  the  darkness  of  this   world,    (amowcr 
wh/^;m  Apollyon  is  chief.)  and  to  spiritual  wickedness  in 
hi^^h  places.     \\  here  all  their  atrocious  crimes  of  blood- 
gudliness  and  murder,  and  every  outrage  and  abomina- 
tion aulhorii-ed  in  war»  are  in  a  moment  cancelled— be- 
ing hid  in  mjigiiificen^e  and  drowned  in  stale!!  Just  as 
though  they  had  never  trampled  under  foot,  the  authori- 
ty of  Christ— violated  his  sovereign  commands,  or  blas- 
phemously ascribed  the  works  and  devices  of  Apollyon, 
to  the  meek  and  lowly  Jesus,  the  Prince  of  Peace. 

Most  ardently  d(  siring  the  evangelical  reformation  of 
all  the  kingdoms  of  this  world,  lying  in  wickedness,  and 
ferveratly  praying  ihui  you,  and  all  oilier  'Ambassadors 
of  Christ,'  with  ail  the  members  of  his   Mystical  Bodv, 
GO  the  habitable  globe,  may  daily  be  found  engaged  la 


/ 


LETTERS,  &t. 


lood,  and 
»g  thrors, 
to  luturd 
I'lieie 
r  with  a 
anvenoni- 

i«  other  !• 
artial  be- 
e  bloody 
md  ^ive 
eir  arms 
shielded 

iriftians' 
nmufiion 
uriterfeit 
)roaehed 

afie.r  he 
8  of  his 
ouH  pur- 
le  Lea  id 

dnjiger 
Miirdrr- 
id  their 
Diirtiay- 

on  tiie 
rid  pow- 
(amowg 
InesH  in 
f  bU)od- 
aoniina- 
Bd — be- 
Just  as 
ujthori- 
)r  blas^ 
ollyon, 
e. 

Jtion  of 
ss,  and 
ssadors 

Bodv, 
ged  in 


/ 


65 

nhf.  work  of  ,  ifr/itrousness,  which  is  pence  '—that  so  the? 
may  enjov  the  Meeuhar  ble^.oUiiess  promised  by  Christ. 
CO  all  J'caccmakirs,  ' 

1  sub««ribe  myself,  Sir, 

your  unfeigned  friend, 

John  Casey. 

^    ir    ^  .'  BuRPORD,  Dec.  15,  1825. 

ToJIr.  Cokman,  M.  P.  P.  Kingston. 
Kespected  Friend, 

Havin^rhad  the  pleasure  of  conversing  a  little  with 
you,  on  the  important  subject  of  y>.m««c«<r/«r/wn/W5«/ 
peace,  I  now  take  the  hberly  of  uddressin.  you  by  lX 
ter,  as  I  doubt  not  you  are  still  friendly  to  the  benevolent 
objects  of  Peace  Societies,  and  the.pread  of  tl'e  r  'van 
gehcal  principles  of  permanent  and  universal  pelce 
throughout  the  nations  of  the  earth.  ^         ' 

Feace  Societies  are  often  reminded  by  the  advocates 
for  war,  that  subjects  are   imperatively   commamled  f„ 
tbe  Gospel  of  Christ,  'to  offei!  up  prayers,  T.Zhl^^Z 
and  g,v,ng  of  thanks,  for  Kin^s,  alid   for  all   1  ar  a^^^^^^ 
authority  under  them.'     This  Christian   du  y     rl'A 

and  pacific  Denomination.,  have  never  forgotten       But 
as  the  wisdom  which  descendeth  from  abo.l      d'clufed 
by  St.  James,  to  be  without  partiality/,  as  we  I  as  wMo^ 
hypocrisy,  we  would  exhort  all  to  remember   hu  !'  1  in 
S|m-od  Apostle  first  commands  '  that  supp  ica   ons       av" 

m"; '?n'nr""''  "^'  ^'^'"^  <'^•thanki;^,e  made  Vo  a^^i 
men  and  then  mentions  kin<r,,  and  all  in  authority  -. 
Wei    knowing  that  Peacemakers,  whom  the    righteous 

bannv  r;f -^"^^^  "f  '"'  ''^*'^  pronounced  bles^S 
lappy   and  to  whom  he  gave  the  most  lovin^r  nnrl  ^     . 

honorable  appellation  of  '  Children  \^?Ld",vo:Td 
often  feel  cause  to  despair  of  ever  seeing  thdr  cVuen^.^ 
d.ctive     warring   and    blood-thirsty    rulers    conJ'^^' 

'^^.^:^:^^^  T^i^  I.V  ng-:;r;;„i 

.    .     .      ^  vjim  i^i   t  eace.        And  hnw  ifiiir.1-.^-^^.  -_    .1 

(5* 


I 


«a         f 

knew  by  bitter 


LETTERS,  &c. 


ejfperience,  tbat  ♦  he  that  hateth  his  broth- 
er, is  a  murderer,'  and  while  indulging  that  evil  spirit  of 
ill  will   and  hatred   in  his  breast,  even  in  wishing  the 
arms  of  his  country  to  prove  victorious  over  his  brethren 
in  a  foreign  country,  when  he  knows  in  his  heart,  victory 
nriust  be  purchased  by  carnage  and  murder,   on  botli 
sides ;  though  he  should  never  break  forth  into   angry 
or  bitter  revilings,  much  less  into  blows,  wounds  or  ac- 
tual murder  of  his  brethren,  in  public  or  private  warfare, 
yet  in  the  sight  of  that  God,  whojudgcthnotasman  judg- 
etli,  and  who  hath  declared  '  he  will   bring  every   work 
into  judgment,  with  every  secret  thing,  whether  it  be 
good  or  whether  it  be  evil,'  they  are  declared '  murderers,' 
and  cannot  have  eternal  life  abiding  in  them.       Also 
knowing  by  bitter  experience,  that  so  long  as  they  obey- 
ed the   laws  and  authority  of  men,  in  defiance  of  the 
laws  and  authority  of  the  God  of  Heaven  ;  they  were  ac- 
tually guilty  of  idolatry,  in  his  sight.      And  while  they 
continued  to  ascribe  the  murders  and  ravages  of  war  to 
Christ  Jesus,  the  Saviour, instead  of  Apolljon,  the  des- 
troyer dwelling  in  the  hearts,  leading,  guiding  and  influ- 
encing the  councils  and   conduct   of  these   armies  of 
professed  Christians,  engaged  in  bloody    conflict    witli 
each    other,   they   were  actually  guilty  of    blasphemy 
against  the  Son  of  God ;  though  hot   guilty  of  the   un- 
pardonable sin,    by    blaspheming    against    the    Holy 
Ghost,  in  the  malicious  and   aggravated  sease  of  the 
Jews  of  old. 

It  is  equally  worthy  of  remark,  that  in  a  parallel  text, 
wherein  St.  Peter  commands  us  to  honor  the  king ;  he 
first  exhorts  us  to  '  honor  all  men;'  secondly,  to  Move 
the  brotherhood ;'  thirdly,  to  ^fear  God^  (in  all  these 
things)  and  lastly,  to  '  honor  the  king;'  well  knowing  that 
all  genuine  Christians  must  detest  and  abhor,  from  their 
Tery  souls,  the  cruel,  bloody  and  murderous  deeds,  for 
which  their  warring  kings,  were  both  toasted,  feasted, 
semi- deified,  and  extolled  to  the  skies,  and  in  the  Apos- 
tles'own  days, were  actually  worshipped, by  offering  sac- 
rifice and  burning  incense  on  their  altars,  as  well  as  reg- 
istered among  the  Pagan  gods,  and  ranked  among  the 


OcitniaCtorS  anu  SiiViOUrS  Oi   iiiuuuiuu,    uy   tiieir    miscFa 


cheated  and  enslaved   vo- 


bly  deluded,   hood-winked, 
taries. 
Thus  the  warring  kings  and  monarchs  of  the  earth, 


svere  ac- 


LETTERS,  &•.  I  67 

being  generally  monsters  of  cruelty,  and  a  disgrace  and 
reproach,  both  to  human  nature  and  the  office  of  civil 
government.     The  Apostles  plainly  saw  what  powerful 
inducements  their  characters  would  of  themselves  form 
in  the  minds  of  the  godly  and  discerning,  to  deny  them 
the  fervent  prayers  which  they  felt  a  benevolent  desire 
to  offer  up  for  all  other  men,  and  to  deny  them  the  com- 
mon honors  and  respect  which  they  might  feel  due  to  all 
other  classes  and  grades  of  their  fellow-men.      Where- 
fore in  the  pure  love  and  heavenly  benevolence  of  the 
Ixospel,  the  Apostles  enjoin  us  in  the  last  place,  *  to  hon- 
our the  king,  and  to  offer  up  prayers   and  supplications 
tor  kings,  and  for  all  that  are  in  authority.'     But  we  sol- 
emnly ask  the  votaries  for  war,  if  they  can  imsarlne  the 
Apostles  intended  by  these  godly  admonitions,  that  pray- 
ers, supplications,  intercessions  and  giving  of  thanks, 
should  be  offered  up  for  their  success  while  engaged  in 
the  murderous  enterprises  and  blood-thirsty    xpcdltions 
ot  war  ?    We  will  answer  for  them;  surelv  not.     For 
what  other  end  then,  did  the  inspired  Apostle  exhort  us 
in  1 1«  last  place,  to  offer  up  prayers,  supplications,  &c. 
tor  kings  and  all  that  are  in  authority  ?  The  Apostle  him- 
eelt,  telis  us    for  what  end,  in  the  very   words  next  fol- 
lowing, viz.  'that  under  them  we  may  live  peaceable  and 
g'mc^/i^cs,  (not  warring  and  distracted  ones,)  m  all  ffod- 
hness  and  honesty;'  not  to  fatten  on  the  blood  and  spoils 
ot  our  brethren  of  another  country,  or  on  the  blood  and 
sweat  of  our  own  fellow-citizens. 

To  this  it  is  often  objected  that  the  mai?istrate  bear- 
eth  not  the  sword  in  vain.  But  it  is  plain  from  the  con- 
text, that  this  is  the  sword  of  judicial  auihoritv,  and  not 
ot  military  engagement.  Besides  the  expression  of 
bearing  the  sword,  is  evidently  figurative,  and  was  then 
used  and  remains  in  use  to  the  present  day,  to  convey 
tiie  Idea  of  civil  infliction  or  severity. 

For  many  ages  prior  to  the  time  of  St.  Paul,  power 
had  been  attained  by  the  sword,  and  the  instrument  of 
power  had  become  its  symbol ;  which  symbol  of  pow- 
er, fet.Faul  himself  saw,  as  did  also  hundreds  of  other 
laitntul  witnesses,suspended  at  the  ceilimrs  of  the  Rnmn^ 
courts  ot  justice.  Moreover  this  symbol  of  power  has 
been  in  use  from  fet.  Paul's  day  to  the  present  time,  and 
ftas    been   borne  before    chief    magistrates  and   civil 


m 


LETTER?;,  &c. 


M 


officers  of  other  grades,  in  most  of  the  nations  of  Eu- 
rope,  on  certain  days  of  celebration  and  honor. 

The  ver)' connection  of  this  passage,  (though  so  often 
quoted  and  dragged  into  the   service  of  war's    bloody 
Moloch,  by  sanguinary,  time-serving  priests  and  crafty, 
cles.gr:ing  pohiicians,)   proves   to  a  demonstration,  that 
the  Apostle  had  not  the  least  reference  or  the  slitrhtest 
allusion  to  a  right  of  waging  war,  but  merely  to  the  wdi^ 
cml  power  of  punishing  refractory  subjects  for  evil  Ms, 
J\or  does  his  use  of  the  word  sword,  imply  that  this  was 
the  most  proper  instrument  for  punishing  the  guilty  — 
1  he  passage  can  afford  no  proof  that  it  was  right  even 
tor  a  I  agan  government  to  wage  war  ;  much  lees,  if  pos- 
sible, could  jt  prove  that  a  Christian  ruler  may  imitate  a 
l^agan  despot,  in  adopting  this  savage  custom  for  the  set- 
tiemeni  of  disputes,  or  for  extension  of  empire. 

With  sentiments  of  Christian  love  and  esteem,  believe 
me,  dear  feir. 

Your  sincere  friend,  and 

hearty  well  wisher, 

John  Casey. 

Blenheim,  December  20,  1825. 
To  the  same. 
Sir, 

Having  quoted  a  few  remarks  in  my  last,  from  my 
worthy  friend,  the  learned  and  pious  Author  of  ''  The 
Friend  of  Peace,"  I  beg  leave  to  quote  a  few  additional 
remarks,  from  his  candid  and  impartial  Review  of  Dr. 
Alexander  M'Cleod's  five  Discourses  in  vindication  of 
tiie  lawfulness  of  war,-^io  which  Review,  none  have  yet 
ventured  to  reply. 

If  the  sanguinary  priests  and  other  votaries  of  the  god  of 
war  should  preach  and  maintain  that  it  is  the  duty  of 
Christian  rulers  to  employ  the  sword  for  the  subversion 
of  Chrstianity,  and  the  establishment  of  a  Pagan  mil- 
itary despotism,  (for  which  purpose  Nero,  and  many 
other  Emi>erors  of  Rome,  actually  did  employ  the  sword) 


very  luing," 


might  quote  and  vehemently  urge  the  language  of  8t. 
1  aul,  with  as  much  propriety  as  they  now  do,  to  prove 
the  right  of  waging  war  for  •  actual  injuries  inflicted  or 


ns  of  Eu- 

• 

h  so  often 

*s   bloody 

id  crafty, 

tion,  that 

slightest 

the  Judi- 

evil  deftds, 

this  was 

guilty.-— 

ght  even 

es,  if  pos- 

imitate  a 

)r  the  set- 

1.  believe 


Dasey. 


1825. 


lom  my 
»f  ''  The 
Iditional 
N  of  Dr. 
•ation  of 
have  yet 

le  god  of 
3  duty  of 
Jversion 
an  mil- 
i  many 
*  sword) 
:,"  they 
e  of  kSI. 
to  prove 
licted  or 


LETTERS,  &c.  qo 

about  to  be  inflicted.'    If  p«ul',  la„j:„a»e  may  be  iu.t- 
ly  .-Hed  as  a  proot  of  the  right   of  wagTnR  war  at  al 
It  may  sur.^ly  be  emph.yed  i„  support  of  ««einK  offeni 
»ive  wars,  and  wars  of  conqnesi,  afier  the  nuu.ner  of  the 

hlv  ^  B  *'""'  "'"  •^P'"'"'  "•"'  "  »■«'  unquestion.. 
by  the  Roman  !foverj,met,t  he  had  in  vie*r.  It  is  prob- 
able  that  tio  other  passage  of  scripture  has  ever  been 
more  bhndly  or  wantonly  perverted  and  abused,  to  S 
0  o|,pression,  wars  and  ven^^eace,  on  the  part  o<  riilers 
than  the  boasted  and  triumphant  passage  now  under  re! 
view.  In  former  ages  it  was  pressed  into  the  service  of 
reliiious  and  sectarian  persecution,  with  as  good  »  graeo 
,as  the  sanguinary  Priests  of  the  present  d'ay  conthme 
o  employ  ,,  ,„  support  of  war,  which  has  been  nroper- 

we  IThol'    I'l""'  ,""^  ."'"""^  Pei^ution.    ffid 

Irsecatio^   ,^^  "'"'•    "'""  *!'«'•''•'«■•  ma„.sla«t.hter, 
peisecution,   revenge  or  massacre,  has  not  been  sm„.n! 

He  heareih  not  the  sword  in  vain"— just  as  thotiu.h 
an  Aposio he  admonition  to  the  Christian  at  IW  and 
through  them  to  all  Christian  people  th,„,,Zut  U A 
world,  to  be  meek  an.l  peaceabll,  forbear  „,"lrli„* 

lers,  to  be  warmukers,  tormentors  onj  murderers  — 
But  so  long  as  miuisters  of  the  Christian  rS.m 
shall  continue  servile  and  fawning  sycophm.t,!!™^ 

lo.  of  .Snto/ffl  lor  riward  ;  teaching  for  hire  ;  twistino- 
and  pcrvertmg  the  all-pure,  all-peaceful,  all  I  ,v  "»  a"! 
benevolent  religion  of  the  Prince  of  Peace,  inio  the  de- 
mon of  carnage  and  war-speaking  lies  h.     vnoc'isv 

-da  iWnr^  ""  ''"T'""^'  •'"'  "'"""""JntentfornKm 
—daubing  precious,  but  guilty  and  deluded  souls    with 

untempered  mortar,  and°crying  out  peace.  Peace    He» 

ven,  happiness  and  glory,  to  blood-thirsty  T^d  m'.irder 

er'^^dth:"."'"."  ".",  ^"'"^  -'"   '-'-"-d 

of  ininnitv.  \..^a"\  "'•  J^/  S""  '"'  "'"^i  Hess  and  bondg 
cmXZa  i'on  o^'h  vi!^  ^'^""^  ^"ilti"e«s.  and  under  th* 
wnom   .t!       1       ^^^'^^'^^^  ««^J  premeditated  murders 
-Zl  nl?'?^   "nd  unchangeable    truth  hath  declare .' 
have  not  eternal  life  abiding  in  them."     When  ih    * 


70 


LETTERS,  &c. 


must  know  that  "no  unclean  thing  can  enter  the  ffates 
of  th»»  new  Jerusalem ;"  but  that  »'  the  fearful  and  un- 
believing:, and  the  abominable,  and  murderers,  and 
whoremongers,  and  drunkards,  and  sorcerers,  and  idol- 
ators,  and  all  liars,  shall  have  their  part  in  the  Lake  that 
burneth  with  fire  and  brimstone,  which  is  the  second 
death." 

Alat !  alas !  what  then  will  avail  all  the  •*  regal  pomp," 
the  "immortal  renown,"  the  "trophies  and  laurels  of 
victory,"  the  "  glories  of  conquest,"  the  "  monuments 
of  immortal  fame,"  the  "  honors  of  war,"  the  syco- 
phantic adulation,  and  the  empty  puffs  of  popular  ap- 
plause, which  can  only  float  on  the  breath  of  the  mise- 
rably deluded,  wondering,  servile  and  cheated  multi- 
tude, who  erect  such  monuments,  and  lavish  out  such 
fulsome  flattery,  to  the  praise  and  renown  of  such  gay 
rainbow  butchers,  and  mighty  and  abandoned  murder- 
ers—the legaliUProbbers  and  destroyers  of  mankind. 

But  oh, sad  reverse  !  awful  dilemma!  dreadful,  fear- 
ful doom,  for  all  those  royal  murderers,  right-honora- 
ble robbers,  right-reverend  impostors,  and  all  their 
fawning  sycophants,  cringing  votaries  and  servile  ad- 
herents, who  tread  in  their  footsteps— are  led  by  their 
spirit— obey  their  treasonable  and  rebellious  laws,  and 
with  them  have  worshipped  the  beast  and  his  image— the 
scarlet  or  bloody  colored  beast  of  aposlacy  and  whore  of 
mystic  Babylon,  who  sitteth  upon  many  waters,  inter- 
preted ill  the  Revelations  of  Jesus  Christ  to  John  the 
divine,  to  be  nations  of  ungodly  and  deluded  people ; 
of  whom,  it  must  be  confessed,  their  most  ambitious, 
bloody-minded,  and  unprincipled  chiefs,  have,  by  fero- 
cious bravery  and  murderous  valor,  obtained  to  them- 
selves honor  and  renown,  among  infuriated  and  infatua- 
ted mortals  like  themselves ;  but  no  doubt,  eternal  in- 
famy and  disgrace,  among  the  more  artful  and  intelli- 
gent demons  of  wraih ;  of  whom  a  pious  and  justly  cel- 
ebrated English  Poet  thus  writes: — 

*'  Devil  with  Devil  damned^  firm  concord  hold ; 
"  Men  only  disagree,  of  creatures  rational.^* 
In  the  Revelations  of  Jesus  Christ  to  St.  John  the 
ijivine,  tith  chap.  15th,  16th  and  17th  verses,  the  true 
state  and  character  of  all  the  warring  Kings,  chief  cap- 
tains, mighty  warriors,  bondmen  and  freemen,  of  the 
ungodly,   avaricious  and  revengeful  kingdoms  of  the 


.9 
■  < 

"4 


the  pates 
1  and  un- 
ers,  and 
and  idol- 
Lake  that 

0  second 

il  pomp," 
aurels  of 
)numents 
he  syco- 
pular  ap- 
the  mise- 
!d  multi- 
out  such 
(uch  gay 

murder- 
ankind. 
ful,  fear- 
-honora- 
all  their 
rvile  ad- 

by  their 
iws,  and 
age — the 
whore  of 
•s,  inter- 
John  the 
i  people; 
Tibitious, 

by  fero- 
to  them- 

infatua- 
:rnal  in- 

1  intelli- 
istly  cel- 

ohn  the 
the  true 
ief  cap- 
,  of  the 
of  the 


LETTERS,  &c.  .,  n 

earth,  is  described  in  language  sufficient  to  fill  the  min'ds 
ot  all  sanguinary  professors,  and  all  warring  rulers  and 
subjects,  with  lamentation,  mourning  and  woe.  The 
impressive  and  awfully  solemn  language  of  the  infalli- 
ble and  eternal  Judge  of  all  men,  runs  thus  :— 

*♦  And  the  kings  of  the  earth,  and  the  great  men,  and 
the  rich  men,  and  the  chief  captains,  and  the  mighty 
men,  and  every  bond-m^n,  and  every  free-man,  hid 
themselves  in  the  dens  andM  the  rocks  of  the  iflountains ; 
and  said  to  the  mountains  and  rocks,  lyi  on  us,  and  hide 
us  from  the  face  of  him  that  sitteth  on  the  throne,  and 
trom  the  wrath  of  the  Lamb :  for  the  great  day  of  his 
wrath  IS  come ;  and  who  shall  be  able  to  stand  ?" 

The  disgracefully  popular,  arid  well  known  distinc- 
tion made  by  apostate  christians  between  poliiical  and 
moral  right,  or  in  other  words,  between  political  expe- 
dience/ and  christian  duty,  is  a  distinction  dangerous  in 
the  extreme-not  founded  in  truth,  and  of  the  most  per- 
nicious nnd  fatal  tendency,  both  to  the  peace  and  hap- 
piness, the  lives  and  souls  of  millions  of  the  human 
tamily.  And  we  are  really  astonished  at  our  own  for- 
mer blindness  and  stupidity,  in  not  always  seeinar  in 
he  clearest  manner,  this  most  obvious  and  self-evident 

the  nature  of  things,  become  politically  riMit."  This 
axiom,  though  as  clear  as  the  noon-day  sun,  has  never- 

S  IZ  ^""r'^V^^*"'^^  by  ungodly,  timeserving 
pnests,  and  crafty,  designing  politicians-and  is  still 
opposed  by  the  vile  passions,  rooted  prejudices,  selfi  h 
interests,  and  avaricious,  vindictive  and  depraved  disno- 
smons  of  carnal  and  unholy  men  "  whose  affections  are 
set  on   things  beneath,»~who  "love  the  world"  and 

h^  F«;?  '' °^ '''"u^"'^^'  ^"^  ^^^'•«f«'-«  "the  Love  of 
uZlu  ^^""^S^e  »n  them"-who  are  friends  to  the 
ungodly  customs,  laws  and  usages  of  a  world  lyinff  in 

tie  to  be     the  enemies  ofi&od."  ■     , 

been  or".!*!!''"?",'"^^   u"  '''*  "PPO^W""   "Weh  Ims 

h, T  .1  "■:  »?,"'"""'gt'  «"  the  logicians  on  the  face  of 
boa.?  ^fh'"l ''■"'"  "l"'" '°g'«  'he  whole  world  c^n 
or  rf.:r;  ^^  u'  ""'  '°Pl'i^'-fy.  •^raft  and  ingenuity  of  men 
or  devils  to  change  it;-its  nature  must  of  necessity  re" 


72 


LETTERS,  Alc. 


In  tho  samR— and  thouorh   sophistical  reasonino'  and 
wrpfiuiine  arguments  should  cull  it  ten  thousand  different 
narnes— dress  it  up  in  as  many  different  forms,  and  aive 
It  as  many  different  complexions,  still  its  nature  and 
spirit  are  unalterably  the  same.     For  thonjrh  we   daily 
behold  the   blackest  crimes  and  rm)st   degrading  vices 
dressed  up  in  the    imposing  garb  of  virtue  and   piety, 
while  genuine  virtue  and  piety  are  habited  in  the  horrid 
and  frightful  mantle  of  terror  and  delusion— the  work  of 
the  cunning  ^rfis/.     Yet  we  matvel  not  at  these  coun- 
terfeit resemblances,  being  reminded  that  Satan  hath 
transformed  himself  into  an  angel  of  light,  and  no  mar- 
vel if  his  ministers  are  also  transformed  (or  counterfeit- 
ed) into  ministers  of  righteousness.     These  are  the  clas- 
sic moral  painters,  who,  though   they  cannot  alter  the 
natureor  spirit  of  any  thing,yet  can  with  a  little  labor  and 
iniienuiv/,  ehang^Mhe  colors  and  appearance  of  almost 
every  thing.     They  can  give  to  the  most  fceavenly  virtue 
such  an  outward  form  and  color  as  will  force  the  stoutest 
of  aged  and  learned  men  to  utterly  discard    and  run 
away  from  it.     While  to  a  vice  of  the  greatest  deformity 
it  can  pencil  out  such  charming  and  enticing  features 
9s  will  make  every  child  of  this  world's  god,  wish  to  live 
and  die  with  it. 

It  is  certain,  my  dear  friend,  that  so  long  as  the  ma- 
jority^of  the  ministers  of  religion  shall  pursue  this  anti- 
christian  line  of  conduct— flattering  the  pride  and  feed- 
ing the  ambition  of  vindictive,  avaricious  rulers,  and 
inculcating  the  anti  christian  and  destructive  doctrine, 
that  as  kings  and  magistrates  they  are  not  bound  to  obey 
the  peaceful  arid  benevolent  precepts  of  the  Prince  of 
Peace,  but  have  a  right  to   wage  war  "  for  any   actual 
injuries  inflicted  or  about  to  be  inflicted,"  we  may  expect 
that  the  land  will  frequently  be  crimsoned  and  manured 
wjth  the  blood  of  its  inhabitants.     For  is  it  not  a  most 
l^l|<^ntable  fact,  that  for  mfitiy  centuries  the  rulers  of 
christian  nations  have  conduft^ied  on  the  anti-fchrisiian 
and  destructive  principle,  that  askings  and  magistrates 
they  were  not  bound  to  imitate  Ahe  merciful,  bcneval  nt 
aufl  forgiving  character  and  disposition  of  the  benelicent 
Parent  and  Rider  of  tlu    universe — were  not  bf>nnd  to 
rule  in  the  fear  of  God,  (the  proper  Spirit  of  H^ar  sta- 
tion) and    "  be  therefore  merciful,  even  as  our  Father 
who  is  in  heaven  is  mercifur'—And  what  has  huan  ih« 


letters',  &e. 


9>0' 


78 


consequences  ?  Christendom  has  been  agolgotha — a  very 
field  of  blood  !  Public  robbery,  pi  racy,  violence  and  mur- 
der, have  overspread  both  sea  and  land ! ! !  Never,  never, 
did  an  error  more  heretical  and  impious  in  its  nature,  or 
more  fatal  in  its  tendeticy,  enter  the  mind  of  a  Mahom- 
etan, a  Pagan,  or  even  a  Maniac — nor  one  that  haa  ac- 
tually occasioned  more  guilt  and  calamity  to  the  human 
race. 

This  one  practical  and  murderous  error  of  the  heart 
and  life  has,  in  all  probability,  hurried  into  eternity  i» 
an  unprepared  state,  nearly  as  many  souls  as  now  exist 
in  all  the  nations  of  professed  Christendom,  almost  all 
bearing  the  name  of  Christian  ! !  I  But  why  this  waste 
of  human  blood  and  human  treasure — this  destruction, 
of  myriads  of  immortal  and  never-dying  souls  ?  Let  ug 
pause  a  moment,  and  blushing  for  human  depravity, 
enquire  for  what  was  all  this  immense  sacrifice  of  hu- 
man life  and  human  happiness  ?  For  what  this  wanton 
destruction  of  the  lives  and  souls  of  so  many  thousands 
and  millions  of  professed  Christians  ?  Truth-  and  hon- 
esty compel  us  to  own  the  deph»iable  and  disgraceful 
fact,  *  that  It  was  solely  to  grratify  the  worst  passions  of 
hell  — '  the  avarice  or  revenge  of  misguided  or  unprin- 
cipled men' ! ! !  ' 

ilow  shocking  then  is  the  thought,  that  after  all  the 
crimes,  the  desolations  and  miseries  occasioned  by  this 
truly  blasphemous  heresy,  it  should  still  be  advocated 
by  the  majority  of  the  ministers  and  members  of  nearly 
all  the  professedly  godly  and  reformed  churches  of  Eu- 
ropean and  American  Christendom  ! !  What  is  the  im- 
port of  the  deleterious  distinction  but  this?  That  the 
ruler,  » as  a  man,'  is  bound  to  be  meek,  peaceful  and 
forgiving.— but  '  as  a  ruler;  he  may  indulge  all  the  war- 
ring  and  iimlevolent  passions  of  Hell !  '  As  a  man  ' 
lie  must  be  an  humble  follower  of  the  Messiah,  but  'as 
a  ruler  or  magistrate^  be  may  be  a  follower  of  Mahomet ! 
Asa  man,  he  must  be  a  child  of  our  Merciful  Father 
in  maven,  but  » as  a  Magistrate  he  may  be  a  child  of  the 
inly  devour?  ^  '^''"2^'°"'  ^''  about  seeking  whom  he 

,  J*'''i!^.'V'"^t'^«an^<^doteof  the  gentleman  who  was 
both  a  B.,hop  and  Duke  may  a  (To  ?d  a  very  clear  Tnd 
striking  Illustration  of  the  doctrine  now  under  review. 

•  ■     7  - 


T4 

Thia   Bishop 


LETTERS,  &c. 


id  Duke,  being  one  day  reproved  hy  a 
Jricnd,  for  immoral  conduct,  as  unbecoming  the  char- 
acter of  a  Bishop,  he  replied  that  it  was  not  as  the 
Bishop,  but  as  the  Duke  and  the  gentleman  that  he  in- 
dulgod  in  these  excesses.  Alas !  alas  !  (said  the  repro- 
ver) wb?t  will  at  last  become  of  the  Bishop,  when  the 
Duke  shall  be  seni  to  hell  for  his  crimes  ! ! 

If  we  may  judge  of  the  views  of  professed  Christian 
rulers,  by  their  daily  conduct  in  preparing  for,  or  enga- 
ging in  the  savage  and  murderous  business  of  war  with 
each  other,  it  would  be  natural  to  suppose  that  eleva- 
tion to  office  frees  them  at  once  from  all  obligations  to 
regard  the  plain,  positive  and  unequivocal  precepts  of 
Christ,  in  their  official  conduct — and  that  '  as  rulers^* 
they  may  slaughter  men  by  thousands ;  burn,  ravage 
and  destroy  the  properties  and  lives  of  their  fellow-men 
and  Christian  brethren,  no  matter  whether  they  be  in- 
nocent or  guilty,  friends  or  foes,  and  still  be  regarded 
as  the  real  followers  of  Christ ! !  How  very  partial  and 
superficial  must  we  consider  all  these  fancied  reforma- 
tions and  conversiou»i<7  6e,  while  such  sanguinary  and 
malignant  principles  are  cherished  and  reduced  to  prac- 
tice? Instead  of  vehemently  urging  this  anti-christiaa 
and  fatal  distinction,  it  should  be  the  aim  of  every  Min- 
ister of  the  Prince  of  Peace,  to  make  the  Magistrate 
fuel  that  although  he  is  a  ruler,  he  is  still  but  a  man — a 
man  who  must  give  account  of  himself  unto  God  for  all 
his  public  as  well  as  private  conduct ;  that  as  a  Christian 
ruler,  he  is  solemnly  bound  to  act  on  the  meek,  peacf^- 
ful  and  forgiving  principles  of  the  religion  he  professes; 
that  if  he  shall  fail  of  obeying  the  laws  and  authority 
of  Christ,  and  displaying  the  Christian  spirit  in  his  offi- 
cial conduct,  he  will  be  as  liable  to  condemnation  and 
the  puniahmentdue  to  incorrigible  and  refractory  rebels 
against  Heaven,  as  any  private  Citizen;  and  that  if  he 
indulges  the  opposite  spirit  of  ambition,  avarice  and 
revenge,  and  wantonly  plunges  a. nation  ihto  the  crimes 
and  miseries  of  war ;  the  blood  of  murdered  mea  will 
cry  to  God  for  vengeance  against  him.  Though  it  must 
never  be  forgotten  that  *  everi/  man*  shall  bear  the  pun- 
ishment of  his  own  sins~no  ruler  on  earth  being  able 
to  redeem  -liis  subjects,  or  give  to  God  a  ransom  for 
them,  and  therefore  cannot  bear  the  punishment  due  to 
their  crimes,  ^or  eternal  truth  hath  declarecl  "every  man 


ffi^ 


I 


"v^Sf"*  ' 


LETTERS,  &c.  75 

must  render  account  of  himself  unto  God  for  all  the  deedi 
done  in  the  body,  whether  they  have  been  good,  or  wlie- 
ther  they  have  been  evil." 

With  my  best  wiahes  aird  most  fefvent  prayers  for 
the  universal  reformation  of  all  men,  both  ruierS  aad 
•ubjects,  I  remain,  Sir, 

Your's  unfeignedly. 

John  Casey. 


Sir, 


Blexheim,  Dec.  20,  1825. 
To  John  Rolph,  Esq,  M.  P,  P.  Vittoria. 


As  an  Agctt  for  promoting  the  establishment  of 
«•  Peace  Societies,"  in  this  and  in  foreign  countries,  I 
be^  leave  respectfully  to  address  you  as  an  enliglitened 
Civilian,  on  the  long  neglected  subject  of  the  Anti-chris- 
#m»  character  of  war,  and  its  utter  incompatibiliry  with 
the  Institution  of  Civilized  a^d  Christian  Government. 

If  there  is  in  the  affairs  of  mortal  men,  any  one  thing 
(says  the  learned  and  evangelical  Erasmus,  nearly  300 
years  agb,)  which  it  is  proper  ww/bm/y  to  explode^ 
which  It  is^  incumbent  upon  every  man,  by  every  lawful 
means,  to  deprecate  and  oppose,  thai  one  thing  h  donbt- 
less,  WAR.  There  is  nothing  more  clearly  proscribed, 
or  more  pointedly  condemned  in  the  Gospel  of  Christ 
tlian  war,  and  every  passion  and  disposition  of  the  heart 
irom  which  it  can  proceed— nothing  more  unnaturally 
wicked-^more  productive  of  miser y^more  unworthy  of  man 
as  formed  by  nature,  much  more  of  man  oro/cssm^  Chris^ 
tiamty:  yet  wonderful  to  relate,  in  these  times,  as  well 
as  in  forme^ages,  war  is  almost  every  where  and  on 
the  slightest  pretext  undertaken;  cruelly  and  sava^^elv 
conducted,  not  only  by  Mahometans  and  Infidels,  "but 

^y  ^l^^ons  or  men  professing  themselves  the  followers  of 
r*e    Prince  of  Peace !  /  f  '^  J 

kn^wTw '^^  ""'^^  possessing  common  sense  does  not 
tt^l^'^r^l'j  !::«.". -iV^  mildest /.m,  is  cruel  and 
DVinaVnUr' J"rk'"''""^^  suDversive  of  the  fundamental 
principles  ot  liberty  and  social  order,  (without  which 
cmhzed  and  Christian  government  cannit  exis"  Doel 
not  war  (even  in  its  mildest  form)  bring  and  retain  th^ 
mass  of  every  community  undor  the  cruel  bondage  of 


TO 


LETTERS,  &c. 


I! 


i     I 


military  dospotlgm  ?  And  are  not  llio  lives  and  fortunef 
ol  innocent  and  unoffending  railJions,  in  all  such  cases, 
at  the  will  and  the  sport  of  their  warring  tyrants''— 
n  here  martial  law  is  proclaimed,  we  solemnly  ask,  ♦  is 
not  civil  liberty  cast  down  V  Does  not  despotism  raise 
her  horrid  ensign  in  its  »'n  o  l  And  does  she  not,  by 
her  licentious  and  abund  .a^d  crimes,  fill  the  dungeons 
and  scaffolds  with  h«  r  wh  -made  victims!  ! 

It  is  a  notorituis  fact  that   war  generates  a  spirit  of 
anarchy  and  rebellion,  which  is  destructive  to  liherti/. 
When  the  inhabitants  of  a  country  arc  engaged  in  the 
peaceable  employments  of  agriculture. musinfactures  and 
commerce,  anarchy  awd  rebellion  seldom  occur;  and 
when  they  do,  every  honest  man  will  say,  the  grounds 
and  causes  of  them  were  laid  and  brought  forth  by  tho 
wretched  state  to  which  the  preceding  wai?  had  reduced 
the  impoverished  and  complaining  multitude.     When 
useful  employments  flourish,  abundance  flows  in  on  ev- 
ery side — benevolenfe  and  humanity  cast  a  smile  over 
the  land,  and  pleasure  beams  in   almost   every  counte- 
nance.    To  turn  the  attention  of  nations,  or  the  majori- 
ty of  industrious  individuals  from  these  peaceable  and 
useful  employments  to   the  muidering  and   destructive 
bui^incss  of  war,  is  surely  an  evil  of  the  greatest  magni- 
tude.    The  great  object  of  nations  at  war,  is  to  rouse 
up  what  Ihey  style,  on  all  sides,  '  the  patriotism  of  the 
country,'  and  *  national  valor,'  which  is  in  fact  nothing 
less  than  raising  and  inflaming  the  most  hateful  and  de- 
structive passions,  against  their  own   peace  and  safety, 
and  lor  their  own  ntulual  destruction. 

Dr.  Moore  very  justly  observes,  that  the  greatest  part 
of  the  standing  airaies  of  the  nations  of  Christendom, 
no  less  than  the  armies  of  Pagan  and  Mahometan  na- 
tions, secure  the  despotism  of  their  warring  rulers,  whose 
maintenance  is  a  severe  burdf^n  upon  the  countries  which 
support  them.  The  individuals  who  compose  these  ar- 
mies are  misnable,  by  the  tj-ranny  exercised  over  tl^m, 
and  are  theniheives  the  cause  of  tlie  greatest  misery  la 
their  fellow- citizens,  by  the  i  vranny  they  exercise.  But 
it  is  .Slid  *  they  defend  the  mtion  from- foreign  enemie?^ ' 
AIns !  alas!  cotild  a  foreign  conqueror  occasion  more 
wretchcdnc'jis  than  such  defenders?  When  thr  who 
cull  themselves  '  jMOtectort-'  havo  stripped  me  of  n-  . 
property  and  deprived  mo  of  my  freedom,  x  cannot  r«- 


LETTERS,  &c. 


77 


turn  them  very  cordial  thiUiks  wlien  theylouflly  boast 
thai  tlitjy  will  def«iitl  me  from  nil  other  public  robbers  ! ! . 
To  Dr.  Mo  ^re's  observations  I  shall  ad<!  a  sketch  of 
the  pachetic  and  im^jrossive  address  of  Dr.  Hartly,  to 
the  aviiricioui  and  warruij?  rulers  of  Christendom,  than 
which,  no  langnage  can  be  found  more  just  and  anoro- 
priate  : — 

"Hoiv  lonj?,  ye  potentates,  will  ye  continue  to  lay 
heavy  bu'dens  on  your  people,  and  to  add  poverty  to 
war  7  How  long  will  ye  give  cause  to  Turks  and  Indians 
to  say,  fie  upon  these  Christians?  IIow  do  they  delight 
in  hitjod  !  Say,  is  a  punctilio  of  honor,  some  rivalshipia 
false  glory,  worth  the  peaco  and  treasure  of  kingdoms, 
and  the  lives  of  many  thousands  of  your  subjects?  Do 
you  know  the  end  and  irisue  of  war,  or  do  you  under- 
stand liow  the  course  of  nature  is  set  on  fire  by  tlic  wrath 
and  fury  of  enra<rod  men,  so  as  to  produce  the  most 
dreadful  efftjcts?— And  what  is  all  this  contention  for? 
Is  it  for  a  little  more  earth  in  some  distant  part  of  the 
world,  which  perhaps  you  can  neither  people  nor  cul- 
tivate, and  which  »va8  at  first  torn  from  its  proper  pos- 
sessor? WJiy,  have  you  not  land  enough  already!  Or,  is 
It  for  more  trade  ?  VVhat  a  stir  and  bustle  is  kept  up  a- 
mongyou  for  more  trade,  as  if  life  and  salvation  depen- 
ded on  It !  Is  not  the  sea  wide  enough,  and  the  land  large 
Chough  for  you  all,  but  you  must  go  on  fighting  to  engross 
the  whole  trade  of  it  to  yourselves?  God' gave  Israel,  his 
people,  a  .«niall  tract  of  country  for  their  portion;  small 
indeed,  if  compared  with  what  you  already  possess;  but 
a  new  discovered  world  added  to  the  old,  cannot  aff.rd 
room  enough  for  Christians.  Bu,  O  how  little  with 
godliness  and  contentment  is  sufficient  for  a  people  that 
f^'ar  the  Lord ! 

"The  unlimite  !  ambition  of  princes  is  an  abuse  of 
government,  len  .ng  to  the  most  pernicious  efFccts— 
1  his  ardour  of  f^xtending  their  dominiong,  contrary  to 
all  reason  and  justice,  has  istuibed  the  peace  of  man- 
Kin-  ,  and  filled  the  oarth  with  violence,  in  almost  everv 
age  ;  insomuch  that  universal  history  is  little  more  than 
a  iusiory  of  wrongs  and  robberies,  committed  by  these 
great  violators  of  the  rights  of  mankind.  How  have 
the  poor  natives  in  many  countries  been  driven  out  of 
their  possessions,  and   hunted  down   like  wild  beasts* 


I 


7* 


li 


78 


LETTERS,  &c. 


What   uiillioiiH*  were  shinghtered  by  the   Spaniards  ia 
licir  first  Ameritan  expeditioiiH !    And   what  millions 
hQy«3  been  slaughtered  since,  by  other  European  imtion« 
intheLaBt  and  West  Indies,  and  other  ;)i.rt8   of  the 
globe!  It  IS  shocking  to  on    honest  heart  to  think,  whnr. 
little  claim  certnin  powers  have  to  their  possessions  in  the 
distant  countnt-H  hcibie  mentioned,  unless  violence  and 
murder,  fraudulent  dealings,  or  the  setting  up  of  a  flajr- 
stiiff  with  the  mvader's  name  upon  it,  can  Le  them  a 
sufficient  title,  a  title  which  they   would   he   ashamed  to 
allow  of  m  any  of  their  subjects  at  home;   and  yet  we 
cannot  be  unacquainted  with  the  names  of  certain  pot- 
entates now  living,  who  would  hang  a  poor  man  for  steal- 
ing a  cow,  whilst  they  ihempelves  share  a  kingdom  u- 
niongst  them,  acquired  by  rank  usurpation.      O  for  a 
JSathan  this  day  in  every  court  of  Christendom,  to  take 
up  his  parable,  and,  as  the  application  should  require  it, 
to  say,  even  to  the  most  puissant  monarch,  'Thou  art  the 
man !" 

How  many  thousand  assassins  do  we  find  running  a- 
bout  frotn  one  end  of  Christendom  to  the  other,  practi- 
sing rapine  and  murder,  according  to  discipline,  because 
It  18  (in  their  estimation,)  the  most  honorable  employ- 
nftent  in  the  world;  being  authorised  by  professed  chris- 
tian rulers,  who  must  be  honored  with  the  superemineni 
titles  of,  *  His  Catholic  Majesty;'  *Most  Christian  Ma- 
jesty;  'Most  Gracious  Majesty,  Head  of  the  Church, 
and  Defender  of  the  faith,"  &c. 

*But  what  most -showed  the  laoftil  vaniti/  of  Ufe, 

*  Was  to  behold  the  nations  all  on  fire  : 

*  In  cruel  broils  engaged,  and  deadly  strife, 

*  Most  Christian  Kings  inflamed  by  black  desire^ 
'  With  honorable  ruffians  in  their  hire, 

'  Cause  tear  to  rage,  and  blood  around  to  pour, 

*  Of  this  sad  work,  tohen  each  begin  to  tir^, 

*  They  sit  them  down,  just  where  the?/  were  before, 

*  Till  for  new  scenes  of  woe,  peace  shall  their  force 

restore.* 


*The  lowest  compulation  makes  them  twenty  mill- 
ions; and  Piuchas,  if  I  remember  right,  makes  it  fifty 
millions. 


LETTERS,  Ace. 


79 


Dear  fninid,  not  doubting  bnt  that  you  Iiavo  long  since 
learned  that  tho  everlastinjr  Jaxrs  of  Christ's  righteoui 
and  peaceable  Kingdom  can  never  ^ivc  way  to  imadna- 
ry,  political  expediency,  for  the  n^rcrrandisement  of  a 
few  mercenary  and  unprincipled  war-makers,  at  the  Ex- 
pense of  honor,  honesty,  justice,  religion  and  humani- 
ty, with  tho  tears  and  sufferings  of  widows  and  orphans 
—the  blood  and  treasure  of  kingdoms,  and  the  lives  and 
souls  of  shuighlored  millions  of  fellow- brethren,  as  de- 
serving of  life  and  its  enjoyments  as  themselves— and 
believing  that  your  love  for  truth,  and  solicirude  for  tho 
pcaco  and  happiness  of  all  the  branches  of  the  great 
and  numerous  family  of  Adam,  precludes  the  necessity 
of  my  repeated  solicitations  for  your  candid  and  unprc- 
j-^diced  examination  of  this  weighty  and  momentous 
subject,  which  you  doubtless  feel  as  deeply  inte  ostintr 
to  your  peace  and  felit-ity,  in  common  with  ull  mankind" 
1  subscribe  myself,  i-ir, 

your's  respttctfull^. 

Jon.v  Casey. 

m     ,    rT      «,  Blenheim,  1>ec.  25, 1825. 

1 0  the  Hon,  Thomas  dark,   Me^nbcr   of  the.   Legislative 
^  Council  of  U.  Canada,  4«c.  Niagara  Falls, 

Though  personally  unknown  to  you,  I  beg  leave,  as  an 
Agent  of  a  Peace  Society,  respectfully  to  address  you  in 
vindication  of  the  heaven-born  principles  of  permanent 
and  universal  peace,  and  of  the  establishment  of  civil- 
ized and  christian  government,  upon  their  basis. 

With  the  greatest  propriety,  every  honest  mind  will 
say  that  war  is  the  most  desolating  scourge  and  curse 
that  ever  irfflicted  the  apostate  nations  of  the  earth.— 
1  hat  Its  abolition  is  a  desirable  object ;  and  that  the  con- 
troversies gf  rulers,  should,  wore  it  jiossible,  be  setiled 
on  the  principles  of  civihzation,  by  referring  them  to  a 
Irtbunal,  constituted  for  that  end.  But  wh^n  tv,;^  ;...^ 
and  rational  plan,  in  opposition  to  brutal  combat,  is ''se- 
riously urged  by  Peace  Societies,  the  advocates  for  war 
triitmphantiy  exclaim,  «  What  power  can  such  a  Tribunal 
possess  to  enforce  its  decisions  ?'  This  objection  seems  to 
be  regarded  by  many  as  sufficient  to  silence  all  the  intei- 


80 


LETTERS,  &c. 


ligent  advocates  for  peace       Tf  i !,«..« r 

answer  can  be  dvei,  af.  im.«!!  *''^'^^^"^«'  «  satisfactory 

ing.  *^      ®  '"^y  "^'*^  «n  their  way  rejoic- 

jec,i„„,  (at  least  to  the  sati  fact  „„„f^''*''"«  "*'*  »''- 
quirer  after  trmli  )  ,„7h.  h  "  "'^  *'«'■}'  e^nJid  en- 

-1  •""' '"'"1.;  in  the  liile  anawer  of  th»    <!o™.t„     e 

Massaclmsetts,  to  the  Goktiidi-'.  .,.L„i       ..  "f "«'«  »( 
tioi,ed  'intelligence  and  vrtue'»?'?h        """'g™*''" 

powe.f,    as  we     as  ,|^    ''".  ?   ""  "*'■='*'""*•  f™"'  'he 
Jerived  from  the  'en  ,  .7"  ',  ""  "\^"^'gy  >>«  what  is 

e-nment,  is  ^heTefiil'^a  Il?;;:;„f  "^t'^f  7"^^" 
have  their  origin  ill  the  will  ,..',i*"  -*"."«»  "'e  laws 
carried  i„,o  !1"  eitio  '  ^  „:,,  t  T  .  h'  '°  ""^^  "* 
known  to  prevail  in  favnrV,*' "^  '.     • '    ,^  "'*   senl'mpnt 

eminent.  '  A "cl  Utu^  on  ^iJ:i'::;:i;^,r'  '""'  ^'''^ 
m.  armed  force,  is  eithei  defective  i^f  '"P*"'"  "'^ 

pie  do  not  justly  appreciate  these  r,|ts       'it    ,h'.^  f"' 

men,  expatiated  upo,>  in  the  ^^to's  anTS  .rr"°" 
ernor's  speech,  is  i,,deed  republican  B,»„«P  «''' 
cieties  are  nothing  more  nor  less  th«n  hi  '"  P«'"==-'  ^o- 
vowedly  pacific  assoei..i""„f  _"?,"''?"'""''«"'  <"«i  »" 

ais;  the  greater  part  7,f  whom^'bew",""^};'"  '"•''"'^".■ 
Denominations     n    Eurmie  m,d  4™*^  •       *■*   P!:"'<='PaI 

«i..  bedistino.,,  aJa7i:i..7'!..tl':roVh7al'.:''th  ■;■ 


atisfactory 
be  gained, 
vay  rejoic- 

e  are  liap- 
ig  this  ob- 
'andid  en- 
Senate  of 

inent  and 
i  proceed 

impulse 
Republic, 
eh   com- 
from  the 
t  what  is 
5s  in  the 
can  gov- 
he   laws 
they  are 
^ntiment 
uod  gov- 
pport  of 
OSes  lie- 
to  it 

ichment 
he  peo- 
lerefore 
ley  val- 
n,  (the 
bunded 

ible  ob- 
a  thin^ 
[)f  well 
govern - 
le  Gov- 
IC3  So- 
and  a- 
dividu- 
ncjpal 
ope  it 
,  that 


LETTERS,  &,e.  gi 

<%form  no  political  «r  sectarian  party  whatever-  n„^ 
therefore  cannat  in  the  nature  of  things,  imerfe>e\^h 

afu^rofJ,":./"™  """""' '"  SovernVem  wheTh  Vo' 
V-nurch  or  State,  in  any  nation  on  earth.  And  it  i^  in  strict 
Consistency  w,th  this  a™«,a|,  ih„,  „e  assert  no  oier 
fom  of  government  than  the  abore  namX  can  «ff  rd 

force  of  public  «pi„i„„,  when  enlightened  by  the  '  diffii 
.m„  of  nseful  knowledge  and  correct  principles  '     If7„" 
the  present  stale  of  km-ivledee  and    virtue   rwhi.K 
reaso„.,„    ,„,  hJipels'proTes.iig  i .  ™o"t 

of  the  nations  of  the  earth,  notwithstandin.  the  demor 
alizmgand  baneful  influence  of  the  di«bol"cal  war  ool 
univeLT'^"""''""""'^')  ' ""'  •""'ficiarrcommind; 

?':r  ™a^r::.  lis/s:-:;:^  rL'^v  r 

adjustment  of  national  controversies  ?      ^     '"  "'* 

GospenkhTa  ,  l""""'''  't"'  "  '"""  ^""""^  ''iff-'i""  .f 

rrh^r^-i^i-vdr^---^ 

tiaily  nece^s'irv  tnhll  ^'*^^7  .^  discipline,   is  es.^eu- 

assumedanthor  y  wl  ilh'^arr'Jl  "'"/t'"'  (J'^'  ">«  ^a-'* 
ineansofinstrri.oiTo  ri-  /"'  '"'■«'' ""™.»-itl„,ut  the  . 

vices  of  tircamwUln!'.™n '""!,'"""«  '""^'^'^  «-""'  'li« 
_   ,•          i"*-  i-amp,  Will  natnrallvf.iliow  thi.;- ,.i,i  *_„  i. 
unlicensed  nirarna  m/.^^  i  .".' *-»'-•"- wauc as 

till  .hey  ftnS  Swire  C',™'':;-^,  -"^  "-derers. 
gal!i,w9.  '  '^'    '"  ="""'  s-|)rison    oi    the 

But  notwithstanding  the  popularity  and  destroying  i„. 


m 


i 


I.ETTERS,  &c. 


mean,  which  are  ^ t  .  ''oV/S  ""'  ,r'""""''"*"S 

w..rU,  w«  n.ay  presume  .haTma"  y  yea  «  "rr/r  "" 

quis.te  to  convince  lh«  intelliffem  nf  fi  i-       ;      '  "^  "■ 

tlu..  the  principle-  of  S«„"L  an,   7  i   *""""""='• 

preferable  to  the  barbar^uf  prtciXl  oTw"""?"'  "u™ 

aj^justrnent  of  differences,  and   ha   th»  f      "■■'  ^"^  *''* 

plicable  to  „«t««„  and  r»i'r^,  IsVuJZ"""  .f*  ""- 

c.ene.a„d  prime  iiidividual//  When  „„h.™    l"  "" 

sh«n  have  been  enlightened  on  this  Tuh?-^     sentiment 

be  no  ihore  neces«arv  ,„  .«B,  j  subject,  armies  w 

ed  Tribunal  of  nafioL  thai  fhev"  ''*"""'  "^  ""*  P'"?"- 
to  a  decision  ot  Z^l  ^  ?.""  "'^  »"  «*"«  effect 
States.  **  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 

slmll  he  ii  favor  of  tr.fn,  •'','"  '"/"  "'  P""'""  "Pini"" 
ereneo  to  tl  e  orinr  Inl.   PJ"""P'e«  of  civilization,  in  pref- 

t.  ke that  course  ^uL".;""' ,,' ^^'"T^  P^^""''  """'t 
miti  tl.«are  mutua^J/  "^i'  "^  ^'"''J^ts.  must  sub- 

their  r-ibiects  sho„U  >.-  '  ■  "''.gene'-al  opinion  of 
arm ,      wll        1 1-        ■   "ga'nst  the  brutal  appeal  to 

Sl,?^f  .P"^'""'^"'''"  shall  have  been  dSlyen- 
iigJitw*  ed,  ihat  niler  who  will  nnt  c».k««:*  ^ 

^uesOoFi  to  a  Tribunal  l.Ti      -  .  '*  *  controverted 

fui  Lfno*;  i?v''r  L'"!,''*^" '"  '"T^  "f  ^^''  -^  '— 
filled  the":s'^;i.i^::/rd;rst',^'  '^t-  if 

opinion  is  liable  to  be  chancm J     t.  I      u  ."'  P"^^'^ 


II  ahoinina- 
'Umulaling 
ainate  the 
not  be  re- 
countries, 
nation,  are 
r,  for  the 
iv  are  ap- 
naller  so- 
sentiment 
rinies  will 
lie  propos- 
?ive  effect 
«e  United 

3urce  and 
ic  opinion 
n,  in  pref- 
er,' must 
nust  sub- 
ther,  and 
minion  of 
appeal  to 
duly  en- 
troverted 
:o  expose 
^ar,   will 
n.    Like 
ties,  and 


',  as  law- 
»gs,  and 
It  public 
inged  in 
i  multi- 
ished. — 
'nt,  has 
e  it  was 
chanjQ^es 
it  first 

etained 
tienjori- 
uige  in 


LETTERS,  &c,  «, 

public  sentjment,  can  thus  i»npri,o*«  i 

law., oil  en  enforce  o"c  Xcht  h"  "'"""'  °"'  "»«' 
and  as  i, can  enforce  hZlnXtl\^T'""'  ""''  "if"' 
to  humane  compacts  and  decisfor;  4^,"""/"'«  *«■"« 
»ueh  a  Tribunal  as  has  been  of  en  ^r.  '^*'^?''*  "■»"'<' 
?ed  by  acompact  bet,reer.he  r2rr„fTff'*  "^  "'S""'- 
it  w     stand  in  no  nei-d  «f  ..    ■  different  nations, 

An  enlightened  pubrc.emirmln"'.*"'/'"'^''  "' "«"■"«• 
finitely  preferable  to  a|  XmiUt  '  'InH'''''*'',*'"  ^  '"• 
ments  in  the  uniyerse.  """""^y  and  naval  establish- 

^e  may  add,  what  we  rerily  believe  to  h»  . 
the  expense  of  the  militn™   JLT         .     "^  "■"«'  ''at 

ofChristendom,foras„Zr»  T°,  .e»*«''li'l>n,eut, 
ed,  would  be  suffident  t .  m  ^  '  ''JV'''"'''"'»'y  e-np'ny- 
to  obtain  a  gentl'::^^.  "or^^rn'st  ^1:  'A '"  "J 

I  am,  Sir,  with  great  respect,  your'.,  &c. 

John  Casey. 


Sn7:cr;e?Ha'itt;f^-^^^^^ 

it.  inapplicabili  y  ^r,he  ~rH"''"'8.^"'«^"g"e 
society  in  the  naUons  a.  Ia,^ge  <''""»'-»''=«<l  «ate%f 

asMerft  w^uli'beliTsiWrt'ren^!-'''''''' '?''  """"^  '-<! 
no  wholesome  policeruld  h!  IfK^      .f'"' *='"'  ""'hoHty; 
oration;  because"an°r„,r;  !*"'",">'  "'"•"«<'  imo  op 
fiance  to  peace-oXefs  "7r,7'''™''r  '"<'»"   ^id  de- 
mandates.'         """^'S-and  refuse  submission  to  their 

"ima:;':^rc!rb':a^rd'^^^^^^^^^^^ 

|ng  armies  and  navies,  XtCt "  ir.t."""'-'  «?-"- 
"«u  iuo  iiiiiii^pg  Qf         ,  .       -        "Y^^i-  ctiiu  sailors, 

by  their  vices,  the  prC    X„X''',''°'''.'=°"'«'""'«'ed 

for  moral  improvemenraiil  °m     ?*'  •"'P'"'"'  •"««», 

general  s.ate^.,  so^trrlS^;  „t?  .'l':'-';: 


S4 


LETTERS,  &c. 


-under  the  influenoe  of  sannr.ijnary  principles  and  pre- 
judices in  favor  of  brutal  combat.,  ferocious  bravery 
and  bloody  appeals  to  the  murderous  decisions  of  dead- 
Jy  weapons  of  savage  warfare-encouraged,  supported 
and  applauded  by  warmakinor  rulers,  and  the  custom 
of  war  as  juKt  and  honorable  Tribunals  for  christian 
ll;itions. 

.,^^^^Tx^  Society  ever  yet  denied  that  in  the  present 
state  of  things,    while  mne-teiiths  of  the  people  who 
have  been  bred  up  in  a  fall  belief  of  the  lawfulness  and 
propriety  of  war  and  bloodshed,  are  still  unenlightened 
and  unrelormed,  ^eriou8  difficulties  might  arise  ih  con- 
ducting the   civil   authonty:     when  there  is  scarcely  a 
t  xvD,  hamlet,  or  neighborhood  but  what  has  men  it  wlia 
have  been  soldiers,  loaded  (as  before  expressed,)  with 
the  vices  of  the  camp— inured  to  rapine,  plunder,  and 
murder  even  of  innocent  inhabitants,  whose  only  offence 
was  their  hapjiening  to  live  in  a  country  which  their  ru- 
lers were  pleased  to  name  an  enemie*.4  country.* 

Wherefore,  the  above  objection  is  founded  on  similar 
principles  to  the  old  stale  objection  against  the  emanci- 
pation of  Negro  slaves  forty  years  ago,  in  Great  Britain 
and  the  United  Stales,  and  is  still  held  u^  as  a  popular 
objection  in  the  Southern  States,  viz:  "That  such  a 
numerous  body  of  low,  vulgar,  untutored  race  of  mor- 
tals, let  loose  atonceiipon  society,  would  he  extremely 
hazardous ;  e-^pecially  as  many  of  them  were  filled  with 
revenge,  goaded  up  to  its  highest  pitch  by  the  cruelty 
of  their  loidly  musters,  still  fresh  in  their  remem- 
brance.'^ 


But  notwithstanding  the  present  demoralized  state  of  society  in 
the  nations  at  large,  we  look  forward  in  joyful  anticipation  of  a  ban- 
pily  improved  and  joyfully  pacific  state  of  society,  the  world  over. 
While  in  humble  dependence  upon  the  word  and  promise  of  the  in- 
fallible  and  Omnipotent  Prince  of  Peace,  whohath  pronounced  the 
peace-making  labor,  one  oHhe  eight  bmtitudcs,  in  his  incomparable 
and  Dmnc  Sermo.i  on  the  Mount,  Mat.  6.  9.  and  testified  by  his 
Gospel  Prophet,  Isaiah  32.  17  "  The  work  of  righteousness  shall  be 
peace,  and  the  effects  of  righteousness,  quietgess  and  assurance  for 
ever.  And  further  assures  us  by  his  servant  James,  "  The  fruits  of 
righteousness  are  sown  in  peace,  by  them  that  make  peace;"  James 

h  ,,   "    imperatively  commands,  "  Follow  peace  with  all  men 

;*••  •   ■;: ll  '-;•";-■""  "•"«^«  »"  «'an  snail  see  ilie  Lord;  '  Hth.  12. 

14.  Peace  Societies  not  only  pray  for,  believe  in,  and  anticipate 
the  abolition  of  WHr  with  all  its  black  progeny  of  concc-mitant 
cngies,  and  the  establishment  of  universal  peace,  upon  the  b^sis  of 


Bs  nnd  prci 
is  bravery 
»8  of  dead- 
supported 
he  custom 
'  christian 

le  present 
Jople  who 
jiness  and 
liigbtened 
36  in  con- 
Bcarcely  a 
len  it  who 
ied,)  witli 
der,   and 
ly  offence 
1  their  ru- 

r    # 

• 

n  similar 
J  emanci- 
it  Britain 
I  popular 
It  such  a 

of  mor- 
xtremely 
lied  with 
e  cruelty 

remem- 


society  in 
nof  abap- 
'orld  over. 

of  the  in- 
Linced  the 
)mpaiable 
3d  by  his 
ss  shall  be 
irarice  for 
(*  fruits  of 
e;"  James 
3  all  men, 

Heb.  12. 
anticipate 
ic(»mjtant 
le  b(isis  of 


LETTERS,  &e.  gj 

The  objection  is  founded  oh  premises  never  adont.J 
ora„,.«,  .,d  by  enlightened  pl,il«„,hr„p?sTs  in  Xr 
case-In  the  latter  case  the  friends  of  Negro  etnanc? 
pa..o»  as  a  first  preparatory  step,  obtained  °n  answer 
to  the.r  memorials  both  in  the  Congress  of  the  Unlrt 
States  and  m  the  British  Parliamfnt,  the  aboliurof 

Iil1.?r'"1"  ''"'"  '?•''•,  ^*^'  ■'  ^"^  "ovod  .n  the  Le- 

t^hat  r„n  T  "  '""'!'"  •'"'  S""*""'  emancipation  of 
hat  people.  It  met  with  violent  opposition.  The«e  col- 
^s>„ns  brought  the  subject  beford  the  public  mml-!! 
morns  became  diffused,  and  led  into  more  or  le"  disc,^ 
smn  .„  e,ery  little  circle  of  acquaintance.  Here;  s°^ 
by  step  the  important  object  became  matured.  Eren  In 
he  sable  band  of  the  cruelly  enslaved  Africans,  a  Iheer- 
.ng  hope  succeeded  to  that  of  a  sullen  desponding  and  fel 

S'asedfn'".!-  '^'"'  '""'"'  "'  *"  ^'-e  trade\b:i1tion 
increased  in  the  same  proportion  that  enlightened  men 

uZZln     '^  "P""  '"/"'""  "•""'  voiceof  reason,  jus" 
facts  rflil"'^;  ""^  '"  melancholy,  incontrovertible 

war  tLt  JT."'"''  7«!',».'"'™d  that  the  friends  of  the 
of,h,,    '*'"''"]""'  ("'hid,  is  unquestionably  the  pareni 
cr«i„P         "  ■"■''•'**  "'"*  ""  """"■  ahomi'-ations,)  wTI" 
n,.d  h.         ."^  '"  "'*  '"""'  Pfopofion  that  en  ighten"d 
an<i_benevolent  minds  can  be  p'revailed  upon  , Sly 

the  othe r-reSi^n  a  ll  JK""".  ^^>  '^'  """  ""'  ^he  promotion  of 
bv  thJ^LiJ,!  A^         dead (aith,  which  must  always  be  overcome 

thetarb,rnl:e"S/fo?thZ^ 

npss  «n„-      V  .     S  *°""  t"®  peaceab  e  fru  ts  of  riffhtpnii« 

bound  plT,:^^'".^^,?^°'-^^^"g^''<^«''-«fo™«tionOb^^^^ 

And  we  a  fwen  X„^ded  hat  if  Tr'^', ''''  completion  of  both- 
kind  would  mpVif^^  ".^'^^  "''^"'^  and  teachers  of  man- 

for    he  instnirfinn   u    f     .•    -^  ^^-^  «7?3<?er5e,  has  put  in  their  power 

thirsty  classes  of  m^^^^  '^'"  I'^'  ^'''^'^'"^  and 'llood: 

present  difficulties  wh-      ttV'^'^V''"^  kingdoms  of  the  earth,  the 

created  by  tJ  e  ir  u„cl5  ifzed  'n^^^           ^r^  teachers  themselves  have 
1..     ^  V   _  uncivilized  and  corruniino^institiiii/^.^o  ,.,^,.ij  i 

^rZ^i^'^r^'r^  !f  ^'^  people  became  e;;!^^S 

loufferbeXTiedLdl/r';^  '^f  ^•■*'^'',"  '^'"'^  molock  of  war,  no 

human  sacSesM?p^*y7'^^  ^^''*''  h.catomb    of 

uuraan  sacrifices— the  deluded  victims  of  ambitious  men  1 1 

8 


80 


LETTERS,  &e. 


II)  n 


reflect,  and  impartially  examine  the  weia|,tv  «n^ 
n..i>.o«s  subjerr  non  under  consideration    A  fd  L      Ti!"" 
present  case,  everv  man  tKof      "*''**"o"'  And  as  in  the 

openly  a.p^^  Z'S  prlLip'C  Ir.rr '""'l '"'•«' 
boldly  and  undisgnUedly  "^Toa  ,'  .hi  »?  *'<'^P*'-««' 
and  Kingdom  of  tie  PriLe  of  Peace  n^'V'""'  """^o 
eneouutor  the  scffi,  ,«„„„  and  S.ro?thTr"  '" 
JHO  und  bewildered  votaries  of  wir  ^S„  ^  '"""u'" 
f«rn«,r,  as  .nany  aged  men  of  veracky  at  iiTdV  """ 
testi/y,  that  about  forty  years  a<m    =  I  . .  ^^  """ 

take  a  more  direct  .t/p'to  reS  hiZeir"'*'  ''"'^'^ 
than  to  express  a  word  in  W  of  Ne.T     *»"'.«°">«''. 
and  the  aboye  objection  strong  yulf    "'"''"«'?'"'»»• 
Now  slave  lioldiue  and  slave  H^?li„„  ■.    k 

.he  firmer  fers"arro^trib™KfAT;tir 
Janthropists  of  every  nam„  m«.  ?"5«.„.  J  Ar..""*  P*"- 


Janthropists  of  every  name  mayjoyTlly  ado;;t",he  L^h^' 

IB  app  ying  to  that  subject-"  WAat 
ce,  that  thnn  Hpi1«o*    ^«.^  ^i.       tt     . 


.rd^;'';rirnr:;rei;:s';:i:?^^^^^^^^^^ 

revenge-Satan's  strong  holds  wHl  ,,0^/1  '*'^? 
without  a  Jon,  and  laborious  sTe.e  Their  obtctt'bv 
spreading  and  disseminating  the   hnlv  !  Vi?  i' ^^ 

nnually,  peace  on  earth  and  good  will  to  men  '  to  dif 
fuse  .„  salutary  and  benign  .ul.ence  among  a^  cLts 
of  m.„  ;  so  that  step  by  step,  as  the  popular  deo^o^of 
the  sana_u,„ary  war  spirit,  wW.h breathes  out  s  a,X„ 
and  oea  h,  violation  and  murder,  comes  to  be  seen  fn 
1..S  true  light  by  mankind  in  general,  and  by  Lee'sLtive 
and  executive  bodies,  thrones  and  dominions  in  nartcu 

poor,  i,  win  graduaMy  do^^^y  VhT  ;rsers;;^irry 
...:.s  .,„d  p,,„ciple.  of  ...vengi  and  bloodsI.ed.^Tt^  J 
first,  by  multiplying  peace  characters  among  all  raX 


'ty  and  mo- 
^nd  as  in  the 
'd  forth  and 

Gospel — to 
>rious  cause 
t  expect  to 

the  sangui- 
t  was  in  the 
us  day  can 
nild  hardly 
eontemned, 
ancipation^ 

^y  popular 
enlightea- 
sunk  into 
erica,  that 
id  the  phi- 
t  the  scrip- 
— "  What 
ou  Jordan 

^  the  most 
Societies, 

I  be  effec- 
ire  of  the 
',  pensions 
d  bJoody 

bandoned 
ect  is,  by 

3nevoient 
ithe  con- 
i,'  to  dif- 

II  classes 
lusion  of 
langliter 

seen  in 
gislative 
particu- 
in  hand 
tich  and 
iguinary 
It  will 
H  ranks 


LETTERS,  &e.  §7 

and  classes  of  men,  especially  among  the  truly  reformed 
churches  of  Christ,  bring  a  vast  accession  of  strength 
both  to  the  Peace  Societies  already  formed,  and  to  hun- 
dreds which  we  doubt  not  will  yet  he  formed,  in  the  dif- 
-  lerent  nations  of  the  globe,  until  '  «Ae  earth  shall  be  fil- 
kd  mththe  knowledge  of  the  Lord,  as  the  waters  filUhe 
seas.      Then  of  a  truth  the  difficulties,  which  in  the  pre- 
sent warring  and  uncivilized  state  of  the  world  appear 
Jike  mountains,  will  become  less  than  mole  hilia—and 
people  of  every  class,  looking  back  to  the  iron,  vet  en- 
Jightened  age  in   which  we  live,  will  wonder  that  any 
should  ever  have  thought  of  the  above  objection,  which 
IS  now  so  warmly  contended  for. 

It  will  then  be  seen  that  the  above  objections  in  favor 
pt  slave  holding,  and  the  trade  of  war,  are  founded  on 
just  as  good  and  sound  reasoning  as  might  with  equal 
torce  be  raised  against  the  husbandman  for  prepar.ng 
his  tallow-ground  in  summer,  and  his  seed  in  autumn-^ 
because  ifhis  wheat  becomes  matured  in  winter,  ihe 
cold  northerly  blasts  and  the  ponderous  Know  falls  would 
sink  It  to  the  eartw,  and  he  would  consequently  lose  his 
labor,  a«d  in  the  end  die  of  famine.   And  therefore  m- 

n,v  1? ?"         f  ?^^  ^'^"^  ''^  procuring  the  spontaneous 
pioductions  of  the  uncultivated  earth,  and  the  prpcari- 

birof':h:tei^-^^« '' '''  ^'--'  --=^  ^-  -^ 

But  do  not  the  supporters  of  the  above  popular  ob- 
jection  entirely  overlook  wimt  is  the  general   behef  of 

(the  Popish  not  excepted,)  viz.  "  t/w.t  a  time  wmassuretllv 
^me  whin  the  mtwns  of  ihe  earth  shall  not  so  much  as  karn 

ZlTl"'"'t    A-f'"  "r"'  '■"'''  »  ='■"«  ''  to  '='>'"e,  we 
M  eTfo.  :  '  f'^A^T  "'^  P''"P''*'^  °f  «"d-  J^ai^h  and 

pesent  glor.ou,  gospel  dispensation  .,f  life  and  peace  ? 

in  the  IffiL'^f     ■■  "^  "'"  """""^  scriptures  must  answer 

ff"andaflT       '  ""'  ?""'"  ««'«™»ly  "^k.  how  ia  ,hi, 
grand  and  glorious  work  to  be  brought  about  but  by  Iho 

Tdi/1    T"   ""It  "■"  g^''»«'"«  providence  of  (ioT: 

ana  it  so,  it  must,  lito  oii  ^♦u^ -1  _    •         .  _  . 

nJniT      T«i.,>  *     .1  '•   '"".'   ""  "'"*"^'   "•.i.ii^-,  nave  its  iieiin- 

«  ^ume^  nf        ":.  """  "■^'^"''""S  to  the  notions  and 
ble  tor  the  world  to  be  in  such  a  state-ihat  there  would 


if 


88 


LETTERS,  &c. 


fcrrv^nTt  t:^-:^[ '-  ^r  -^  .^c 

k'nd  can  never  be  broultlr  '*"»••»•  'hat  all  man- 
doctrine  of  forbearance  and  „  "™"-"'"'  '^''^^  >"  'he 
«Jtrceh.ent  for  the  abolttio^tf  ""''*""»"<'*•  •"•  '»  «n 
"'ent  of  universal  peace'  But  T'',  "",''  '•«'  "^'"''li.l" 
'"Oily  and  Eternal  trmh  hn!h/,'^  '^  "*«  «"<<  "f  E- 

of  war  may  safely  rely  on  hi,  im„  ""^"''eving  votaries 
•>"■«  Iheir  torme.;.in/a°d  en,r.r'?  '"  *""'•  »'"'  '»»- 
»•'  icM  assnreri  that  he  ^^Uo  ^n  /fT.-""'^  ""^  «'- 
•»"">h  of  the  Lord  of  1,1,8  hT.th  «  r**"''"*  "''at  the 
not-xpec.  ,„  receive  h  '  ht  e  In^  "^"  ""'""'"'  """■ 
aod  tiius,  therefore  be  left ,'  ,V     ""*  ''"'  ^onfirnrntion, 

'""^  I  am!  eir,   °""*  "^  *"'  "''"  ""''«■ 

your's  respectfully, 

John  Caset. 


ro  the  Hon.  William  Dichon^TT":^^^-  *'  ^^■ 

thf w^fu^t^rv/pS::::  f;:',rr  '-t'-^ .«.» tha„ 

lishment  of  universal  rill         ""ankind,  m  the  es.ab- 

the  liberty  of  aSs  u^'y'^ri'  e'r  T"'"  '  ''"S 
man,  uDon  the  lono-  ne„l.  ,  j  ,■  ^^''^''tened  States" 
Christian  governmem  ^^'*"'''  *"''•'«'='  <"■  <=i"'i^ed  and 

into '".' nrrsl."'v;:er  ^'i  v^l^f"'  ?  ^«'  ^'"'^  •"  -'" 
Pact.is  a  most  laiLentableVr,    f"^"'  «"<•  «'i?i"us  com- 

di'-'ive  characteTof  al  tie  LTr'''';.'  T'"-"""-'""'  ^i"- 
c'enrly  manifest..      For  alas      I?     t"?*"*  ""'•"'•  '"«''«» 
taken  the  first  step  toClVget/arer''"*  '""  ^''' 
have  not  yet  ceased  to  do  evn^m^.h  ^    T     ""'  ^''"^ 
"•••II;  they  are  so  far  from    LT       l  "r'  '*""'«'<  '"do 
d«-omini.  Prince  of  Pea  "„f,tV"^ '"'"''"''  '"'  '^e  re- 
noss,  that  they  havenoty.!,'  hro'  hr/".".""'  "S'-'^'-s- 
repentt-nce.   .  B,.t  this  is";:,  tT'lt'L^-'^  "-'.'•- 
"".i-tuon  ag«,nsi  the  benevolent  «^"  7"'"^  "reasonable 

/   V  ne  iuve  ol  Christ  constraining  them) 


■ -^*3Sfe3S^SilBB?TT~ 


ihey  also  add 
'^«t  all  man- 
belief  in  the 
ce»  or  to  an 
^o  establish- 
e  God  of  E- 
contrary  hy 
'ing  votaries 
fd,  and  dis- 
they  may  al- 
e  what  the 
tJoken,  can- 
»nfirniation, 
3  own  unbe- 

'ly, 

i  Casey. 


4,  1826. 

legislative 


Jess  than 
iie  psfab- 
'.  1  be^ 
d  Stares- 
ized  and 

to  enter 
>us  com- 
mand vin- 
>  makes 
not  yet 
J-  They 
ri  to  do 
the  re- 
hteous- 
leet  for 
ionable 
ice  So- 
pm  un- 
them) 


LETTERS,  &c.  ^ 

of  unitinflf  individual  effort  for  public  benefif    ami  ^r 
operat,ng  together  hke  true  I  eavenSn  luul"   .nf '"*' 
ver.ng  frtends,  and  faithful  coadjutor"  i  m  nene"  of  s"?' 

havlr^''';?"^  "'"'^.'  '"  ^»^-  ^-d-hkelaW  o  lt^  ": 
having  no  (>..ht,cal  sectarian  or  sinister  object  in  v^e^;' 
but  the  promotion  of  U.e  hignest,  and  chufL,  and  be!t 

derous  war  any  more,  it  must  „f  necessity  preclude  thp 
present   united  exertions  of  Peace  Sociitil.   »h 
laudably  endeavoring,  under   tl.e  God    of  Peice  "o^ef 
feo^th.s  most  desirable  and  happy  change.  '  '"  *'^' 

But  m  this  eventful  period  and  enlightened  asre  of  I,. 

."orir;d""r''7'""  chnstiani.; 'r;r,fw;7„ ; 

the  mor^l    J"   '""''   '°"*'*"""'  •"»»«  done  more  towardg 
the  moral  advancement  aa.l  happiness  of  mankind    in 

b.  fi    l"""'/  ''*"'■'•  ""'"  '"  «"y  "^"  centuries  befiKe 
ie  her"  e'sfmr"."'  T""''^^  "''  «^''  «"'  P-  «int  o^ 

«^o:rf\h'^!fve?trr;„  I'zz:  !7^y 

evil,  both  physical  and  moral,«p«„  the  face  of  theT  r  h? 
are  we  st.llto  be  told  from  the  pulpit  and  The  press  I' 
en.'aL?,'"",'""''"'"  "'^  '"""  "'  ^'sinning  ,^1.:.;;'^ 

:'M^n.;z;^;ir:rtt:^ir:-jf^'^^''''^ 

honesuy  answer  for  them,  ne.er.      T^'Z..!:.:^ 

8* 


90 


I^f^TTERS,  \fec. 


we  ore  however  sHii    ^ 

t.c.0,,,  of  war,  a,  i,  is*f°u„d  in'^?,'"''?'..?"*"'  '""'  P"li- 
arro^aot  aweriions:  "  lI'aM  '",'/'*  '^""""''ng  bold  and 
abolished,  (sa^  th.y)  ,l,e  e  ^o^u 'r^  'T*'  ''"^  «o  be 

awless  and  disobedient  tv„?.u-'-  ""''  •""""sionr  Tlie 
■'ary  power  wa,  laid  "  s/d"  hrr^"  '" '""''  ""«  ""  "'  ! 
d^r  will,  impunity.  rT'l  ?^ T^'"  '"^ ""d  m"r. 
ll'ere  could  be  .,ogo~Z,    T,   "'''"««.    (^aj  tbey) 

ng-       And  80  according  to  ihe  r  .     i  •    •  ""''^  ^^  "»  'iv- 
we  are  to  see  robbery  f„di„   5  «'pliistical  reasoning 
PU"  .^,'  when    (acc„';^,i''"',r,[^;'-.f7"»if'ed  with  7.1 
val>)  'th,  nations  of  tht  ^Jth   \l  ,'^T'"^*">"»  "f  Jeho- 
M « are  .„  see '  ti.e  nni'ersil  sn  *"? ^T"  """■  »"   •»'»er 
ft^-on,  during  the  re,gn  of  „niC"f ,"'  "'""'"'y  «"d  «"«■ 
r'lieii  the  soldiers  of  war  •  ,*?«  /       '.'*""=*  ""  "•«  earth 
.'«o  p/„„^A  shares.  anriVheit"  ■  *'"""  "'"'•  « 

And  worst  of  all,  we  musTthenT»  »"»  .i"™.^  A»«for 
"criptural  reasoning)  be  com     m  ^f  "'"I'd'"?  to  their  «n- 
ernment  or  law.'    lid  how  i^  1"'/"  "'«  '  ''"»'»•"  g«"- 
'«'.»''    It  i,to   be  brought  „h. "'I.'  '"  ^'  bfoughfa. 
priests  and  Politicians  asfult'lA'"""'!  sanguinary 
•he  kingdoms  of  this  world  shnllT     '""•  *'""  whenever 
of    our  Lord    and    of     his    Ph    ""'"? "'« Kingdoms 
words,  become  Chri^Uan   kf,    a^"'\     °''    '"    oloin"' 
h   condemn    t.«r,  as    a"     i^f^Tl'^   ""''  ""a-imo"." 
">an.  barbarous  .avage.dkboKcnV"'' ;'"'""•"«'•  i«hu- 
fession-then  as  therf  ioufd  he    ''  '".^  '""'•derous  pro- 
impossible  to  support  by  any  mh,""  '"''''*"•  "  *°"'d  be 
magistracy  or  eiyilized  goyefn  ' ' '^  ""nT'  »"  ^Ae^'ive 
be  then  no  soldiers,  accorZ?,"*?''  ■?■  ''^  'bere  would 
entertain  of  soldie'r,  and  thf  ir  fc  ?rf "  "'''•=''  '^«  ""-^ 
can  be  no  doubt;  b„,  where  did  ,?lT  •"de,  there 
tcrs  of  ,yar,  collect,  e«Z   from   /r""''*"  ""«»  ^'i- 
.maginations,  certainly  noffrom  «„    a'  """   '"""^ed 
b>  Peace  Socie.ies,  that  if  na[rolr^  ^  ™""  P-blished 
bnlished,  and  proper  meal?.   »  T"  "■"«   '»  be  a- 
provement  an/christiaSion  ,ff    »   '^   """'  '«- 
demoralized  classes  of  men  tl,a^        ^"   *''*  "'"ous  and 
cient  force  f„„„d  ,„  ais"!":..'*!."'""'  »"»"d  be  no  effi- 
aoera  !   What  should  hindir  hL*"     7""*"'  "gainst  eyil 

•r«a„,.ed  a„dl.ep.  uyTLu'Z  "iiTJl^T  "^^"^ 

«-""    civn  magistrate'  on 


1 


at  the  ridicu- 
*e8t8  and  poll- 
ing bold  and 
er  were  to  be 
'g  to   prevent 
/usion.     Tiie 
r  that  all  mii- 
foband  mur- 
»    (say  they) 
rnnient  there 
lid  be  no  Jiv- 
'  reasoning, 
ed  with  ini. 
ms  of  Jeho- 
'f  no   moreT 
'jyandcon- 
n  the  earth, 
Jieir   swords 
nng  hooks!* 
o  their  im- 
ithout  goy- 
brought  a- 
'anguinary 
'■  whenever 
Kingdoms 
n    p/oiner 
tianiinous- 
»al,  inhu- 
iroiis  pro- 
wouid  be 
'  effective 
le  wonJd 
>  we  now 
tie,  there 
and  wri- 
•nflaiiied 
ubli.».hed 
to  be  a- 
»ral   im- 
ous  and 
no  effi- 
nst  evil 
•  being 
rate'  on 


I 


lETTERS,  &<j.  ^ 

Jil^mf/r'^'L  ^"^  '"''*'   ''^«^^  *^«^^'^'y  would  object  to 

wc:i;d^^:ve\::tLjt'T::;;;^::;r:Lj^^ 
(^v.,  ad.itt^^x  ^^'r^^z:::^^ 

I'a    %1n    r^^^^^^^  Ir  'r  ^7^^-%--'^  -^ur,  in  that 
thn  kn      \  }'^'^'.  ''^^^"'^  ^*'«  «"'th  Shall  be   rdled  wi  h 

which  wereintPnrlPrl  f «  Lr?  '/'*''^®  ecnptural  passages 
could  Imvl  thou "  t  beoaui  .  S^"^^^^'*^^^^  ^'^^^^  wlo 
pies  to  pay  tribute  to  ^         ""f  ^^7""''  taught  his  disci- 

This   nor^hU    !       1         considered  as  virtuously  Usal  f 

tators,  ««reh,wf„r„^"'  *^?''  "'■"  """'"  "^  barbarous  spec- 

prietv  harp  ;„!■  .  T        "7  ""S""  also, with  equal  pro- 

peSur„V"„r  he  cChaL'""'?!"""  "f  ""■'"  "'""''y 
nu I      .     .        '^"*'  v^nnsiians  in  thn  «»arlir  o«.««  ^^  .1/ 

altars  and  b  «chered  ,h»  °?''*"'^'  7™   '''■'•»««''  ">  ""e 
181  relusiag  to  imitate  those  blood-thirst;^  gods, 


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^1 


09 


tETTERS,  &c. 


...  .he  c„»™a„d  trS  r:L7:na  t  "l"  '/"""'"  ^■"'«' 
laws  "f  the  state.      For  bv  »..'„  "''edience  t..  the 

enoiiuities  ordered  1  Bv  rh.  T-  v  ''•'■*  "•««*  trnff.oal 
*e.-e  .hey  p„t  i„  execuLn  .  BvX^wT"  ""J  '''"•» 
whom  were  the  sold.ers  paid  ?  l^ly  "fr*-  ^""  "y 
biy  P«.d  o„,  of  „,e  trib„re.™o„ey  o^f  the  Cer;'*""'""- 

'-'I  the  same  <;nr.CiicH»oi  i      j  -^         "^  l^esars. 
the  fearful  and  u^leSL":,'"^'  |"«  '"•>-  arKU„„„„  „f 
trumpet  forth  from  therh, ,  »      *f,"''^  ""•  "'"'=''  .'-ey 
•     by  they  endeavo  ^d  to   m  ede   h?    "'  "'"  P'"''  "'"'^«- 

.o  fi  .ghten  us  on  the  false  no.  m,  Vh  .*'''/"""'»>.> !    H.,d 

no  longer  lawful  .„  •  „„'  X  '  ■     fl'  T*'*"  "  ''*"'"'•'  ^e 

weapons,' it  would  be  no  I..  *■■  ".*,'''•    '  "'"•  «»««! 

They  rack  their  brai„rfi>r^*''  ^'"^''' '°  P"'"'''  <="»«• 
wit'x  end  in  im oiou.K  ',,       '""en.'on,  and  go  to  their 

<»•»».     They  arrotamlv^^     '"  "'^  *'""'  '""^d  founda- 
wsr,  synonymous  Zi /A       ""^i  '2  "«''*  'be  »»orrf  < 
A,«,;tle  Pm/un  i'strrd  "■^•'■!f ''■"••  "'"'^'""  "'« 
used  it  (as  before  expressed"'  »  f"'"''*' ,""  ">''  """^^i"". 
emblem  of  punishment  i„    ■  h       ™^'"  '*"*''  ""'^  a^  »« 

wi.h  which  Wew  he  C;  i?  ,',f     "^r  "''  *'"    ^"^.-^  ! 
the  ccihnsr  of  every  hZ  bave^heen   suspended  at 

.empt  to  .owLre  onrf  r""  1^"'"'^'^ ••"^"'"'-      They  at- 

every  moralSlTwf  '"'!'•  "I  '"^".".i""  fi-H  »f 
comparison  be  ten  theTwo "'m  ^■".'''  ''''"*"  ""'  J"». 
e.nmen..  has  a  virlLns  i^  *f "8^'"™"? "f  ejvil  gov- 
«"«!.     War,  on  Ihe  „Zr  b  ^'i''     *"'^  ""  ordinance  of 

batefulanddestrilnX^ts  whic'hr  '""T  "'^  """* 
of  cnrnal  and  unholy  me„'  «""„;  7  ^  '"  ""*  "'^"'bers 
dained  hy  God  for-ood^-  i.  "'^*!'"''«'=^'  »g«in,  was  or- 
I»ws  of  civilized  soc«:  e  P^'^^es  and  enforces  the 
r.oH  order.  ,;::ce:r„n;;;j„  ,«  "--"  P-poses  of 
bnnd,  ,s  an  ordinance  of  sinful  and  ril.  '.•       ^^  """"■ 

sr,rdi:z:i:^v„/r'T„:l^;rc^^^^^ 
vi...e„ce.bioodsi'errd;;:  r  r;,^L"„^'  '^^^-y 

c/,  again,  bj' ]»uiiisliii)o- vice  nnrTvJ^T  T"  •  ""■'if'st»'a- 
evil  doers.     War,  on  tUm^'  r  hi    f     "'•'^'  'sa  terror  to 

'  ^"  '***'  ''^  -^  ^a«^» «  a  terror  to  those 


lers  for  re- 
athen  gods, 
ence  to  the 
se  trn^ical 
By  wliom 
Ami   by 

iqnestiona- 
ars. 

utnonts  of 
vliich  they 
;Ss,  where- 

t''e  pure 
3ii>;    aud 
should  be 
Ih  carnal 
ish  crime. 

to  their 
ary  insti- 
^  foundo' 
sword  of 
Teas  the 
•ccasion, 
^iyasan 

doers ; 
nded  at 
''»ey  at- 
custom, 
1  full  of 
he  just 
il  gor- 
ince  of 
'   niost 
mi  hers 
vas  Or- 
es the 
ses  of 

other 
>rtals, 
's  nor 
hery, 
istra- 
•or  to 
those 


LETTERS,  &c. 


98 


who  do  well,  by  confounding  in  its  ravages  and  its  pun- 
ishment, both  the  innocent  and  the  guilty. 

It  evidently  appears,  then,  if  we  review  the  popular 
but  futile  arguments  of  war-makers  and  their  advocates, 
to^rether    with   the   replies    contained   in  this  and   the 
two   preceding  Letters,   and   bring  them    into  a  8hj)rt 
compass,  that  the  supporters  of  war,  by  anticipating  an 
eftVct  never  likely  to  be  realised,  and  nexer  contemplaed 
b    any  but  themselves,  viz.  that  robbery  and  murder,»n- 
arrhv  and  confusion,  would  ntulk  abroad  with  impunity, 
if  the  armies  of  the  earth  should, from  a  heart-felt  convic- 
tion of  duty  to  their  God  and  their  fellow-men,  beat  their 
swords  into  plough-shares  and  their  spears  into  pruniug 
ho(ks,antl  nation  no  longer  lift  up  sword  against  nation  ; 
nt  irher    learn   war    any  more— there  would    be    then, 
(ji!  their  estimation,)    no  effective   magistracy,  govern- 
"'!'"'  \"*  'aw;  and  by  cnnfotinding  the  military  profession 
witk  civilized  government^  aud  trying  to  identify  them,  as 
ij   they  were  one  and  the  same  thing,  or  inseparably  linked 
together,  and  therefore  from  one  and  the  same  sacred  source, 
have  attempted  to  mislead  the  public  mind,  to  the  mani^ 
fest  prejudice  of  the  Peace  Societies  already  formed,  and 
oj  llioae  which  are  still  forming  in  different  quarters  of  the 
globe.     Therefore  no  iinparlially  h«)ne8t  man  rnn  be  of- 
fended at  our  franUn«^ss,  in   openly   declaring  that  the 
cause  of  peace,  wiiich  is  so  obviously  the  cause  of  God, 
requires  our  best  endeav(»rs  for  its  universal  spread,  and 
that  the  solemn  and  imperative  calls  of  duty,  demand 
these  public  replies,  for  the   information   offnany   well 
mi^aning  people,  who  may  be  imposed  upon   by  the  fair 
speeches  of  the  popular  writers  and   preacher's  of  war, 
aud  by  the  cunning  craftiness,  whereby  they  lie   in  wait 
to  tieceive. 

With  sentiments  of  high  respect  for  all  civil  institutioniB 
and  civil  authorities,  in  all  the  nations  of  the  earth, 
^Believe  me,  honored  Sir, 

a  true  friend  and  sinc're  well  wisher 

to  all  the  human  species, 

John  Caset. 


04 


LETTERS,  &c. 


^         To  Jam.,  Wilson,  E^^'mTp'hI^'  '^«- 

fessors  a.  lens,)  1  "annofd!!^'"'  <""""•«  ^''"'"''■'  P™" 
w».oledemoli«,edrA.lsToft,";i;  T"  '"'  ^  ^**  "«' 
peJ  ar,r„me„t  in  i„  ftvor  shall  ~m,  ""  '"PP"'<"'  K™" 
unrefuted,  wliile  snrh  -  „!  ""'"  ""anawered  or 

a"  tha  peko:!tkr;^:,tr:r.hrL..:\'''°'"r'^  "• 

every  soul  of  man  may  ber7me  an  lf„„    ""]'  """^  "''«" 
instrument  in  the  hoW  «^T^    an  honored  and  happy 

jnaking.  and"  re:e^v?fro"m  Chri::^""' er'  "(•*'**'««- 
W.n?  and  endearing  appellor  ^.T'^^fe'l;; 

anreLrn'eT,™;::^^^^^^^^^^ 

amazed  at  the  blindnlH  j      P.      '  ""*  "<"'e  we  are 

the  astonilh  Lg  Xr4v"iich  ",'r^  "'  "^  ^""'"^'  »»<" 
rational  and  IcZntah^  u^"''  "  'i"'  «'^'1"'™<'  among 

the  ShepherdsfTe^erer  %'rif:i;r!"- itX'^  T °"^ 
»ot  avoid  Cwfnr'lh'f''"*'^"''  '■''  ""derstanding,  can- 

But  notwithstandinetZtrmh  »,?'!''•"''«'"■'  «  «"• 
ful  fact,  confirmed  ?o„t„,"       ^  ee«a.nty  of  this  wo- 

vincem;„, ;  thrsVu^ L^TyZ"  sts  rd"'''  .'?"''•  «<"" 
war,  with  passionate  zeal  n~lf  u^  politicians  of 
and  destructive  doc  rinoof  ?»^-  ."''  "•*  "asphemous 
dience  to  all  the  laws"?  the  la?  l"''  T'?'""'""''  "I"- 
higher  powers.'  Fa?selv  andTm;"'1  *"'""'"'^ '''" '  ^e 
ery  nation,  and  under^eve '  X"nter'7'"« '"  *^- 
JiowcontradiotorvthBii.!-...™^   1.  "'•  (""  matter 

.0  th.  law,  of  G^d  "tC ^  iX  'arsirflhrl"'*""" 
founded  upon  the  laws  of  God  '  lt7w  ,,  ■""'  are 
true,  it  would  certainly  ustfft  .hi.  'f  ""^^J""'"  «"e 
obedience  to  all  those  laws  2^  i  """".*  "^  '"'?"«" 
unaltered.     But  asreJrm'a„'-n'^f5„r..i''!^/-''"-«« 

one  passage  rraTe:;^;S.rbe7^S; 


larrrr^ 


|0,  1826. 

loweL 

e  the  main 
istiaii   pro- 

I  see  the 
►posed  gos- 
Hwered  or 
omised  to 
and  when 
nd  happy 
of  Peace- 

iips,  the 
hildren  of 

5  fortress, 
e  we  are 
aries  and 
d  among 
y  among 
nd»  pro- 
nenis.* — 
ngi  can- 
lisealled 
e  totallj 
human- 
1  at  all. 
this  wo- 
I's  con- 
:ians  of 
hemous 
lal  obe- 
of  *  the 
fin  ev- 
matter 
r ;  and 
D(i  are 
n  were 
nplicit 
naiiied 
•e  con- 
d  con- 
mned. 
niued, 


LETTERS,  &c.  95 

which,  in  the  opinion  of  the  advocates  for  war,  must 
condemn  the  principles  of  all  Peace   Societies  and  Pac 
cific  Denominations  in  the  world :  which  passage,  for 
their  gratification,   I  shall  transcribe  verbatim.     It  is 
found  recorded  in  Paul's  Epistle  to  Titus,  3d  c.  1st  v 
ahd  reads  thus :— •  Put  them  in  mind  to  be  subject  to  prirC- 
ctpabttes  and  powers,  to  obey  magistrates, and  to  bereadu 
to  evert/  good  work.'    Now  can  any  rational  being  believe 
that  the  inspired  Apostle,  who  himself  suffered  stripes, 
imprisonment,  torture,  and  an  ignominious  death,  for 
refusing  active  obedience  to  the  Magistrates  at  Rome, 
intended  this  passage,  with  others  of  the  like  import, 
should  be  considered  as  giving  virtual  authority  to  Chris- 
tian subjects  to  violate  the  laws  and  authority  of  Christ 
With  impunity.in  any  case  whatever  !    By '  being  subject 
to  principalities  and  powers,  obeying  magistrates,  and 
being  readv  to  every  good  work, '     Or  that  the  Almighty 
Ku  er  of  the  Universe  ever  delegated  magistrates  with 
authority  to  demand  obadience  of  su^j«cts  in  any  one 
thing  which  himself  has  forbidden  to  every  man  upon  the 
face  of  the  earth  ?     Can  any  man  think  that  disobeying 
the  peaceful  and  forgiving  commands  of  Christ,  by  obey- 
ing the  warring  and  vindictive  commands  of  ambitious, 
blood  thirsty  rulers,  is  any  part  of  the  good  work  which 
fet.  Paul  wished  his  Christian  brethren  to  be  ever  readv 

Hr\  A%^'.  ^'  ^"^  .P^Si  ^^  ^^^^  subjection  which  hi 
exhorted  Titus  to  put  the  Christians  in  mind  of,  yielding 
to  principalities  and  to  powers  ?  -^  s 

The  same  Apostle  commands  children  to  obey  their 
parents,  and  servants  their  masters  in  all  thinffs.  And 
also  commands  wives  to  obey  their  husbands^yea,  *  as 
the  church  is  subject  unto  Christ,  even  so  let  wives  be 
subject  unto  their  husbands  in  every  thing.'  Yet  where 
is  the  parent,  master,  or  husband  so  devoid  of  reason 
as  to  imagine  St  Paul  as  giving  him  unlimited  authority 
over  his  chddren,  servants  and  wife,  and  requiring  chil- 
dren,  servants  and  wives  to  yield  implicit,  uncondi- 
T?i  ''^f^'?"*^«  ^«  their  parents,  masters  and  husbands, 
whether  their  commands  were  in  subordination  to.  or  in 
opposition  asrainst  thA  siini.<>».» j_  _i.  .1.  /. 

«ighty  Parent,  Master,  and  Husband,  who  is  in  Hea- 
ven ]  feurely  none  but  tyrants  and  heaven-daring  rebels 
could  imagine  that  the  Spirit  of  God,  speaking  by  the 
mouth  of  St.  Paul  in  these  instructive  passages,  had  giv. 


96 


LETTERS,  &c. 


en  parents,  masters  and  husbands  authority  to  «  exalt 
th.m«e  ves  anove  all  that  is  called  God,"  i^,  requfrml 
the.r  ch.ldren.  servants  and  wives  to  obe;  tl  e  r  uTwtb! 
fi»  and  treasonable  commands,  when  by^o  X,n!  tlev 
must  disobey  the  sovereij^n  commands  of  therParen^ 
and  Master,  who  is  in  Heaven  !  '®"^ 

Thus  saith  St.  Paul,  in  his  Epistle  to  the  CoIossifln« 
3d  chapter  and  20th  verse  :  ^  Children  obey  you  ;ae"^^^^ 
n  all  things,  for  this  is  well  pleasinir  to  the  LnrH  '     !   i 
in  the22d  verse,  •  Servants  obey  inll    li„' s  /^'^  ±"^ 
ters  according  to  the  flesh.'     And  in  h      Epi/tlTto  ti.e 
Ephes.ans,  5th  chapter,  23d  and  24th  verses    L. 
mands :  » Wives  submit  yourselves  unto  yTr'  own   huT 
bands,  as  unto  the  Lord.     For  the  husbanS  i     tL  head 
of  the  wife,  even  as  Christ  is  the  head  of  the  Church 
therefore  as  the  Church  is  subjectunto  C^ri    ,  even   ott' 
the  wives  be  unto  their  own  husbands,in  everv  thin.  "    B^^^ 
notwithstanding  the  gratification  which  a  sh^ilafinjunc 
tion  addressed  to  subjects,  to  obey  their  rulers  iiaU 
things,  or  .n  every  thing,  (as  in  the  case  of  children  ser 
vants  and  wives,)  would  afford  to  the  zealous  and   pio'i, 

vTnTe'nfp"''  '  ""*  '"™P^"«^  '^  ««^'  neither^  Z 
Prince  of  Peace  nor  anyone  of  his  Apostles;  nor  any 
one  of  the  primitive  fathers  of  the  Church,  has  left  "n 
my  power  to  furnish  a  single  passage.      If  such  an  i , 

such  a  handle  of  pleasure ;  neither  any  part  of  the  aid 

t'h7r;i''^R'rt  "'*''''  '^Pr^''  application  could   afford 
them.     But  there  cannot  be  found  a  similar  injunction 
to  subjects,  in  any  part   of  the  New-Testamen  .      And 
even  If  ^e  could  find  such  an  injunction  to  subjects,  as 
we  find  given  to  children,  servants  and  wives,  where   is 
the  advocate  for  war  to  be  found,  who  is  so  weak  minded 
and  inconsiderate  as  to  stand  fonh  and   argue  that  chil- 
dren and  servants  are  bound  by  the  Apostolic  injunction 
to  obey  their  parents  and  masters  in  any  of  tliose  thin.rg 
expressly  forbidden  by  the  authority  of  their  Divine  Pa- 
rent  and  Master,  who  is  in   Heaven  1     Who  does  rot 
know  that  rulers  have  frequently  puni.hed  children  and 
servants  for  obeying  their  parents  and  masters,  even  when 

commanded  hv  th«.r,  f«  A..  ^ .i.:.-  '  .        .       '        I 

^A  /-Ti    ••'  V    '."  '"       '3"»ic  iiuiii^s  exprestiiy  enirMn- 

ed  upon  Christ's  followers  as  Christian  duties  !  But 
which  the  higher  powers'  of  the  earth  assumed  a  right 
to  punish  as  crimes,  because  contrary  to  their  popular 


LETTERS,  &e. 


^ 


7  to  "  exalt 
in  requiring 
leir  unlawful 
doinjr  they 
heir  Parent 

CoIosFJans, 
our  parents 
'ord.'     And 
your  mas- 
istle  to  the 
'»  he   com- 
r  own    hui- 
3  the  head 
B  Cinirch: 
even  so  Jet 
ling.'     But 
lar  injunc- 
lers  in   all 
ildren,  ser- 
and   pious 
either  the 
I ;  nor  any 
as  left  in 
ch  an  in- 
leny  them 
>f  the  aid 
lid  aff.»rd 
njunction 
nt.      And 
hjects,  as 
where   is 
k  minded 
hat  chil- 
^junction 
se  thin«;8 
ivine  Pa- 
does    fOt 

dren  and 
^en  when 
y  enjoin- 
m !  But 
d  a  right 
popular 


and  canonically  orthodox  ojunions  of   relig^ion,  estab- 
lished by  iniquitous  laws,  and  supported  by  the  sword  of 
steel!    And  is  it  not  as  well  known  that  wicked  parents 
and  masters  have  frequently  commanded  their  children 
and  servants  to  do  many  things  expressly  ftnbidden  by 
tlie  laws  both  of  God  and  man  !     And  notwithstanding 
Paul  commanded  them  to  obey  their  parents  and  mas- 
ters 'in  all  things;'  yet  it  is  well  known,  their  rulers  ac- 
tually punished  them  with  transportation  or  death,  for 
perpetrating  those  deeds  in  obedience  to  their  own  pa- 
rents and  masters  !     '  True,  say  the  war-making  rulers 
and  their  advocates  ;  but  these  children  and  servants  vi- 
olated the  laws  of  the  land,  and  the  authority  of  the 
higher  powers,    and  so  were  evidently  guilty  in   the 
eye  of  the  law.      And   notwithstanding  the  Apostle's 
command  to  obey  their  parents  and  masters  in  all  things ; 
they  well  knew  (or  might  easily  have  known,)  that  it 
was  a  crime  to  obey  them  in  any  of  those  things  which 
would  involve  a  transgression  of  a  national,    general, 
and  established  law,  and  disobedience  to  the  higher  ru- 
ling powers  of  the  land.     And  as  no  authority  of  an  in- 
ferior.or  subordinate  power  can  shield  transgressors  from 
the  penalty  of  a  general  and  superior  law  and  its  execu- 
hve  superior  authority,  so  the  condemnation  of  those 
children  and  servants  to  transportation  or  death,  for 
crimes  against  superior  and  national  authority,  should 
be  considered  as  legally  right  and  just.' 

Now  admit  this  reasoning  to  be  well  founded,and  will 
It  not  m  yet  stronger  terms  condemn  the  anti-christiun 
and  destructive  doctrine  of  implicit  obedience  to  inferi- 
or earthly  rulers,  which  under  the  present  existing,  mil- 
itary, despotic  and  barbarous  laws  of  war,  must  always 
involve  disobedience  to,  and  rebellion  against  the  su- 
preme authority  of  the  Prince  of  Peace— and  the  most 
arrogant  infringement  on  the  inanitely  superior  laws  and 
claims  of  his  gospel. 

Can  it  then  be  improper  for  people  of  every  class, 
and  of  every  country,  to  attend  to  the  following  inqui- 
pie^.— '  Js  It  reasonable  to  suppose  that  the  rulers  <if  a 
nation  have  authority  to  suspend,  at  pleasure,  th«  re- 
quirements and  prohibitions  of  Heaven'^  either' in  reia- 
tion  to  themselves  or  their  subjects  ?  Can  they,  by  any 
•onstitutioaal  pow«r  vested  in  sovereigns,  bv  the  del/- 

0 


»8 


LETTERS,  &c. 


gation  of  fioe-meu,  or  l.y  a  mere  vnfp    ni     i 
hiinfrs  from  their  oMi^fatLnn To  ?l-.  '         ''^'^  '"^'•«' 
Christ  hath  loved  them^'      (Vn    J  !     ""',^"^^*''«^'  "« 
-ulripl,  robberies  a^d  m„rde"s  bft'.^Hs  ?/.""' 
subjects,  hi  the  exercisfi  of  tuSi  ^  ^";.'  an^'s  of  their 

Wicked  rule., 'o'f  .me "tS'can" "^akr^t  TTrK 
'."..ffend  „g  brethren  ifZt'r  cZi^y^^^^T'l' 

"tiij'  lo  act  itie  part  of  mortal  enem  es  to  eaeh  oth^r 

dating  ambition  of  their  own  sovernments  ?  ^ 

May  we  not  safely  affirm,  that  no  ruler  of  one  na. 
ti..n  has  any  more  right  to  authorise  his  subjects  to  mak^ 
war  on  the  innocent  people  of  another  nation  than  he 
has  to  arm  the  ;„„„«„«  i„  his  own  domin  ons  and 
require  them  ,o  plunder  and  murder  one  another  ?    Zd 

sicr^^t'"."  "■;'  '""""'  ''y  ""y  <=i"li^ed  aw  io  obey 
6. ich  a  bloody  and  murderous  mandate  in  the  latter  case' 
wl.y  should  he  be  in  the  former  J  In  both  casesTt  would 
b.^  Ins  duty  to  obey  God  lather  than  man,  and  t™  f 

t"ZlV''V'"'-^r"^''  "<■  "  barbarous  ruler  thaSo 
defile  his  hands  with  the  blood  of  his  brethren. 

1  he  same  universal  Parent  and  Ruler,  who  has  re. 
quired  obedience  to  the  magistrate,  (in  a  1  t  iWs  iu!! 
and  reasonable,)  has  als«  required  children  to  obefth'et 

tie,     m  aU  things;  for  this  is  well  pleasing  to  the  Lord  ' 
Nor  has  the  rnagiMrate  more  rightful  authority  over  t 

i  "tre"  iu!v''"r  ""'  P'''"'  "'"  "'"  ""'  "=""<'•     Whartl  en 
JS  the  -luiy  of  a  son,  twenty  years  of  age,  if  his  father 

requires  hi.n  ,„  murder  his  „dgh^,or•s  children'  to  e- 
veiige  some  wrong  done  by  their  father  ?  Will  anv  rn- 
ler  say  that  it  is  the  dntv  of  the  «n„  ,..  „K„.  J"u.l  •" 
human  command  7  No,  says  "tjie  rnle'i^'  b™  "'„:«'  th« 
falers  crunmand  is  manifestly  unjust,  and  controrv  to 
the  law»  of  the  slate.    Adtmt  such  reasoning  to  be  good 


'oJve  moral 
Hnother,  as' 
'«  War  and 
«^ls  of  thf  ir 
vorketh  no 
our  preten- 

What  de- 
awfully  fa- 
atrociously 
the  duty  of 

innocent, 
an  a  wieat- 
intelli|rent 
lifesto  can 
ake  it  their 
2h  other — 

0  reveng0 
y  the  des- 

>f  one  na* 
s  to  make 
>  than  he 
ions,  and 
Br?  And 
w  to  obey 
tter  case ; 
3  it  would 
to  expose 

1  than  to 

• 

0  has  re- 
ings  just 
bey  their 
an  Apo8- 
le  Lord.' 
over  the 
hat  then 
is  father 
i,  to  re- 

any  ru- 

1  ail  in- 
use  the 
trary  to 
Je  good, 


LETTERS,  &c.  c^ 

and  what  is  the  inft-rence  t     It  is  this — that   a  murtler- 
oiiH  coinniiinri  of  a  ruler  should  nut  be  obe.ved,  because 
it  is  clearly   unjust,  and  contrary  to   the  command  of 
the  supreme  and  universal  Ruler ;  •  Thou  shalt  not  kilV 
Bill  what  shall  the  son   do  when    his  father  positively 
conimands  hini  to  murder  a  neighbor's  children  ?     He 
should  freuthis  father  kindly,  and  endeavor  to  soften  his 
heart,  tr>  sooth  his  passions,  and  to  show  him  the  in- 
justice of  his  requirement— its  contrariety  to  the  laws  <if 
the  state,  and  the  laws  of  God.     If  the  parent,  in  su(;h 
a  case,  will  not   hearken  to  reason,  but  persists  in  his 
merciless  injunction,  the  son  should   either  escape  for 
Ills  life,  or  cause  his  father  to  be  onfined  as  a  mad  man, 
till  he  shall  'come  to  himself.'     But  if  the  son  can  nei- 
ther pacify  his  father's  anger,  nor  escape  from  him,  nor 
cause  him  to  be  confined,  he  should   prefer  dying  hv  a 
parent's  hands,  to  imbruing  his  own  in  the  blood  of  "his 
neighbors.     Nor  should  he   for  a  moment   indulge  the 
thought,  that  his  father's  command   will    absolve    liim 
from  guilt  in  shedding  the  blood  of  his  innocent,  or  even 
gfuilty  fellow  brethren. 

Similar  to  this  should  be  the  reasoning  and  deport- 
ment of  a  subject,  when  required  to  make  war  on  inno- 
cent people,  to  revenge  the  injuries  done  by  their  rulers, 
or  for  the  aggrandizement  of  his  own  iiation.  He 
should  remember  that  every  grade  of  human  autb«)riiy 
is  to  be  held  in  strict  subordmation  to  the  laws  of  Gorl ; 
and  that  as  a  sy>ldier  is  under  no  obligation  to  obey  the 
order  of  a  subf^iltern,  which  is  unjust  in  itself,  and  plain- 
ly repugnant  to  a  known  command  of  his  general,  so  no 
man  is  bound  to  obey  any  command  of  an  earthly  ru- 
ler, when  the  thing  required  is  manifestly  unjust  to  fel- 
low beings,  and  plainly  forbidden  by  the  authority  of 
Jehovah.  . 

Of  aH  the  acts  of  tyranny  which  have  ever  been  ex- 
ercised by  the  most  inhuman  despots,  there  are  none 
mere  unjust  and  abominable,  than  that  of  enticin<r  ,,r 
compelling  mnocent  men,  of  different  nations,  to  shed 
the  blood  of  each  other.  Is  it  not,  then,  time  for  en- 
lightened Christians  of  every  nume,  to  ralsf>  th#^Jr  voi- 
ces against  this  species  of  t/ranny  and  barbaritv  ;  and 
let  the  rulers  of  nations  know,  that  they  are  determined, 
by  the  grace  of  God,  to  die  ay  martyrs,  rather  than  ro 
be  any  more  concerned  in  shedding  human  blood  1     Is 


lot 


LETTERS,  See. 


it  not  ak>tim*  forthe  rulers  of  Christendom,  Hther  M  r« 
nounce  openly,  nil  pretension,  to  the  r.^me  of  rh!L  ? 

Wi^pute.,  than  the  uncertain  and  cruel  jrame  ol'  wa: 
t  urn,  sir,  with  great  respect, 

your's,  &,e. 

John  Casey. 


^n, 


-r.  .Tfr.  /J,W«;.//,  31.  P,  P,  Kinltot:    ^ 


eJlUVT^  \\^l^-  unpopularity  of  the  once  highly 
extolled  Inbunals  of  Ftcry  Ordeal,  and  Judicial  Conlbal 
for  deeding  the  question  of  guilty  or  not  ffMltZl 
c,iu.ed  numy  sanguinary  professors  of  the  pS  day 
to  hJn.h  .v.th  shame  lor  their  pious  hut  mis^^Lided  ances^ 
tr>rs  (assome  are  pleased  to  call  them.)  whe  tL  "^^ 
of  the  many  bloody  and  brutal  appeals  which  professed 

Bl.jsh,  indeed,  they  well  raay,for  such  misguided  and 
i.npr.n..pled  Christian  Rulers,  and  such  sangul'  7"^ 
bands  of  Justice  as  they  upheld.  But  thesi  monstrous 
and  .angun.ary  customs  of  the  ^  dark  ages, ^  were  In  n 
respect  more  unreasonable,  and  they  wfre  far  less  des^ 
tructive,  than  the  present  mode  of  deciding  the  disgrace- 

some  of  the  barbarous  customs  of  former  ages;  but  the 

M-m/^i:  V"'   'r'  ^«^«i««d'--bellished,fnd  idol  zed! 
^\  th  what  face  then   can  we  call  ourselves  civilized,  or 
call  any  national,  military  and  despotic  institution,  civn' 
or  civilized    goyernment,  while   we  tolerate  as  popular 
and  justifiable,  the  most  horrid  and  murderous  custom 
that  ever  resiilted   from  diabolical  influence,  or  huZn 
depravity  ?  And  with  what  face  can  the  shepherds  and 
teachers  of  mankind,   especially  those  who  are  style  f 
VArnbassadors  of  Peace,'  and    ^  Ministers  of  t^^  S 
Testament,;  stand  forth  in  vindication  of  this  greatest 
practica,  evil- -this  ijrossest  delusion  and  most  dreadful 
scourge  and  curse  that  ever  afflicted  the  race  of  Adam 
How  painful  and  revolting  to  a  benevolent  mind,  to  hear 
them  With  passionate  zeal,  maintaining  war  to  be  consis- 


LETTERS,  &«. 


101 


either  to  re- 
f  Ohiistinns, 
lettling  their 
i  ol'  war. 

tc. 

N  Casey. 


20,  1826. 

n. 

)ncp  highly 
al  Combats, 
'nilly,  Iiave 
esent  day, 
•Jed  ances- 
i  \\\ey  read 
professed 
bunals  for 

ruided  and 
iiiary  7Vi- 
monstrous 
^ere  in  no 
r  less  des- 
f  disjorrace- 
exploded 
s ;  but  the 
J  idolized, 
^ilized,  or 
ion,  civil,    , 
'  popular 
IS  custom 
r  human 
lerds  and 
re  styled, 
he  New- 
greatest 
dreadful 
►f  Adam. 
I,  to  hear 
)e  consis- 


tent with  Christianity,  the  honor  of  nations  and  the  in- 
terests of  mankind — openly  declarinja:  that  it  is  both 
lawful  and  honorable  to  kill  and  slaughter  our  brethren 
in  war,  and  that  coolly  and  deliberately,  with  all  the  fe- 
rocious bravery  of  unreflecting  merciless  savajjes ; 
thoujrh  at  the  f>ame  time,  they  well  know  the  high  and 
sovereign  command  of  the  King  of  kings,  expressly  en- 
joins, '  Thou  shalt  not  JcilV  They  also  maintain  it  t* 
be  our  christian  duty  to  avenge  injuries  which  we  never 
received,  but  i»erhaps  were  partially  received  by  rulerg 
living  at  the  distance  of  two,  three,  or  five  thousand 
miles  from  us,  when  the  great  Jehovah  imperative- 
ly commands,  'avenge  not  yourselves,  but  give  place 
unto  wrath ;  for  it  is  written,  vengeance  is  mine,  I  will 
repay  saith  the  Lord.'  VVbile  with  the  same  passionate 
zeal  they  maintain  the  lawfulness  of  plundering  all  the 
enemy's  property  belonging  to  the  opposing  government 
—to  burn  their  cities — destroy  their  garrisons — fiie  their 
shipping,  and  plunder  their  unoffending  merBhantmen 
of  their  own  private  property,  solely  for  the  crimes  of 
their  rulers,  in  compliance  with  the  barbarous  laws 
and  usages  of  war.  Also  license  privateers-men  of  war, 
for  indiscriminate  robbery,  murder  and  plunder,  in  ad- 
dition to  the  thousands,  and  hundreds  of  thousands  of 
their  own  frienrlly  subjects,  whom  they  hold  in  the  most 
barbarous  and  cruel  slavery — trained  up  for  the  business 
of  human  butchery,  robbery  and  murder.  In  a  word, 
maintaining  it  to  be  both  just  and  honorable  to  destroy 
their  enenies  and  do  them  all  the  possible  evil  ahd  mis- 
chief in  their  power,  in  direct  opposition  to,  and  open 
violation  of,  the  high  and  sovereign  commands  of  the 
Ruler  of  the  universe.  Thereby  teaching  for  doctrines, 
the  commandments  of  men,  and  makingr  the  word  of 
God,  of  no  effect,  through  their  traditions. 

We  now  solemnly  ask,  if  this  warring  principle,  which 
wars  equally  against  Heaven,  and  against  every  true  en- 
joyment and  principle  of  good  on  earth,  and  which  we 
have  clearly  shown,  powerfully  affects  men's  tempers 
and  practice—destroys  all  love  and  obedience  to  God, 
and  all  benevolence,  peace  and  good  will  to  man  ?  is  not 
the  very  principle  and  spirit  of  anti-christ— the  great  red 
dragon  and  molock  of  the  whole  earth ;  at  whose  shrine 
the  peace  and  happiness— the  blood  and  treasure— the 

0» 


102 


LETTERS,  &c. 


i 


1 1  il?!!"^^'!"!''  5_.'"'"*""«  "^  *^"''  yy retched  felioiv-being^ 

oin  age  to  a^a  I 
these 


are  .aorificed,  from  ^ear  to  ycAr,  and  fi.,,..  age  to 
Inflamed  with  a  religious  frenzy  nnd  mad  zeal,  by 

prime  agents  of  eternal-- '       ■  ^ 

slaughter,  and  enslave 


misery,  they  hate,  oppre88,bur 
o' ' 


n, 


IUUKillf;|  ,        _       _ 

nndambit.onof^;^c;;;;^;,-'^,-^:^.^-^p^^ 

demon  of  war,  every   d.vine   redeeming  virtue  of  t  e 
Lamb  of  God-the  Prince  of  Peace  broth  from  Heai! 
en  to  earth,  for  the  salvation  and  recovery  of  o^rf  die' 
and  apostate  race !  What  more   manifest  delus    „  Ind 

to  the  view  of  God,  of  angels,  and  of  men,  than  to  thus 

savage   and    murderous  cnmes,  into  feats   of  honor » 

ChristTl^  TT'"^  V"  '''''  ^«^  «"^  mammonl 
^ir  nr  ?  '''''"'^1'''-'^^  ^^^  «f  P^ace  and  the  god  of 
>var-~profes8ing  Christ  in  words,and  yet  doing  the  devil's 
work  at  the  same  time ! ! !  If  this  be  ^lot  thf  most  fla! 
grant  violation  of  the  pure  and  peaceful  prinTpW 
the  Gospel-ihe  most  arrogant  and  impious  intrench- 
ments  on  the  sovereignty  of  Heaven-the  most  rebel - 
10118  and  indignant  infringement  on  the  eternal  and  ex- 
elusive  nghts  of  the  King  of  kings  and  Judge  of  udg- 
es  and  tlie  most  blasphemous  exaltation  of  the  creatur, 

alThaf  w'^'^^'r.'  of  cruel,  blood-thirsty  men  Xve 
all  that  ,s  (properly)  called  God,  and  worthy  to  be  wor- 
shipped;  It  wdl  be  difficult  to  find  any  thing'.oii  this  side 
the  infernal  regions  to  which  this  description  will  fairly 
apply.  And  it  is  doubted  whether  there  exists  any  thinff 
€ven  there,  more  abominable  or  more  repugnant  to  the 
Spirit  and  principles  of  the  Gospel,  thaii  those  crirnes 
which  are  authorised  by  the  nnti-christian  laws,  and  as- 
sumed authority  of  war- making  rulers,  wearing  the 
mask  and  consecrated  garb  of  Christian  professors. 

Are  oot  all  war  making  rulers,  then,  egregiously  in- 
•ons.stent  and  unprincipled,  in  demanding  implicit  obe- 
dience  and  their  hireling  priests,  in  prefching  up  thL 
truly  diabolick  doctrine,  when  by  yielding  such   aS  ,,n! 

supreme  laws  of  Chnst-intrench   on   his  eternal   sov 
-r)---v-      --•'!. ..^v.  vris  iii»  vAuiusivc  ngnts, 


and  impiously  usurp  bis  authority, 
cit  obedience  is  justly  due  from 
ruled. 


fights,  and  arrogantly 
whom  alone  impli- 
I,  both  rulers  and 


LETTERS,  &c. 


106 


Can  any  man,  in  \m  senses,  believe  it  lawful  to  obey 
thefftllihle  laws  of  earthly  sovreiifns,  by  disobeying  tlie 
infallible  laws  of  tho  eternal  Sovereign  of  the  universe  ? 
Can  we  find  in  any  of  the   arniica  of  the  earth,  even   a 
common  holdier  so    ignorant   of  military   law  and  the 
maxims  of  war,  as  not  to  know  to  a  certainty,  that  it  if 
unlawful  for  him  and  all  his  fellow-Holdiers   to  obey  the 
commands  of  a  subaltern,  in  disobedience  to  the  general 
orders  of  his  superior  officer?  And  a   crime  punishable 
with  stripes,  imprisonment,  or  actual  death,  according  to 
its  extent  or  supposed  turpitude.      If  we   may   presume 
we  cannot  find  such  an  itrnorant  private  soldier  in  any  of 
the  armies  of  the  earth,  is  it  not  a  severe  reproach  to  the 
christian  name,  to  find,  not    merely   an  individual,  but 
thousands  cf  the   professed   spiritual,  soldiers    of  Jesus 
Christ,  and  his  professed  ministers,  or  'Ambassadors  of 
Peace,'  so  grossly  ignorant  of  his  laws  and  ihe  maxima 
of  his  holy  and  peaceful  religion,  as  not  to  know  beyond 
a  doubt,  that  it  is  equally  unlawful,  and  a  thousand  fold 
more  heignious  crime  to  obey  an  earthly  ruler,  in   <liso- 
bedienceto  the  plain  and  reiterated  commands  ef  Christ 
and  the  authority  of  Heaven!     When   they  must  know 
tliat  the  greatest  earthly  monarch  that  rules  among  men, 
is    infinitely  less  than  a  subaltern,  when  compared  with 
Christ  Jesus,  the  King  of  kings,  the  Lord  of  lords,  and 
the  Judge  of  judges.     While  even  Judge  Blackstone,  (a 
famous  civilian  and  commentator  on  the  British  laws  of 
jurisprudence,)  frankly  acknowledges  in  his  commenta- 
ry, that  'any  law  of  the  land  which  contravenes  a  law  of 
God,  is  nugatory,  and  of  no   force.*      But  alas  !    alas  ! 
The  words  '  Ruler,*  'Government,*  *  Emperor,*  'Kin«r,' 
•Constitution,*  ' President,*  ♦  Congress,*  &c.  sound  wilii 
such  a  magical  charm  and  omnipotent  power,   in  the 
ears  of  the  deluded,  servile,  priest-ridden  and  cheated 
multitude  of  earthly  minded  professors,  that  nothing  can 
be  favorably  heard  but   those   almost  omnific  sounds, 
which  darken  the  understanding — blind  the  judgment 
—bias  the  will— prejudice  the  mind— poison  the  affec- 
tions— fire  the  imagination — arouse  and  inflame  all  the 
malignant,  hateful  and  warring   passions  of  rebellinng 
souls,  to  blood  and  slaughter,  carnage  and  murder  of  iu- 
nocent  thousands,  without  ever  inquring  into  either  the 
equity  or  iniquity  of  their  cause,  on  either  side  of  the 
bloody  conflict.    And  thus  from  year  to  year,  and  from 


illl  I 


104 


LETTERS,  &«. 


age  to  acre,  yield  a  blind  nnd  servile  compliance  to  vin- 
d.ctive,  warring  rulers,  without  everasking  wheU.er  such 
comiriands  were  in  subordination  to,  or  i^  ebeH^^^^^^^^^ 

Whatever  [wople  of  any  Denomination,  mav  ima^inA 
concerning  the  rights  of  mankind  in  gene  aHwT cert 
tuinly  not  he  denied,  that  subjects  have  a  rTght  trrefuse 

Te  :'.mo'rT- Td  f"''  ',rZ  T'"'""'  -'»  '^  ™- 
°"  ""•.„  ^*"^  "  universally  held  to  be  the  case  in  law 

hm  todot.'  „  "  T""'^^'''^'^  "'  commanded 

nim  to  do  so;  nay,  even  the  command  )f  a  Itino-,  in  ca- 

ses^o^i^^nvate  robbery,  wonid  no.   be  stUficient"  to  pro- 

sal  law  of  al   nations,  condemn  as  wicked  and  unlawful 

hZZI  "'tr'""'-"'  «««•'  ">  commit,  canZcertain- 
^v  be  allowable  .n  any  combined  number  o(  iadividua  s ' 

^"ine"'"™!^."'"  ""  ""'"  ",d'«"'""«'^  »'>™'-d  than  to  im: 
ngine  numbers  can  sanctify  a  crime  !'— '  ecclesiastical 
magic  canonize  a  lie!'_or  when  '  one  murdermakes  a 

neeanse  hand  joins  in  hand,'  and  armies  murder  and 
ravage  by  the  arrogated  authority  of  ambitious  ™ler"- 
therefore  the  •  wicked  shall  alwa/s  pass  unpunished  '^ 
feurely  every  candid  and  impartiali;  honest*^  man  mui; 
admit  that  the  practice  of  murder/ robbery,  and  vX 
tion  o»  all  kind,  authorised  in  war,  cannot  'u,  iZZbl 

nL^Zf  ""r  '""'T"'*-     ^'"l  *•»'"  'his  mosi  oi^fous 
and  self-evident  truth  comes  to  he  generally  believed?"? 
wi  I  no  longer  be  in  the  power  of  the  ambition  of  pr  n 
ccs,  the  avarice  of  merchants,  or   the  caprice  of  those 
.n  power,  to  convulse  the  world,  by  destroying  the  peace 

souls  oTCT'  ""'  .^'""l'    "'"'  *™"'''"''  '•■e^lives'^  a.^ 
sous  of  the  human  family,  in  the  manner  th^y  have  for 
centuries  been  accustomed  to  do.      We  wretchedly  Z 
ceive  ourselves  by  smoothing  over  those  savage  crimes 
With  the  names  of  honor.  cf7i.r»<,»   .„.„;„.;„!!™- "™** 

al^av^  hi  f"  '^"i'  ^^^^'^  ^«  ^«^«  »''  <l»"rel,  must 
always  be  murder;  and  to  carry  off  goods  to  which  we 

robberi!:?  '"''  ''""  "^  ^^"'^"^^^  "^^^'''""^^  brtheft:? 

robbery,  let  us  argue  as  we  will. 


','  'l'.iiiiUMI.WBIHIfrBI 


IWWJUIIWJII 


LETTERS,  &«. 


105 


nco  to  vin- 

hether  such 

rebelJiou  a* 

Sove 


reign 


ay  imagine 
it  will  cer- 
it  to  refuse 
I  the  most 
m  earth, to 
ise  in  law; 
or  commit- 
ommanded 
ng,  in  ca- 
nt to  pro- 

ed,  univer- 
l  unlawful 
»t  certain- 
dividuals ! 
han  to  im- 
lesiastical 
r  makes  a 
•pose  that 
Ji'der  and 
IS  rulers; 
lished.' — 
nan  must 
ind  viola- 
justifiable 
t  obvious 
(lieved,  it 
I  of  prin- 

of  those 
the  peace 
ives  and 

have  for 
ediy  de- 
e  crimes 

aiiu   glO- 

rel,  must 
fhich  WQ 
t  theft  or 


Magistrates  commanding  what  Christ  and  the  rectified 
eonsciences  of  his  peaceful  subjects,  clearly  forbid,  is  the 
onlv  ground  upon  which  *  Peace  Societiesy''  and  pacific 
Denominations  refuse  active  compliance,  andxeven  then 
they  resist  not  the  operation  of  the  law,  but  ♦  submit  them- 
gdves  to  every  ordinance  of  man,  for  the  Lord's  sake'— 
passively  submit  to  whatever  suffering  the  *  ordinance  of 
man'  inflicts  as  a  penalty,  upon  the  conscientiously  pa- 
cific subjects  of  the '  Prince  of  Peace.'  And  while  they 
wifh  all  their  brethren  of  mankind  to  be  put  in  mind  of 
their  duty  as  men  and  Christians, '  to  be  subject  to  princi- 
palities and  powers;  to  obey  magistrates,  and  to  be 
ready  to  every  good  work  !'  They  also  earnestly  wish 
that  Christians,  and  indeed  all  their  fellow  brethren,  may 
be  enabled  to  meekly  and  paticritly,  yet  manfuHy  and 
zealously,  support  tl.e  dignity  of  rational,  humane,  and 
immortal  beings— roriginaliy  creat.'d  in  the  image  of  the 
eternal,  invisible,  and  incomprehensible  Maker  and  Pre- 
server of  all  things,  and  pronounced  by  him,  *very  good.' 
And  who  hath  graciously  condescended  to  reveal  his 
Name  and  Chiiracter  to  the  human  family,  even  in  their 
fallen  and  rebellious  state,  as  *the  God  of  Love,'  and 
•the  God  of  Peace.'  The  inexhaustible  source  and 
well-spring  of  all  life  and  salvation — the  exuberant  foun- 
tain of  pure,  unabatingand  disinterested  love,  goodness, 
and  communication  of  good  to  all  his  intelligences.  And 
we  heartily  desire  that  all  might  yield  implicit  obedience 
to  this  'living  and  true  God,'  rather  than  to  the  god  of 
of  war,  and  '  featan  reigning  in  the  hearts  of  the  chil- 
dren of  disobedience  ;'  and  if  sufferings  are  the  conse- 
quence, patiently  and   magnanimously  endure  them. 

But  if  the  magistrate  himself,  be  truly  a  Christian,  or 
desires  to  be  such,  he  ought  himself,  in  the  first  place, 
to  obey  the  commands  of  his  Master  and  Sovereign, 
who  is  in  Heaven.  And  if  he  obeys  the  plain,  positive 
and  unequivocal  commands  of  the  unerring  *  Prince  of 
Peace,'  we  are  certain  he  cannot  command  us  to  hate  or 
destroy  our  enemies  in  any  case  whatever ;  neither  to 
learn  the  anti-christian  and  murderous  art  of  dexterous- 
ly and  expeditiously  butchering  our  brethren  by  rule  and 
system!  But  if  our  rulers  be  not  trtie^  obedient  Chris' 
tians,  then  ought  we  to  obey  our  Lord  and  King,  Jesus 
Christ,  whom  they  ought  also  to  obey  ;  for  in  the  King- 
dom of  Christ,  (into  which  we  exultingly  believe  all  the 


106 


LETTERS,  &c. 


h 


arch  ,.,  ,h,:  clown      Bu7aL    „,*-?'"•,•  f"""  "'"  "'""- 
"uchai.  obediem-e'  *'""''^'-  «'"*'  '^I'ere  shall  wc  fiud 

Peace,'   and  receTv  "^  froL  ">''--'""»  Prince  of 

ingand  endearing    III  mT       /  ^;"'"""'  "P^'  ""^'"V- 

In  the  h,.nes  v^«^  '?      "  "  ""^  '"'« '''"W'-eu  of  God.' 

we  ca«  with  ChrL^fan  h  .!.  "''  ""^  ""*"  """"ci^'ces, 
tyrannical  ruler  'r,he"i1r:;:''7'J  ""  "''J-'  «"d 
who  boldly  «ood  forti  i!  he  ^  of  t^:""  "'"'  '"^"^ 
in  the  sight  of  God  fn  h  ,.  '    "^"e'^er  it  be  right 

which^fhaVe  see:'a:;hrard"'lA"ul'"/9  '"'  '"''•S^ 

j.;e„b,eKi„yr;ri:^:^3^t;-^^^^^^^^ 

I  subscribe  myself,  Dear  Sir,  your',  unfeignedly, 

John  Casey. 

A  SOLEMN  AND  PATHETIC  4DDRPSS 

•  TO  THE  WAERINO  BUIEB,  OP  CHKISTEKBO^      ^ 

*'  Oh,  you  that  promote   war  imi]  Mnr^AcU    i  • 
.m-,h,  wimtever .„«;  he vour Dre"LI!;i  .^?^?''^''..'''  '.''» 
01  Unai  retribution,  how  vol.  m„..'„ "  "'  '""  ""X 


LETTERS,  dtc. 


ii  will  soon 

?^«t  to  sub- 

i'ighest  to 

ti«<?   fjion- 

a{|  we  fiud 

land;  for 
ii.s<-jy  and 
'the  poor 

true  rirh- 

«nd  truly 

tlfeahiin- 

'«re  truly 

labor  of 
:e,   Kiiig- 
F*rince  of 
>  the  Jov- 
of  God.' 
sciences, 
U«st  and 
tid  John, 
igiiin  a  ry 
be  right 
hnn  unto 
5  things 

ngdoms 
getl  into 
r>  Jesus 

dSEY. 


ss 


in  tho 

tie  (lay 
od  for 
their 
your- 
n  the 


lo'y 


Jicentionsness,  immorality,  and  irreli^jfion  of  war,  as 
the  prime  agents  of  eternal  misery.  Could  anv  reflec'tino- 
wind  sit  down,  unbiassed  by  prejudice,  passion,  interest^ 
or  opinion,  and  collect  all  the  consequences,  temporal 
and  eternal,  insepurabie  from  war,  (if  the  review  could 
be  supported  by  the  human  intellect  without  destruction 
to  it,)  the  display  of  misery  would  be  the  most  dreadful 
that  ever  was  contemplated.— PFiY/t«Vi5o». 

LINES 

Sent  with  a  Present  of  the  Tracts  published  by  the  Socie- 
ty for  promoting  Permanent  and  Universal  Peace, 

The  heart,  once  influenced  by  a  Saviour's  love. 
In  soft  compassion  onward  seeks  to  move, 
His  bright  example,  most  to  such  will  shine  a 
Feaceful  and  pure,  tho' human,  yet  divine,  b 
If,  then,  her  holy  likeness  we  would  aim. 
Our  motives  try  before  our  steps  you  blame ; 
Urgd  by  no  wish  of  temp'ral  kind  we  move, 
Constraint  alone  by  Jesus'  boundless  love  ;  c 
And  Pity's  tear  suffuses  in  our  eye,  d 
While  we  behold  tfie  world  in  misery  lie.  e 
We  wish,  we  pray,  we  act,  this  point  to  gain- 
Man  s  full  redemption  from  Sin's  galling  chain  :f 
Nor  dare  we  think  that  *  Christian,'  well  agrees/ 
With  passions  only  led  the  flesh  to  please, 
Producing  anger,  malice  and  debate, 
But  fain  would  quench  that  murd'roua  mortal  hate. 
For  arts  of  war  displease  a  holy  God,  h 
Whose  word  prohibits  waste  of  life  and  blood  :  i 
He  but  permits  its  flames  a  scourge  to  be. 
That  man,  therein,  his  punishment  maysee.  k 
Say  then,  can  war,  a  Christian's  bosom  swell. 
Can  Christ  and  Moloch  in  one  bosom  dwell  ^  / 
As  well  might  elements  at  discord  rest. 
Or  fire  repose  on  ocean's  tmnhlpd  hroocf .  «, 


a  Peter  2.  21,  &c.     b  Isa.  9.  6,      c2  Cor.  5.  14.     dPs.  IIQ  15« 
e  1  Jolin  6.  19.         /Rorn.  8.  ?1.  22.  g  2  Cor.  6.  15    ie,  17 

A  .Tames  4.  1.     Gen.  7.  6.  ;  Ps.  5,  6,  fcc.  k  Ezek  14   21 

Matt.  26.  32.        1 1  Cor.  6.  19,  20.        m  See  Mati.  5.  and  compare 


108 


LETTERS,  ^. 


Ps. 
12. 


Water  and  fire  not  more  discordant  prove. 
1  i^n  sanguine  tempers  and  a  Saviom  's  love. 
-How  shalU  mortal  with  the  Christian  name, 
The  love  of  Christ  and  war,  at  once  proclaim  J 
And  can  a  Christian  stilJ  expect  to  see  « 
Ihesword  devour  and  rule,  perpetually  ;  o 
And  to  the  senseless,  foolish  axiom„  go 
*♦  It  will,  because  it  ever  has  been  so  "    * 

Has  not  the  word  divine  distinctl/spoke,  » 
1  hat  Princes'  hostile  spirit  shall  be  broke  f 
Hath  It  not  said  that  hincrs  and  queens  shall  be  <r 
1  he  nursing  parents  to  Christ's  family  '^ 
Was  not  the  Saviour's  message  all  of  peace '»  r 
Is  not  his  sceptre  ever  to  increase  1  s 
Are  not  the  latter  days  decreed  to  own 
The  universal  reign  of  God  the  Son  ?  t 
When  the  world's  wilderness  shall  all  become  u 

wu"     «"  ^*'°^'  ""^  Giace'a  ample  throne  ; 
Where  Righteousness  and  holy  Peace  extend  x 
Iheir  quiet,  sweet  assurance  to  the  end  ;  w 
Nor  arts  of  war  malign  be  longer  found  ; 
Her  weapons  thence  new  form'd  to  till  the  ground. 
While  love  fraternal  all  the  nations  know,  z 
And  Peace  indeed  shall  like  a  river  flow. 

These  are  our  aims—from  these  our  motives  scan, 
(The  principle  of  love  to  God  and  man,) 
If  these  you  patronise,  all  hail  the  day  a 
When  final  judgment  shall  its  doom  display : 
Then  shall  insulted  saints  to  glory  rise, 
Before  the  sous  of  scorn,  who  aow  despise. 
Then  will  be  seen  and  known  the  diff'rent  lot 
Of  those  who  serve  the  Lord,  or  serve  him  not. 

ScOTUS. 


5.  and  Rom.  3.  n  Isa.  2.  4.        o  Micah  4.  9.  »  Ps  76 

107.  14.  q  Isa.  49.  23.  r  Luke  2.  14.  5  Isa  9  fi' 

'  ?'•  l«  10  "*  ^'^'  ^\}^  V\      ^  ^^'^-         y  I^a-  2.  4.  as  abov?.' 
.  z  Isa.  66.  12.  a  Matt.  25.  31.  to  end.  and  Malachi  3.  15. 


APPENDIX. 


Address  of  the  London  Peace  Society, 

To  His   Royal  Highness,    George,    Prince    of  Wales^ 
Regent  of  the  United  Kingdom  of  Great  Brit- 
ain,  Sfc.  Sfc.  Sfc, 
May  it  please  your  Royal  Highness, 

Amongst  the  various  benevolent  institutions  which  dis- 
tinguish this  enlightened  age,  and  which  exalt  the  moral 
character  of  our  native  country,  the  Society  established 
"^  for  the  ProDQOtion  of  Permanent  and  Universal  Peace, 
is  one,  which  however  humble  its  efforts,  and  however 
distant  its  prospects,  at  least  contemplates  objects  of 
Tast  importance  to  the  happiness  and  welfare  of  the  hu- 
tnan  race. 

Composed  as  it  is  of  various  classes  and  sects,  the 
good-will  which  it  cherishes  is  intended  to  unite  in  firm- 
er bonds  of  concord  the  families  of  the  earth. 

The  active  members  of  this  Society,  are  deeply  im- 
pressed with  the  necessity  and  wisdom  of  moving  along 
in  the  quiet  path  of  unostentatious  labor ;  and  it  is  their 
earnest  desire  that  no  other  fruits  or  signs  of  their  exer- 
tions may  appear  than  an  increase  of  virtuous  and  peace- 
able disposition  in  the  community. 

They  would  not,therefore,assume  to  themselves  so  much 
importance,  nor  venture  upon  so  public  an  act  as  that  of 
addressing  your  Royal  Highness,  had  it  not  been  inti- 
mated that  the  objects  of  the  Society  were  in  some  de- 
gree liable  to  misrepresentation. 

But  having  prescribed  to  themselves  a  path  of  exer- 
tion, Entirely  governed  by  the  peaceable  principles  of 
the  Gospel,  and  altogether  unconnected  with  every  polit- 
ical discussion,  they  entertain  a  conviction  that  \  such 
principles  and  labors,  URd«5r  such  a  safeguard,  will  ef- 
fectually shield  them  frcr  miy  reasonable  imputation 
of  disloyalty. 

And  they  are  further  strengtheoed  in  thi»  conviction 
by  the  persuasion  that  their  humble  efforts  to  p  'omote  so 
benevolent  an  object  as  universal  Peace,  are  only  in  con- 
formity with  the  enlightened  spirit  of  the  times,  aod  ik 

10 


>   I 


m 


APPENDIX. 


mi.son  w.th  the  solemn  and  united  declaration  of  men 
moving  ,„  th«  m<.«t  exalted  sphere  of  human  elevation. 
1  ersuuded  also,  that  the  alliance  lately  entered  into 
«nrP«,Ph '""""'"'  of  Europe,  was  prompted  bv  the 
pmest  Christian  motives,  they  are  assured  that  the  he- 
m-volent  vi.ws  of.your  Royal  Hi|fhnes8,  are  perfectly 
consonant  to  the  language  and  spirit  of  that  ever  memo- 

l"ague         "'**^   "  ^'''''^  "*'''  •    '"^**^  «"*^  perpetual 

Such,  Sir,  are  their  sincere  convictions,  and  such  is 

he  object  which  they  have  at   heart-an  object  which 

^Z  T^"^  T  u""^'?*  ^'°"*  y°"^  ^«y«'  Highness,  con- 
m  "  ^  with  those  feelings  of  respect,  duty,  and  sub- 
mission,  by  which  they  are  bound  to  your  Rovnl  High- 
ness  person  and  Government.  '  *' 

Presuming,  therefore,  that  your  Royal  Highness  would 
gracmusly  extend  your  countenance  to  exertions  that 
wouw  have  a  tendency  to  pri)mote  the  true  glory  and 
iiappiness  of  your  paternal  dominions,  the  Society  for 
thf  promotion  of  Permanent  and  Universal  Peace  are 
emboldened  to  present  this  humble  Address,  and  to  re- 
quest that  your  Kojal  Highness  will  be  graciously  pleas- 
ed  to  accept  a  volume  of  their  Tracts  and  Report*. 

feigned  by  order  of  the  Committee, 

1^   ^    ,  ^  Robert  Marsden,  Chairman, 

le,  Earl  Street,  Sept.  17,  1818. 


THE  MEMORIAL  OF  THE  MASSACHUSETTS 

PEACE  SOCIETY. 

To  the  Honorable  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representa- 
tives of  the  United  States,  in  Congress  assembled: 

The  Mernorial  of  the  Members  of  the  Peace  Society  of 
*  •    Massachusetts  respectfully  represents  :— 

That  the  society,  which  now  solicits  the  attention  of 
our  national  rulers,  wa«  instituted  for  the  single  purpose 
ot  dittusing  pacific  and  benevolent  sfintimonta  fU.L.,u 
this  country,  and  thrc»ugh  the  world.  Impressed  wilh 
a  deep  and  sorrowful  conviction,  that  the  spirit  of  Chris- 
tiamly,  which  is  a  spirit  of  mercy,  pea^^e  and  kind  af- 
leciioii,  IS  imperfectly  understood ;  afflicted  by  the  ae- 


liWM»WI|IWIMj,.liMWmjJM 


APPENDIX. 


Ill 


r>n  of  meu 
elevation, 
tered  into 
id  by  the 
it  the  he- 
s  perfectly 
?er  memo- 
perpetual 

nd  such  is 
5ct  which 
ness,  con- 
and  ffub. 
ynl  High- 
ess  would 
ions  that 
lory  and 
jcioty  for 
eace  are 
nd  to  re- 
sly  pleas* 
[)rt6. 

r 

lirman. 


SETTS 


presenta- 
bled: 

)ciety  of 


Qtion  of 
purpose 

id  with 

f  Chris- 

kind  af- 

the  ae- 


cumulnted  miseries  and  extensive  desolations  which  war 
has  sprend  over  the  Cairest,  most  fruitful,  aurl  must  tn- 
Iiiihtened  regions  of  the  earth;  and  at  the  same  tinje, 
encouraged  by  many  decisive  proofs  of  the   leMvnl  of 
purer,  and  more  benevolent  principles  among  Christian 
nations,  your  memorialists  have  formed  this  association 
with  the  solemn  and  deliberate  purpose  of  co-operating 
wirli  the  philiiuthropists  of  every  country,  in  promoting 
the  cause  of  peace  and  charity  ;  in  stripping  war  of  lis 
false  glory,  and  in  uniting  different  communities  in  the 
bonds  of  mutual  good  will.     We  are  sensible,  that  from 
the  nature  of  our  object,  it  is  chiefly  to  be  accomplished 
by  a  silent  and  gradual  influence  on  the  minds  of  men, 
and  accordingly  we  have  limited  our  operations  to  the 
circulation  of  useful  treatises,  in  which  the  pacific  spir- 
it of  religion  has  been  exhibited  with  clearness,  and  we 
hope  with  success.     We  believe,  however,  that  the  pre- 
sent moment  demands  a  departure  from  c.ur  usual  coursp, 
and  w<i  cherish  the  hope,  that,  by  an  application  t.i  the 
government  under  which  we  live,  important  service  may 
be  rendered  to  the  cause  of  humanity,  in  which  we  are 
engaged. 

The  present  memorial  is  founded  on  two  occurrences, 
whif^h  we  hail  as  auspicious  to  the  pacificaticm  of  the 
world.  The  first  occurrence,  to  which  we  refer,  is  the 
well  known  and  uapieeedented  union  of  several  of  the 
most  illustrious  powers  of  Europe,  in  declaring,  before 
♦'  the  universe,  their  unwavering  determination  to  adopt 
for  the  only  rule  of  their  conduct,  both  in  the  adminis- 
tration of  their  respective  states,  and  in  their  political 
rcMation  with  every  other  government,  tUe  precepts  of 
Christianity, ^the  precepts  of  justice,  of  charity  and  of 
peace." 

The  second  occurrence,  to  which  we  refer,  is  the  de- 
cided expression  of  pacific  sentiments  and  anticipations 
in  the  conclusion  of  the  late  message  of  the  President 
of  the  United  States,  in  which  his  parting  wishes  f<»r  his 
country  are  expressed  with  tenderness  and  power.  In 
this^  remarkable  passage,  worthy  the  chief  magistiate  of 
5  ..ufisjian  community,  ^e  expresses  his  conviction,.s 
that  the  destined  career  of  his  country  will  exhibit  a 
government,  which,  whilst  it  refines  its  domestic  code 
from  every  inirredient  not  congenial  with  the  precepts 
•f  an  enlightened  age,  and  the  sentiments  of  a  virtuous 


lit 


Al»PENDIX. 


people,  seeks  by  appeals  to  reckon,  andby  its  liberal  ox- 
aiTi|)leB,  to  iDliise  into  the  law  which  governs  the  civilized 
world,  a  spirit  which  may  diminish  the  frequency,  or  cir- 
cunoscrihe  the  calamities  of  war,  and  meliorate  the  social 
and  beneficent  relations  of  peace  ;  a  government,  in  a 
word,  whose  conduct,  within  and  without,  may  bespeak 
the  most  noble  of  all  ambitions,  that  of  promoting  peace 
on  earth,  and  good  will  to  man." 

On  the  occurrenceg  now  stated,  your  memorialists  res- 
pectfully beg  leave  to  found  the  following  suggestions 
and  solicitations: — 

Firsft,  We  respectfully  solicit,  if  it  be  consistent  with 
the  principles  of  the  constitution,  thai  the  solemn  pro- 
fession of  pacific  principles,  lately  made  by  several  dis- 
tinguished sovereigns  of  Europe,  may  be  met  by  corres- 
ponding professions  on  the  part  of  our  own  government. 
While  we  are  sensible  that  a  melancholy  discordance 
has  often  existed  between  the  language  and  the  conduct 
of  rulers,  we  still  believe,  that  the  solemn  assertion  of 
great  and  innportant  principles,  by  men  of  distinguished 
rank  and  influence,  has  a  beneficial  operation  on  society, 
by  giving  to  these  principles  an  increased  authority  over 
the  consciences  of  those,  by  whom  they  are  professed, 
by  reviving  and  diffusing  a  reverence  for  them  in  th» 
community,  and  by  thus  exalting  the  standard  of  public 
opinion^  that  invisible  sovereign,  to  whose  power  the 
most  absolute  prince  is  often  compelled  to  bow,  and  to 
which  the  measures  of  free  government  are  entirely  sub- 
jected. When  we  consider  the  support,  which  is  now 
derived  to  war,  from  the  perversion  of  public  sentiment, 
we  are  desirous  that  our  government  should  unite  with 
the  governments  of  Europe  in  a  distinct  and  religious 
acknowledgement  of  those  principles  of  peace  and  char- 
ity, on  which  the  prosperity  of  states,  and  the  happi- 
ness of  families  and  individuals,  are  alike  suspended. 

Secondly^  We  respectfully  solicit,  that  Congress  will 
institute  a  deliberate  inquiry,  for  the  purpose  of  ascer- 
taining the  methods  by  which  this  government  may  ex- 
ert on  human  affairs,  that  happy  influence  which  is  an- 

thods  by  which  it  "  may  infuse  into  the  law  which  gov- 
erns the  civilized  world,  a  pacific  spirit,  may  diminish 
the  frequency,  or  circumscribe  the  calamities  of  war, 
and  may  express  the  most  noble  of  all  ambitions,  that 


APPENDIX. 


113 


heral  ex-' 
civi]iz<^d 
y,or  cir- 
he  social 
But,  in  a 
bespeak 
ig  peace 

ilists  rcs- 
[geshone 

ent  with 
imn  pro- 
eral  dis- 
f  corres- 
irnment. 
iordaiice 
conduct 
?rtion  <»f 
iguished 
society, 
rity  over 
'ofessed, 
1  in  th» 
)f  public 
wcr  the 
,  and  to 
rely  sub- 
1  is  now 
ntiment, 
lite  with 
eligious 
nd  char- 
!  happi- 
nded. 
*ess  will 
f  ascer- 


tnay  ex- 

fa  is  an- 

the  mC' 

ch  gov- 

iminish 

of  war, 

** 

nsi  that 

of  promotmg  peace  on  earth,  and  good  will  to  man." 
We  are  persuaded  that  a  government,  sincerely  disposed 
to  sustain  the  august  and  sublime  character,  which  is 
here  described,  of  the  pacificator  of  the  world,  will  not 
want  means  of  promoting  its  end.  We  trust,  that  under 
the  persevering  and  well  directed  efforts  of  such  a  gov- 
ernment, milder  principles  would  be  introduced  into  the 
conduct  of  national  hostiUties;  that  the  reference  of  na- 
tional controversies  to  an  impartial  umpire,  would  grad- 
ually be  established  as  the  law  of  the  Christian  world ; 
and  that  national  compacts  would  be  formed  for  the  ex- 
press purpose  of  reducing  the  enormous  and  ruinoun 
extent  of  military  establishments,  and  of  abolishing  that 
outward  splendor,  which  has  so  long  been  thrown  around 
war,  and  which  has  contributed  so  largely  to  corrupt  the 
moral  sentiments  of 'mankind. 

When  we  represent  to  ourselves  a  Christian  govern- 
ment sustaining  this  beneficent  relation  to  the  world ; 
mediating  between  contending  states;  recommending 
peaceful  methods  of  deciding  the  jarring  claims  of  na- 
tions ;  labouring  to  strip  war  of  its  pernicious  glare,  and 
to  diminish  the  number  of  those  who  are  interested  in 
its  support;  diffusing  new  and  generous  sentiments  in 
regard  to  the  mutual  duties  and  obligations  of  different 
communities ;  and  inculcating,  by  its  own  example,  a 
frank  and  benevolent  policy,  and  a  sincere  regard  to  the 
interests  of  the  world ;  when  we  represent  to  ourselves 
such  a  government,  we  want  language  to  express  our 
conceptions  of  the  happy  and  magnificent  results  of  its 
operations.  It  would  form  a  new  and  illustrious  era  in 
human  affairs,  whilst  by  the  blessings  which  it  would 
spread,  and  by  the  honor  and  confidence  which  it  would 
enjoy,  it  would  obtain  a  moral  empire,  more  enviable 
than  the  widest  dominions  ever  founded  on  violence  and 
crime. 

Loving  our  country  with  tenderness  and  zeal ;  accus- 
tomed to  regard  her  as  destined  to  an  exalted  rank,  and 
to  great  purposes  ;  and  desirous  to  behold,  in  her  insti- 
tutions and  policy,  increasing  claims  to  our  reverence 
and  affection,  we  are  solicitous  that  she  should  enter 
first  on  the  career  of  glory,  which  has  now  been  descri- 
bed, and  that  all  her  connexions  with  foreign  states 
should  be  employed  to  difflisc  the  spirit  of  philanthropy 

10 


114 


APPENDIX. 


aniT  to  diminish  the  occasions  and  miseries  of  war.    Of 
^uch  a  country  we  shall  emit  to  be  the  children,  and  we 
pledge  to  .t  an  attachment,    veneration,   and  suppoTt! 
which  can  only  b^  accorded  to  a  virtuous  communiV?. 
««hL"  T*"  '^^PPiT**  *^^*  "^^  ''^«  '"  a«  age  when  many 
when  tl  'hT  'f  ^>^-volence  have  been  accomplished^ 
When  the  idea  of  a  great  amelioration  of  human  affairs 
^  no  longer  rejected  as  a  dream  of  fancy;  when  stales! 
men  are  beginning  to  learn,  that  all  natiois  have  a  com^ 
n.oii  interest;  when  philanthropy  is  extendingTs  view, 
to  distant  countries,  nnd  is  executing  purpofes.  whirh 
would  once  have  been  regarded  as  the  offs^rL  of  S 
Wind  and  extravagant  zeal.     Jn  this  age  o?  enlarged 

forThe  lif "r"'  ^^^•i^™^?*',  «<^  unparalleled  activity 
Zinu  ^  ^"^  "mankind,  it  is  hoped  that  the  idea  of  a 
nn  hi*  5'P"V»»"?  »^«  cause  of  peace  and  humanity,  will 
h^LlJ'''"iT'^  as  visionary  and  impracticable.  En- 
lightened  and  benevolent  statesmen  will  discern  that  we 
do  not  hve  in  ordinary  times,  but  that  a  new  and  power- 

nnV'"^-  j^  •  '''  ^^1"  S^'"'®"  *^  "*«  '»"««^"  "ind,  which, 
under  judicious  influences,  may  issue  in  great  and  oer^ 
manent  improvements  of  the  social  state. 

In  presenting  this  memorial,  we  solemnly  declare,  in 
the  presence  of  God.  that  we  have  no  private  or  narrow 
views.     Un  this  subject,  we  belong  to  no  sect,  no  partv. 
As  lovers  of  our  country,  as   friends  of  mankind,  as 
disciples  of  Jesus  Christ,  with  the  spirit  of  peace  in  our 
breasts,  and  with  a  deep  impression  of  the  miseries  of 
war,  we  are  only  solicitious  to  prevent  the  effusion  of 
human  blood  by  human  hands,  and  to  recall  men  to  the 
conviction  that  they  are  brethren.     We  trust  that  the 
warmth,  with  which  we  have  spoken,  will  not  be  con- 
strued into  a  want  of  deference  towards  our  rulers.     On 
such  a  subject,  coldness  would  be  a  crime.     Our  convic- 
tions are  deep,  and  no  language  but  that  of  zeal  and  ear- 
nestness would  do  them  justice. 

We  hope  that  we  are  addressing  rulers,  who  are  sen- 
iible  to  the  responsibility  imposed  by  the  possession  of 
power  ;  who  regard  the  influence,  which  is  granted  them 
on  human  affairs,  as  a  solemn  trust ;  who  consider  them- 
selves as  ueionging  to  their  country  and  to  mankind,  and 
who  desire  to  treasure  up  for  themselves  consolation  in 
that  hour,  when  human  applause  will  be  an  unavailing 


>•', 


APPENDIX. 


lift 


war.    Of 

1)  and  we 

support, 
unity, 
ten  many 
ipliihed ; 
tn  affairs 
!>n  states- 
ide a  corn- 
its  views 
9*  which 
ing  of  a 
enlarged 

activity 
lea  of  a 
lity,  will 
le.     £n- 

that  we 
I  power- 

which, 
ind  per- 

slare,  in 
narrow 
5  party, 
ind,  as 
)  in  our 
eries  of 
ision  of 
1  to  the 
hat  the 
be  con- 
8.     On 
convic- 
nd  ear- 
re  sen- 
»ion  of 
dthem 
'  them- 
d,  and 
tion  in 
miling 


sound,  and  when  no  recollection  will  be  so  dear  as  that 
of  having  aided,  with  a  disinterested  zeal,  the  cause  of 
peace  and  humanity. 

By  order  of  said  Society, 

^,  ^,       .^         WILLIAM  PHILLIPS,  Pres't. 

Thaddeus  Mason  Harris^  Rec'g  Sec'y. 


LETTER  OP  JOSEPH,  LATE  EMPEROR  OP  OEBMANY. 

The  following  is  a  letter  of  the  Emperor  to  one  of  his 
Generals : — 

"General— I  desire  you  to  arrest   Count  K— ,  and 
Captain  W— ,  immediately.     The  Count  is  of  an  impe- 
rious character,  proud   of  hia  birth,   and   full   of  false 
ideas  of  honor.     Captain  W.   who  is  an  old  soldier, 
thinks  of  settling  every  thing  by  sword  and  pistol.     He 
has  done  wrong  to  accept   a  challenge  from  the  young 
Count,  I  will  not  suffer  the   practice  of  duelling  in  my 
army;  and  I   despise  the  arguments  of  those  who  seek 
to  justify  it.     1  have  a  high  esteem  for  officers  who  ex- 
pose themselves  courajreously  to  the  enemy,  and  who, 
on  all  occasions,  show  themselves  intrepid,  valiant  and 
determined  in  attack  as  well  as  defence.      The  indiffer- 
ence with  which  they  face  death  is  honorable  to  them- 
selves and  useful  to  their  country ;    but  there  are  men 
ready  to  sacrifice  every  thiajy  to  a  spirit  of  revenge  and 
hatred.     I  despise  them  :  such  mna,  in  my  opinion,  are 
worse  than  Roman  gladiators.     Let  a  council  of  war  be 
sunimoned  to  try  these  two  officers,  with  all  the  impar- 
trahty  whichi  demand  from  every  judge;  and  let  the 
most  culpable  of  the  two  be  made  an  example,  by  the 
rigor  of  the  law.     I  am  resolved  that  this  barbarous  cus- 
tom, which  is  worthy  of  the  age  of  Tamerlane  and  Baj- 
azet,  and  which  is  so  fatal  to  the  peace  of  families,  shall 
be  punished  and  suppressed,  though  it  cost  half  my  of- 
ficers.    There  will  be  still  left  men  who  can  unite  brave- 
ry with  the  duties  of  faithful  subjects.    I  wish  for  none 
who  do  not  resnent  fh^  Inu/a  «r  *i..  «»..^» 

Vtenna,  August^  1774." 


lie 


APPENDIX. 


The  following  is  a  guppoiod  answer  to  the  Emperor'i 
letter  !•"■" 


8irc, 


COUNT  K.  TO  THE  EMPEROR  JOSEPH. 


The  general  has  furnished  me  with  a  copy  of  your 
letter  to  hira,  and  I  am  now  under  arrest.  1  have  re- 
flected siJriously  on  your  censures,  and  would,  before  I 
siifTer  for  my  offence,  suggest  some  thoughts  for  your 
Majesty's  consideration. 

Of  me  it  is  said—"  The  Count  is  of  an  imperious 
tharacter,  pr»  ud  of  his  birth,  full  of  false  ideas  of  hon- 
or.'—On  reflection,  I  am  convinced  that  this  opinion  is 
correct.  But,  sire,  my  "false  ideas  of  honor"  were  the 
fruit  of  that  education  which  I  received  in  your  service; 
they  are  such  as  are  generally  possessed  by  military  of- 
ficers ;  and  perhaps  they  are  not  more  "  false"  than  those 
"  ideas  of  honor,"  which  sovereigns  entertain,  exempli- 
fy, and  applaud.  Why  should  it  be  thought  less  honor- 
able for  a  man  to  fight  valiantly  in  his  own  quarrels, 
than  so  to  fight  in  the  quarrels  of  his  prince.  And  if 
quarrelling  and  fighting  between  two  officers  is  shame- 
ful or  wicked,  what  shall  be  said  of  the  wars  of  princes? 

Of  ray  antagonist  your  majesty  has  said,  *  Captain 
W.  who  is  an  old  soldier,  thinks  of  settling  every  thing 
by  sword  and  pist'^,1.'— What  better  could  reasonably 
have  been  expected  of  an  *  eld  soldier,'  who  has  been 
trained  to  blood  ?  And  has  he  not  the  example  of  all  the 
princes  of  Europe  to  countenance  him  in  settling  his 
disputes  with  weapons  of  death  ?  Or  is  it  more  honor- 
able to  murder  men  with  cannon  and  muskets,  than  with 
swords  and  pistols  ?  Or  is  it  less  unjust  or  less  horrid 
for  sovereigns  to  call  forth  armies  of  innocent  men  and 
cause  them  to  murder  one  another,  to  settle  son-  .  >•  a- 
lous  dispute  than  for  two  gentlerren  to  settle  a  coatro- 
versy  equally  frivolous  by  fighting  their  own  bat      '' 

Your  Majesty  expresses  a  *  high  esteem  for  thosfe  of- 
ficers who  expose  themselves  courageously  to  the  enemy, 
and  who,  on  all  occasions,  show  themselves  intrepid, 
valiant  aud  detf^rmined  in  attack  as  well  as  defence.^^-^ 
Of  these  yOi<  say  « The   indifference  with  which  they 

oountry,' 

1  was  once  of  the  same  opinion,  but  reflection  has 
convinced  me  that  these  are  *  false  ideas.'    For  the  wars 


APPENDIX. 


IIT 


npcror*! 


of  your 
have  re- 
icfore  I 
)r  your 

iperious 
of  hon- 
inioD  is 
vere  the 
service ; 
itary  of- 
an  those 
xenipU> 
honor- 
uarrels, 
And  if 
shame- 
irinces  ? 
Oaptain 
y  thing 
son  ably 
ks  been 
fall  the 
ing  his 
honor- 
an  with 
horrid 
len  and 
n  frrvo- 

1086  of- 

eneray, 
itrepid, 

h  they 
o  their 

on  has 
le  wars 


of  princes  are  an  needless  as  the  combats  of  duellists.^ — 
Besides,  always  on  one  part  if  not  on  both,  a  war  is  pos- 
itively unju$<t  and  murderous;  and  1  cannot  think  that  it 
ou^ht  to  be  deemed  either  *hon«>rable  to  themselves*  or 

*  utieful  to  their  country,' for  men  with  Sndiflference  to 
face  death'  in  unjustly  attempting  to  destroy  their  breth- 
ren. 

•There  are  men,'  says  your  Majesty,  *«'ho  are  ready 
to  sacrifice  every  thing  to  a  spirit  of  revenge  and  ha- 
tred.' 

This  M>".m  meant  of  duellists  ;  but  is  it  not  in  fact  more 
8pp!ij&ble  to  warrinn^  princes  ?  Duellists,  indeed,  some- 
time'i  sacrifice  their  own  lives,  and  the  happinees  of  re- 
lations and  friends.  But  in  their  combats  there  is  no 
burnin<(  or  sacking  of  towns — no  murder  of  women  and 
children,  nor  of  the  sick  and  the  aged — no  ravaging  of 
provinces--  no  plundering  nor  devastation  of  the  proper- 
ty of  the  innocent — no  public  and  inhuman  celebrations 
of  victories,  and  seldom  mdie  than  two  lives  sacrificed 
in  one  quarrel.  How  trifling  then  the  sacrifices  in  a 
war  between  two  duellists,  compared  with  what  is  made 
in  a  war  between  two  princes !  What  are  two  lives  to  a 
hundred  thousand  ? 

Yet  of  revengeful  duellists  yonr  Majesty  has  been 
pleased  to  say— »I  despise  them.'  Perhaps,  Sire,  they 
are  as  much  entitled  to  your  compassion  as  your  con- 
tempt— to  compassion  for  their  misfortune  in  having 
been  trained  up  in  the  principles  of  revenge  and  murder, 
in  the  service  and  by  the  example?  of  their  princes. 

That  duellists  are  *  worse  than  Roman  gladiators'  may 
be  true ;  for  the>  fight  each  other  voluntarily ;  whereas 

*  the  Roman  gladiators'  were  prisoners  of  war,  doonoed 
by  iheir  inhuman  conquerors  to  fight  and  murder  each 
other,  for  the  amusement  of  t^io  multitude.  So  the  poor 
soldiers  of  difierent  countries  are  called  out  in  armies 
to  destroy  one  another,  to  gratify  the  ambition  or  revenge 
of  their  merciless  rulers.  Soldiers  and  Gladiators  may 
stand  on  equal  ground  as  to  guilt;  duellists  may  be 
worse  than  either  of  these ;  but  can  they  be  worse  than 

those  rulers  who  wnntnnlv  rniieA  ^nlrliofa    anA  trlaAiatixm^ 

to  shed  each  other's  blood,  and  who  exert  their  influence 
to  render  fighting  a  glorious  profession  ? 

Your  Majesty  has  denounced  duelling  as  a  •  barbar- 
ous custom,  worthy  of  the  age  of  Tamerlane  and  Beg- 


118 


APPENDIX. 


■ 


1  heir  eiomple,  iudeed,  would  still  be  pernicious  h,„ 
the  .av.„g  of  blood  and  treasure  would  C  ^rea"  •'  ^r 
thry  misht  stdl— a«  they  often  do   uow—phJ, T  " 
P..n.l.  other  peopl..  for  i^Mtati^ '^.r  o^i  r„    '^-^  '" 

feo  great .«, our  ahhorrence  of  duelling,,  ,l,a?3,„ve 
«a,d  I  deap.se  the  arguments  of  those  who  seek  to  Z! 
tifv  It.  1  am  persuaded.  S.re,  that  when  peonle  shill 
have  beco.„e  ,n,i.v  enlightened.  ,hey  may  w^h  tea,  " 
propriety,  say  the  same  of  the  arguments  to  „.^r  .? 
wars  of  princes.  Both  customs  howe.e"  are  ChlL 
ahliorrent  to  enlightened  reason,  t^^^^r. '^r;':: 

iinjz.ffi.^  sTmif?:'::!^, -^  X!.yt:r„^"'- 

ty  .hall  think  pro,.er  to  inflict  on VeThu  'l  aT^n^^ru" 
that  you  should  understand,  that  the  wars  of  dueM  It, 
and  the  wars  even  of  pirates,  are   no,  more  reprehe    f.' 
hie,  nor  more  atrocious,  than  the  wars  of  sovereign* 

Sept.  6th,  1774.  '  Count  K. 

l,.?V^"  '■'•'VL""" ''™'"  '''^  Emperor  to  the  General 
has  frequently  been  published,  and  is  supposed  "the 
genuine.  1  !,„  one  from  Count  K.  to  the  Emperor  has 
perhaps  never  before  appeared  in  this  country,  and  "s 
genmneness  may  therefore  be  deemed  more  ques  ion"  hi  ' 
but  the  sentiments  contained  in  it  deserve  7h.  "„".!:.' 
nous  eoosKlerntion  of  both  rulers  and  subject's  in  VveTv 
qpuntry  of  Christendom.  •"  ' 

Editor  of  tlie  Friend  of  Peace. 


APPENDIX. 


119 


roiis  c!is- 

le  age  of 

rnmems. 

EJ  time  of 

present 

in   8oine 

f  public 

J — when 

princes 

i»8  their 

the  op- 

ous,  but 
at ;  for 
lawri  to 
pie. 
)u  have 

to  JMS- 

B  shall 
freater 
ii'y  the 
•arous, 
to  ;e- 

duel- 
najes- 
txious 
>ni»ts, 
ben  si- 
lt'. 
K. 


leral, 
o  he 
«  has 
d  its 
ible ; 

very 
e. 


To  the  presirJent  and  Committee  of  the  Society  of  Chris- 
tian Murals,  established  at  Paris. 

London,  8th  Mav,  1822. 
Gentlemen,—  ' 

The  (Jiutnnitteo  of  the  Society  established  in  London, 
for  the  promotion  of  Permanent  and  Universal  Peace, 
have  watched  with  exceeding  interest  the  sjrowth  and 
progress  of  your  Society,  and  hail  with  unfeigned  plej.s- 
ure  its  final  establishment.  They  congratulate  you, 
they  congratulate  themselves,  and  mankind,  on  the  list  of 
names  distinguishing  your  early  labors;  and  see  with  no 
common  delight,  illustrious  individuals  of  widely  differ- 
ent religious  opinions,  all  united  to  carry  into  effect  the 
great  object  which  interests  us  all — ftie  dissemination  of 
the  most  striking  and  important  principles  of  Chris- 
tianity. 

They  offer  you  the  most  cordial  co-operation  ;  they 
rejoice  to  be  called  on  to  labor  with  you  in  a  field  so  hon- 
orable ;  they  feel  their  own  difficulties  and  disappoint- 
ments dissipate,  when  they  see  rising  around  them,  So- 
cieties like  your's,  offering  them  the  hand  of  fellowship, 
and  the  sjiirit  of  sympathy.  They  cannot  despair  of 
the  final  triumph  of  truth,  when  they  see  so  many  able 
advocates  engage  ifi  its  dissemination  and  defence ;  and 
they  ardently  hope  that  Christian  charity  will  wing  its 
way  over  the  world,  blending  all  pursuits  in  an  universal 
philanthropy — teaching  nations  that  they  have  but  one 
conmon,  one  general  interest,  to  which  their  own  is  sub- 
servient, and  eradicating  those  prejudices  and  malignant 
feelings,  which  have  scattered  round  them  misery,  des- 
olation, and  death. 

Our  Committee  will  look  with  anxious  sympathy  on 
the  labors  of  your  Society,  and  will  communicate  them 
to  the  world  whenever  they  shall  be  in  accordance  (as 
we  doubt  not  they  will  always  be)  with  the  great  subjects 
of  our  mutual  regard.  They  trust  that  your  communi- 
catiovis  will  be  active  a«d  uninterrupted;  and  whenever 
your  Society  shall  publish  the  Periodical  to  which  a  ref- 
erence has  been  made,  they  will  give  it  every  encourage- 
inenl  m  their  power.  Meanwhile  they  avail"  themselves 
m  this  occasion,  to  send  six  copies  of  the  New  Series  of 
The  Herald  of  Peace,  whose  pages  they  hope  will  be  a- 
doined  by  the  reports  of  your  futufe  proceedings,  and  in 


i-f 


ISO 


APPEIVDIX. 


have  h«d,he\:„„rofX7 ';^;^«^h/ •heir  Member  Ts 

«">?••  By  such  aMociatio"f  imon"  ,hi  ^  u^  '""•■  '"" 
««  and  zealous  io  ,be  cause  of  ,™fb  ^"u-  l^  ?™  •""- 
of  Peace,  they  hope  to geeor  J .?.  *  *'"."''  " "•«  «»»»« 
final  ex.irpa.ion  «nhe .^.Ivo lenVaK'*''' '"T/"'  ">" 

this  occasion.     AccepTmyTs 'ec,,        *^  "■*""  '"^'"^  "' 
JOHN  BOWRING,  Foreign  Sec'y. 


The  Committee  of  the  Snrip*,,  «/•  rr*  •  ^  • 
Sir,  ^^^'^'S'  16th  May,  1822. 

producing  the'rst"hIp;;Xc^Tnd"|,aM'ir'  .f""  "' 
result  will  be  the  proDaration  nf  .h      "J?."''«  "H'mate 

happinessof  Th^hra^rd"  Krou'iTa^t^i''' 
n.ii.oi  .„.-!,    r^P  'Jl  ^'^^l*^  interesting  and  valuable  n«rJ. 


^our  Pre*. 

dly  recep- 
smbers  as 
your  sit- 
are  hc»n- 
the  cause 
^y  for  the 
ailed  into 
►rm — viz. 

fraternal 
»rgan  oa 

SecV. 


s,  to  Mr. 
'  Society 

1822. 

est,  the 
;e  Soci- 
nk  that 
ubt,  be 
fail  of 
Itimate 
nciples 
\\\y  re- 
tent  of 
I  of  the 
act  in 
ect  aQ 
I  spec- 
ig  th9 
».  »Sir, 
he  re- 

nfiri. 

'  pro- 

We 

imbep 


APPENDIX. 


m 


We  have  seen  With  the  most  lively  pleasure  and  fra- 
ternal interest,  Members  of  your  Society  taking  their 
seat  among  us,  and  assisting  us  in  our  dehberations.  It 
is  by  this  union,  that  the  friends  of  humanity  among 
every  nation  will  be  able  to  promote,  through  the  influ- 
ence of  Christianity,  the  happiness  of  mankind.  May 
our  intercourse  with  each  other  form  one  of  the  Unks 
of  this  grand  association,  which  wilt  contribute  towards 
making  peace,  happiness,  and  every  virtue  which  flows 
from  the  holy  precepts  of  the  gospel,  reign  among  men. 

I  congratulate  myself.  Sir,  on  being  commissioned 
to  transmit  to  yon  the  sentiments  and  views  of  the  So- 
ciety, and  I  pray  you  to  receive  the  assurance  of  our 
high  consideration  and  fraternal  regard. 

CHARLES  COQUEREL, 

One  of  the  Secretaries  of  the  Society  for  the  applica- 
tion of  the  Christian  Precepts  to  the  Social  Rela^ 
tions  of  Life* 

A  LETTER 
ADDRESSED  TO  THE  KING  OF  ENGLAND, 
Br  Thomas  Thrush, 
On  resigning  Ms  commission  as  a  Captain  in  the  Royal  Na- 
vy, on  the  ground  of  the  unlawfulness  of  war. 

*    '1  ^n*  "ot  ™ad,  most  noble  Festus;  but  speak  forth  the  words  of 
•ruth  and  soberness."  . 

When  a  subject  presumes  publicly  to  address  hif 
sovereign,  on  a  matter  which  he  deems  of  the  very  high- 
est importance  to  the  welfare  and  happiness  of  man- 
kind, he  Qannot,  if  his  motives  ar«  pure,  help  feeling 
much  anxiety  to  acquit  himself  in  a  way  that  may  best 
promote  his  views ;  that  piay  give  no  offiince  to  the  sove- 
reign he  addresses;  and  that  may,  as  much  as  possible, 
dfsarm  public  ceHsure. 

This.  Sire,  is  mv  map  ?  anA  tvk^^  i  :»<*....«.  v^...  lur.; 
estythat  the  purport  of  this  letter  is  to  announce  mj  re- 
signation of  the  commission  and  rank  I   hold  in  Your 
Majesty's  Nasval  Service,  from  a  conviction  that  my  re^ 

11     '    . 


]2t 


APPENDIX. 


tainingr  them  19  incompatible  with  mj  Christian  profe*. 
sion,  It  will  be  obvious  that  my  situation,  if  not  one  of 
Kreat  difficulty,  is,  at  least,  one  of  peculiar  delicacy.     Jt 
will  be  equally  obvious,  that  it  is  no  easy  matter  for  me 
.?r  jS^'"^  offence,  or  even  to  escape  censure. 
I  he  difficulties  of  my  situation  are  increased  by  the 
consideration  that  I  have  no  precedent  for  my  guidance 
either  as  to  the  letter  I  am  addressing  to  Yoir  Majesty! 
or  to  ths  important  and  unusual  act  to  which  this  lettw 
relates.     In  both  cases  1  am  acting,  and  I  feel  the  weiffh- 
ty  responsibility,  solely  on  ray  own  judgment,  and  with- 
out the  aid  of  precedent  or  example.      This  considera- 
tion ouftht  to  make  me  both  humble  and  circumspect; 
that  I  may  neither  do  nor  say  any  thing  of  which  I  may 
hereafter  see  just  cause  to  repent.      I  trust,   Sire,  this 
will  not  be  my  case;  for  on  the  subject  of  these  paaes 
I  have  not  thought  lightly  or  casually,  but  seriously  a'nd 
intensely ;  and  this  not  merely  during  a  week,  a  month, 
or  even  a  year,  but  almost  daily  for  the  last  three  years 
After  endeavoring  to  gain  the  best  information  on  a  sub- 
ject continually  becoming  more  interesting  to  me ;  and 
after  imploring  the  guidance  of  that  Being  who  alone 
can  direct  the  hearts  of  men  to  what  is  right;  my  scru- 
ples concerning  the  accordancy  of  the  military  profess- 
ion  with  the  precepts  of  the  Christian  religion  have  end- 
ed in  the  conviction,  that  the   duties  of  this  profession 
are  altogether  irreconcilable  with  the  plain  fundamental 
principles  of  our  holy  religion. 

Considering  the  subject  matter  of  this  letter,  and  the 
profession  of  its  writer,  it  might  be  deemed  more  res- 
pectful to  Your  Majesty,  as  well  as  to  the  distinguished 
persons  who  compose  the  Board  of  Admiralty,  that  I 
should,  according  to  professional  etiquette,  address  ray- 
pelf  to  them,  through  their  Secretary.  After  due  con- 
sideration, it  appears  necessary  for  me,  on  the  present 
occasion,  to  depart  from  this  custom.  Whether,  Sire, 
I  rejrard  Your  Majesty  as  the  fountain  of  military  rank 
and  honor,  or  as  the  Supreme  Head  of  the  Church  of 
Christ  in  the  nation  you  govern,  but  more  especially  as 
the  latter,  I  feel  it  tobemy  duty  to  address  these  pages 
to  Your  Majesty ;  and  I  trust  that  my  boldness,  in  do- 
ing HO,  will  not  be  considered  as  a  departure  from  Chris- 
tian humility,  or  from  the  deference  and  duty  justly  re- 
quired from  a  subject  to  his  sovereign. 


APPENDIX. 


When  a  man,  by  many  years  of  assiduity  and  active 
«xertion,  has  gained  a  highly  respectable  rank  in  his 
proession;  when,mded,he  has  nearly  arrived  at  tbe 

funLf  u'  V'^^T''  '?"^  >  «*P««t«d  'h«  he  will 
U  arikfully  enjoy  this  ranlc,  and  its  emoluments.      But 

when,  instead  of  doing  so,  he,  in  advanced  life,  resigns 
these,  he  IS  ikely  to  be  taxed  v.ith  something  beyond 
meieimbecil,ty,-the  remark  of  Festus  to  St.  Paul  wUl 
scarcely  be  thought  too  severe  for  a  person  actingthu. 
at  variance  with  common  feelings  ind  praci  ce       A. 

Lr/ht""*^  '^•''"''^  "^  *PP"«^  to'meTThopt 
though  I  have  no  pretensions  to  the  learning  of  the  A. 

iCt  "I  a™  /  "«3r  j»e  P«-i"fd  to  a„swer?n  his  trds 

To  account  for  a  conduct   so  perfectly  stranae  anri 
unusual,  IS  a  duty  I  owe  to  Your  M^esty :    bu"^before    . 

for th: "e^ll.t'  ^J/J*^''''  "«1  ""tjfactory  reJnl 

duce  very  iinDnrfr..fT'      8*"*'""^  adopted,  would  pro- 

Tour  Maje,  Ho  my  b  X  "1'  ""  "»P«™iye  duty  to 
atlarge.butasoamo.t^^r^fj'*"'  ""d  to  the  wbrld 
I  .hould  ^th Te  ^^aTeZr  ''"'^  '"  "y  "«•'«"•  'hat 
or  rather  mTapolSy  for  ^JZZ'"^  """u^^  ™"'°"»- 
I  know,  is  iD  modi™  ti^..*^  '**]*'  *'''''''  °»  ^ar  ag 
this,  it  iill  be  mv  lost  In?  •"'P'*««''«»'e<l-  In  doing 
observe  that  d^er^nc *  «^H'°"'7"'i  """^  '"deavour  to 
to  YourMajeetfrrrson  andf°?h''  f '•""  J-^'^  «''«' 
tant  Mation  you  6^    SI,™.?-?  i  /^f  ?'*?'*'' ""''  '"Po"-' 

treat  y„„.  Si're^o  binere  that  n.v  f  '?  ""ir^  ""''  '  '"'- 
from  a  wish  to  withhoW  f  '""' "'^  fa''"™  does  uot  arise 

Mly^»e^oZf'^ftTlr..^•'i^^y.  ">«  honor 
lo- render  unto  God  ii.r;i:"  «"   "^^^poweritig   anxiety 

Although.  ^reTfeirtH^'"/n'''*'  ""'^  ^"^'«-" 
case  I  am  g^inr'hvnm     ^^   n^^*"'^  conviction  that  the 

^eranycrcumLS  """^^  "«'  »°- 

/     rcumstances  happen  to  me ;  yet  permit  me  to 


124 


APPENDIX. 


K 


suppose,  thoujrh  living  under  your  protection,  that  I 
^loulfl  so  far  forget  my  obligations  and  my  allegiance  to 
Your  Majesty  as   to  unite  myself  to  your  enemies.— 
Were  I,  by  any  possibility,  implicated  in  a  transaction 
80  truly  degrading,  I  should  consider  it  as  my  first  duty, 
as  soon  as  I  became    sensible    of  the    enormity    of  my 
crime,  to  make  the  most  ample  and  the  most  public  re- 
paration for  it.     Though  my  doing  so  might  subject  me 
to  the  charge  of  cowardice  and  treachery ;  yet,  unques- 
tionably, it  would  be  my   bounden  duty  to  retrace  my 
steps  and   return  to  my  allegiance  to  you,  ray  lawful 
sovereign ;  and  it  would  be  equally  my  duty  to  do  this  in 
the  most  public  manner. 
In  some  points  my  own  real  situation  appears  to  tne 

very  similar  to  the  imaginary  case  I  have  here  stated. 

With  much  zeal  and  sincerity  1  entered  into  the  Naval 
Service  of  Your  Majesty's  revered  Father,  and  swore 
allegiance  to  him.     This  allegiance  ia  now,  of  course, 
due  to  Your  Majesty,  as  his  lawful  successor.      When  I 
entered  into  this  solemn  contract,  I  entertained  no  ap- 
prehension that  I  was  acting  in  opposition  to  the  princi- 
ples of  the  Christian  religion ;    nor  did  any  apprehen- 
sion of  this  kitid  ever  arise  in  my  mind  during  the  time 
i  was  actively  employed  in  the  service  of  my  country. — 
Nay,  so  far  from  suspecting  that  I  was  departing  from 
Christian  rectitude,  it  appeared  to  me  almost  certain,  if 
1  should  lose  my  life  in  the  service  of  my  king  and  mj 
country,  that  this  would  serve  as  a  kind  of  passport  to 
the  favor  and  acceptance  of  God.     This  opinion,  which 
has  been  frequently  inculcated  by  ministers  of  the  Gos- 
pel of  Peace,  as  well  as  by  Pagan  writers,  is,  I  believe, 
generally  entertained  by  those  who  think  at  all   when 
they  enter  the  naval  or  military  profession. 

Those,  Sire,  who  live  much  in  the  world  are  imper- 
ceptibly led  to  think,  and  act,  upon  the  principles*  of 
those  with  whom  they  associate.  Though,  in  the  busy 
scenes  of  naval  service,  I  never  entertained  an  idea  of 
my  profession  being  irreconcilable  with  the  religion  of 
Christ ;  yet  after  passing  several  years  in  retirenient  bor- 
dering on  seclusion ;  and  after  more  closely  inspect- 
ing tnS  's.-iiristian  preerpts,  and  reviewing  my  past  life, 
it  appears  to  me  that  while  I  have  been  serving  my  king 
and  my  cowntry,  if  not  brilliantly,  yet  faithfully,  t  have 
been  acting  in  open  disobedience  to  the  plain  and  posi- 


n,  that  I 
Jginnce  to 
lemies. — 
insaction 
ifst  duty, 
y  of  my 
jublic  re- 
bject  me 
unques- 
race  my 
y  lawful 
do  this  ia 

rs  to  tne 
stated. — 
be  Naval 
d  swore 
'  course, 
When  I 
j  no  ap" 
e  princi- 
►prehen- 
he  time 
intry. — 
ng  from 
rtain,  if 
and  Ttij 
sport  to 
I,  which 
^e  Gos- 
believe, 
1  when 

imper- 
iplesr  of 
le  busy 
idea  of 
igion  of 
jnt  bor- 
nspect- 
ast  iife, 
ly  king 

1  have 
,d  posi- 


APPENDIX.  125 

tiTe  commands  of  another  and  a  superior  master,— a  Mai- 
ler whose  claims  upon  my  allegiance  are  prior,  and  par- 
amount, to  those  of  Your  Majesty,  or  of  any  earthly 
sovereign.  ' 

Christianity  being  considered  as  a  part  of  the  laws  of 
the  land,  it  would  seem  reasonable  to  canclude,  that  so 
long  as  a  subject  obeys  the  precepts  of  the  divine  Foun- 
der  of  this  religion,  he  can  hardly  fail  in  any  important 
duty  to  his  sovereign.  In  other  words,  if  a  subject  is 
careful  to  "  render  unto  God  the  things  that  are  God's," 
It  will  be  hardly  possible  for  him  to  withhold  from  his 
sovereign  those  things  that  are  lawfully  due  to  him.  In 
t^hnstiamty  one  duty  implies  the  other;  and  thus  the 
duty  to  the  Prince  is  placed  upon  the  most  solid  founda- 
tion, as  forming  an  essential  part  of  a  Christian's  duty 
to  uod.  But,  Sire,  permit  me  with  great  deference  and 
respect  to  observe,  that  the  claims  of  an  earthly  sove- 
reign,  parent,  or  benefactor,  to  our  gratitude,  our  love, 
and  our  obedience,  ought  not,  for  a  moment,  to  be  put  in 
competition  with  those  of  our  Maker.      And  it  is,  Sire. 

ZrZlT^'    ''"^"^•'"  ^."'^•i'"'  ***^  «"'•  *»»?»>««*  interest 
IVne        ""''''"^f'*^"**  «"*^  absolute  obedience  to  God 

During  the  latter  part  of  those  years  of  retirement 
which  I  have  mentioned,  this  and  ofher  ChristranTuthl 
have  become  strongly  impressed  on  my  min^-  and  con 

fession  may  be  considered,  it  is  impossible  for  a  man  to 

rfor  bv  VrT  '•"*'  ^  Si^**^"^  ^"""^^^^  "^^hrist  and  a  Car° 
nor  by  profession.  The  moment  a  man  sells  himself 
to  his  sovereign,  or  to  his  country,  for  the  purDosT  of 
human  destruction,  he  loses  casteMi  I  may  Klowed 

th:t'frSrt'  T  u'^'"^'^^"-.  »^  ^-frti:thatty' 

Yo.  r  Mo- •'?*  ""^^  ^^  permitted  to  make  the  remark 

^heL.^rcixr"  r.  '"'^^^^^'^  ^p"»""«  --^«" « 

!.«?':..  i",«°°firming  the  sentence  of  a  Court  MartJ-l 

of'orderr  Youf M^'?"  ^"  '^^  ^«^^^"  ^^'  disobedience 
ui  uraers,  rour  Majesty  most  justly  observes  \hu\  »  Tfi 

'O'cers  as  apUafer  dtssbchmce  of  orda-s,  the  discipline 

.  11* 


126 


of 


APPENDIX. 


the  07  my  would  sustain  an  injury  which  might  he  dan- 
gerous to  the  state,"  Surely,  Sire,  this  is  equivalent  to 
saying  that  men  who  are  imbued  with  religious  printipks, 
or  Christians,  are  unfit  for  the  military  service.  Of  the 
justice  of  Your  Majesty's  remark,  or  of  the  equity  of 
the  sentence  of  the  court,  no  one  conversant  in  military 
discipline  can  entertain  a  doubt.  Thinking  men,  who 
believe  that  their  professional  duty  interferes  with  their 
duty  to  God,  ought  not  to  halt  between  two  opinions. 

Since  1  have  been  led  to  the  examination  of  the  fore- 
going opinions,  my  convictions  from  reflection  and  from 
reading,  especially  from  reading   the  Holy  Scriptures, 
have  become  established.     Indeed   there  is  scarcely  a 
chapter  in  the  New  Testament  that  does  not  virtually 
condemn   war— scarcely  a  command,  or  a  precept,  to 
which  a  professed  warrior  can  pay  unconditional  obedi- 
ence.    I  therefore.  Sire,  as  a  Christian,  looking  forward 
to  existence  beyond   the   grave,  feel  myself  compelled 
to  resign,  and  lay  at  Your  Majesty's  feet,  that  commis- 
sion in  your  Naval  Service,  which  I  labored  with  dili- 
gence and  fidelity  to  attain  ;  and  on   which,  when  at- 
tained, no  one  placed  a  higher  value  than  myself.     1  see 
no  alternative.  Sire,  between  doing  this  and  relinquish- 
ing those  glorious  hopes  of  immortality  which  our  Sa- 
viour holds  out  to  those,  and  to  those  only,  who  obey 
his  precepts. 

In  camps  and  fleets,  and  iA  the  busy  scenes  of  public 
life,  the  awful  threats  and   the  cheering  hopes  of  the 
Gospel  do  not  receive  the  serious  consideration  they  de- 
serve.    Withdrawn  from  those  scenes,  my  mind  hak 
become  more  and  more  impressed  with  the  clearest  con- 
viction, that  for  men  to  devote  themselves  to  the  milita- 
ry profession,  and  to  assemble  by  thousands  for  the  a- 
vowed  purpose  of  deliberately  shedding  human  blood, 
ia  as  clearly  contrary  to  the  plain  and  positive  precepts 
of  Jesus,  as  it  is  abhorrent  to  those  natural  feelihgs  of 
humanity  that,  till  blunted  or  perverted  by  education, 
are  in  mercy  impressed  on  our  hearts  by  our  wise  and 
benevolent  Creator.     Entertaining  the&e  opinions;    be- 
lieving ihat  they  will  be  approved  by  my  future  Judge ; 
and,  a's  a  Christian,  determined  never  to  draw  a  sword, 
or  pull  a  trigger,  for  the  purpose  of  shedding  human 
blood ;  nor  yet  to  return  a  blow  for  a  blow,  or  an  insuh 
for  an  insult ;  I  feel  myself  perfectly  unfit  for  Your  Ma- 


APPENDIX. 


ia«r 


t  be  dau" 
VHlcnt  to 
mntiples, 
Of  the 
equity  of 

military 
len,  who 
nth  their 
lions, 
the  fore- 
dnd  from 
sriptures, 
carcely  a 
virtually 
Dcept,  to 
al  obedi- 
:  forward 
>mpelled 
comrois- 
rith  dili- 
^'hen  at- 
f.  1  see 
linquish- 

our  Sa- 
ho  obey 

f  public 
s  of  the 
they  de- 
ind  hak 
est  con- 
}  milita- 
T  the  a- 
i  blood, 
)recepts 
lihgs  of 
ication, 
'ise  and 
ns ;    be* 
Judge ; 
sword, 
human 
u  insuft 
>ur  Mt4- 


jesty^s  Naval  Service,  and  I  think  I  should  not  act  either 
hone8tly,or  consistently,  in  retaining  my  commission. 

1  am  aware,  Sire,  that  the  step  I  have  taken  might, 
in  times    less    liberal   and  enlightened,    have    subjec- 
ted me  to  severe  pains  and  penalties.     I  am  thankful 
that  I  live  in  times  when  the  Christian  religion  is  not 
only  better  understood,  but   when  it  is  conbid«red  us 
forming  an  essential  part  of  the  laws  of  the  most  pow- 
erful and  civilized  nations;  and  f  feel  much  confidence 
that  Your  Majesty,  though  you' may  condemn  the  step  I 
have  taken,  will  approve  the  motive  by  which   it  has 
been  dictated.     Were  the  subjects  of  Your  Majesty,  and 
of  other  sovereigns,  to  act  generally  on  the  principle  I 
have  adopted,  though  some  local  and  temporary  incon^ 
venience  might  be  the  result,  extensive  und  permanent 
good  must  be  the  consummation  :  nor  is  it  probable  that 
universal  peace  will  ever  be  established  on  any  other  ba- 
sis than  unconditional  obedience  to  the  precepts  of  Je- 
sus. 

Suppose,  Sire,  that  instead  of  Your  Majesty's  sub- 
jects adopting  this  pacific  system,  the  French,  whom, 
alas !  Contrary  to  the  fundamental  principles  of  our  re- 
ligion, we  have  been  trained  to  regard  as  our  natural 
enemies-^Suppo&e,  Sire,  that  they  shold  set  the  glorious 
example  to  the  world,  and  "beatitheir  swords  into  plough 
shares  :"  would  Your  Majesty,  or  would  your  subjects, 
or  would  other  nations,  regard  this  as  a  misfortune  ? — 
Instead  of  thus  considering  it,  would  it  not  be  hailed  by 
all  as  a  most  auspicious  event  ?  And,  instead  of  thereby 
subjecting  themselves  to  insult,  would  they  not  command 
the  admiration,  the  esteem,  and  the  friendship,  of  ev?- 
ry  civilized,  and  even  of  every  savage  nation  1  May  it 
henceforth.  Sire,  be  the  ambition  of  Britain  and  France, 
to  set  to  other  nations  the  glorious  example  of  cultiva- 
ting a  Christian,  instead  of  a  martial  spirit. 

In  withdrawing  myself  froni  Your  Majesty's  Naval 
Service,  I  have  the  consolation  of  doing  it  in  a  time  of 
profound  peace,  when  the  least  possible  objection  can 
be  made  to  such  a  measure.  It  is  also  less  repu<rnant 
to  my  feelings  to  retire  from  half-pay,  than  from  actual 
service.  This  pay,  I  have  been  led  to  believe,  is  not 
only  considered  as  a  reward  for  past  services,  but  also 
ad  a  retaining  fee  for  future  exertions.  Being  unwilling 
to  comply  with  the  terms,  I  feel  that  I  am  not  entitleck 


ICS 


APPENDIX. 


to  the  fee  ;  and  that  I  ought  not  to  receive  it     niA  t 

bellKH..  and  idolatrous  nations.  This  ought  .0  b«  reJLr^ 

»^/    r  '*?'■"■'"«  ""'"^  '■'•"'»  Heaven,  both  to  naf'ons 
and  individuals,  not  to  engage  in  it. 

.    I  might  here,  Sire,  lay  down  my  pen.  trustinir  th«t 

.n  a  suiiation  of  considerable  difficuUy.  I  have  »«•  ed 

(at  least  according  to  the  best  of  my  judgment  on  cor 

rect  Christian  principles.     It  seems  neces^saiThowever 

upon  an  occasion  like  the  present,  that  I  shoufd  enTavor' 

to  prove  that  I  have  acted  on  these  principles.   *"""""" 

Ihe  prophecies  of  the  Old  Testament,  when  taken 

in  connexion  with  the  precepts  of  the  Gospel,  appear 

d  rnVatr "''To'tf'''''"?"'  "t"'  "'"'" ' '«' ChrSJfa" 
oispensation.     To  this  evidence  I  appeal  with  the  more 

satisfaction,  as  it  afl-ords,  at  the  same  time,  the  nIeS 
and  sure  testimony,  that  the  degrading  and  sanSr? 
scenes  of  past  and  present  times  are  not  to  endure  b« 
on  the  comrary,  that  they  will  be  succeeded  by  aL  of 
pemianent  peace  and  happiness.  '    *     °* 

I  am  not.  Sire,  so  great  a  visionary  as  to  expect  that 
the  example  of  any  individual,  much  less  of  one^o  I  tt?e 
known  ,0  the  world  as  myself,will  have  the  Ct  influence 
m^'t"'  y"  »  confidently  anticipate  that  a  time^ni 

rnTre;VnZC.'''''^h'"''"A'''''' '?''"'''''»'''•'>"' "hen  »«» 
in  great  numbers-when  tie  natians-wbea  numypeopW 


Isaiah, 


ii.  4. 


APPENDIX. 


129 


Did  I. 
usively  a 
I'  what  I 
ity,  or  as 
rs  to  roe, 
inue  my 
o  myself 
*aul,  "I 
*rince  of 
an  open 

io^  from 
to  which 
\y  be  af- 
ery  evil, 
led.  In 
liformly 
shes  re- 
regard- 
natious 

ng  that 
'■  acted, 
on  cor- 
owcver, 
ule&vor 

n  taken 
appear 
^ristian 
e  more 
leasing 
quinary 
re,  but 
ages  of 

!Ct  that 
o  httle 
9uence 
ne  will 

m  men 
Hoph^ 


will  act  on  the  same  principles  that  I  hate  done.  1  do 
not  entertain  this  belief,  merely  because  I  think  the  di- 
vine precepts  of  the  ChriHfian  religion  are  admirably 
calculated  to  produce  so  glorious  an  event,  or  because 
the  ••  signs  of  the  times"  lead  reflecting  persons  to  ex- 
pect it ;  but  chiefly  because  I  am  a  believer  in  thoso 
prophecies  of  the  Old  Testament  which  speak  of  this 
devoutly  to  be  wished  for  event  as  a  certainty.  These 
prophecies  give  evidence  concerning  this  triumph  of 
Christianity,  with  as  much  precision  and  clearness  as 
they  testify  the  truth  of  Christianity  itself.  Their  ac 
complishment,  indeed,  seems  to  form  a  necessary  con- 
necting link  in  the  i;raud  chain  of  the  prophecies  cou- 
eerning  Christianity  :  this  link  wanting,  the  fortress  of 

Chrislain  truth  is  rendered  assailable,and  is  exposed  to  the 
attacks  of  Jews  and  sceptics,  who  taunt  Christians  with 
the  remark  that  their  religion  cannot  be  true,  inasmuch 
as  THE  PRINCE  OP  PEACE  IS  uot  yet  come  into  the  world. 
As  it  was,  Sire,  the  practice  of  our  Saviour  and  his  A- 
postles  td  appeal  to  the  prophecies  of  the  Old  Testament, 
it  seems  wise  that  Christians  of  the  present  day,  in  ex- 
amining a  disputed  point,  such  as  tjjejawfulness  of  wart 
should  follow  the  example  of  theie  iafallible  guides. 

However  acute  and  excellent  the  writings  of  many 
learned  commentators  on  the  Prophecies,  and  however 
decisive  the  proofs  they  draw  from  them  of  the  truth  of 
the  Christian  revelation,  it  would  seem  certain  that  some 
^  of  the  most  important  of  these  prophecies,  generally 
*  applied  to  Christianity,  are  at  variance  with  all  history, 
whether  civil  or  ecclesiastical,  of  the  last  fourteen  or 
fifteeh  centuries.  The  following  prophecies  are  of  this 
description: — 

1.  Isaiah  ii.  2,  And  it  shall  come  to  pass^  in  the  last 
days,  thai  the  mountain  of  the  Lord's  house  shall  be  estab- 
lished on  the  top  of  the  mountain  and  shall  be  exalted  above 
the  hills,  and  all  the  nations  fow  unto  it. 

3.  And  many  j)eople  shall  go  and  say,  Come  ye  and  let 
us  go  to  the  mountain  of  the  Lord,  to  the  house  ^  the  God 
of  Jacob,  and  he  will  teach  us  of  his  ways,  and  we  will 
walk  in  his  paths ;  for  out  of  Zion  shall  go  forth  the  laj, 
and  the  word  of  the  Lord  from  Jerusalem. 

4.  And  he  will  judge  among  the  nations,  and  shall  re- 
buke many  people  :  and  they  shall  beat  their  swords  into 
plough-shares  and  their  spears  intq  pruning-hooks,    iVa* 


130 


APPENDIX. 


tion  shall  not  rie^  «<» 

knee's  rfcn.  '*"  svia//;)!//  hs  hand  on  the  cocka- 

W.  m  the  waters  cZrtJZ'^     '  '^'"^'  "f  "^ 

many  of  the  virtuon,    .hi       "'"PO"-     This  happing, 

iy  but  vainly  wifhedto "ee  reaLTd    "S  ?"«"'«•<»'«- 

phecj  describes  this  tri,.».V.i,»J5?u-    .  "®  '»™er  pro- 

plain  and  literal     Sa'.hev  iJ^'X"""'^ '"  ««"»»  «^ 

The  latter,  though  couched  in         l  "l?  ^^--derstood. 

iilso  descriptire  of  aZi»  nf      "'"t"''""'  language,  i. 

Christian  dispensattn    %n  ti''"  '"*PP'''«»'  ""de'  'he 

these   propheiies  Remain  vet  trhr/mn"!;'  P""'"'". 

tablisbing  peace  in  theVorld-    .n^^"'*"*'''  "'''=  '"  "- 

hunckdge  of  the  Lord  Mi'  /"?,  '"  'P^'Jing  «<« 

blessed  effect.  ""  "  """"^  '"  produce  this 

arfr(!ai:„f„fthe%7;s:'nrL^ 

merely  to  aratifv  «  '"tP*^®^®"^  day— are  they  recorded 

.';e»  fufortSr^c^rc^fn^-^'Sa'''''"^''^  '» 
place  at  some  future  nnH  IJ^a  /  •  "'*^"  »*'«  *«  take 

they  have  no  imerest  „r  eote'r/  %'t^'  '""'■ '"  '"'ieh 
«wered  by  St.  Paul  •  that  nrn nh  '  ^^"  I"*""'"'  "  an- 
Scripture)  is  "  writ.'J'V"l  rA^!5'J'.'''«  "bor  Parts  of 
the  ends  of  the  world  a7e"c;mT""Tr'  "P""  j"--"" 
«"ere.ore,  are  handed  do.nTTnfor™'^ th'ffithe 


>^;i!!S?w?iC*W!S?*'^*^w^«lS'^'^ 


'<^»-  shali  they 

*  a  rod  out  of 

^is  loins,  an4 

f/  the  leopard 
■  young  Hon, 
''Ulead  them, 
their  young 
'//  eat  straw 

hole  of  the 
n  the  cocka- 

holy  moun- 
kdge  of  the 

uage  so  ve- 
lame  event, 
id  throujjrh 
'iappine«s 
ihe  philaii- 
ive  ardent- 
rmer  pro- 
3  terms  so 
odersfood. 
iguage,  is 
under  the 
articulars 
iz :  in  es- 
ding  that 
duce  this 

lophecies 
recorded 
onvey  to 
\  to  take 
in  which 
on  is  an- 
parts  of 
ti  whom 
»phecies, 
it  is  the 


APPENDIX. 


191 


wiU  of  the  great  and  bencTolent  Parent  of  innnkind.  and 
consequently  the  duty  of   Christians,  to  live   together 
in  harmony  and  love,  instead  of  hating  and  destroying 
each  other  by  war.     They  *re  written  to  show  us  that  if 
wars  now  exist,  the  fault  is  not  in  Christianity,  but  in 
those  who  are  called  Christians.     They  are  written  to 
tell  us  what  effects  real  Chi  istianity  will  produce  hereaf- 
ter, and  i^onsequently  what  it  ought  to  produce  now.— 
They  are  written,  Sire,  to  admonish  Christians  to  re- 
frain from  war.     These  prophecies  are  still  more  im- 
portant, for  they  point  out  the  way  to  put  an  end  to  war  • 
viz:— by  spreading  abroad  Christianity  (or  "  the  knowl- 
edge of  the  Lord")  till  "  it  shall   cover  the   earth."— 
When  Christians  cease  from  war,  this  undertaking  will 
become  comparatively  an  easy  task.     Thus  understood 
and  applied,  these  prophecies,  instead  of  being  a  meie 
dead  letter  and  a  matter  of  useless  speculation,  become 
practically  and  individually  useful ;  they  become,  like 
other  parts  of  Scripture,  *•  profitable  for  doctrine,  for 
reproof,    for  correction,   for  instruction  in  righteous- 
ness." ® 

It  is  well,  Sire,  for  Christians  who  feel  a  deep  inter- 
est for  the   honor  of  their  religion,  that  the  history  of 
the  first  two  centuries  establishes  the  fact  that  the  profes- 
sors of  Christianity,  in  those  early  «ges,  refrained  from 
war.     It  IS  also  well   for  the  cause  of  Christianity  that 
an  apostacy  from  the  fnilh  was  predicted.     In  Scripture 
language,  faith  and  Christian  practice  are  often  synony- 
mous; and  It  IS  impossible  to  conceive  a  greater  depar- 
ture  from  Christian  practice  than  war.     Thus,  Sire 
this  departure  from  the  practice  of  the  Apostles  and 
early  Christians,  like  every  other  fact  connected  with 
the  Christian  history,  when  duly  considered,  bears  tes- 
timony  to  its  truth. 

So  long  as  nations  professing  Christianity  shall  make 
a  trade  of  war,  the  superstructure  of  Christianity  must 
and  will  be  assailable  through  these  prophecies :  but  iti 
foundations  are  imperishable.      When  Christians  shall  h 

cease  from  war,  which,  on  the  sure  word  of  prophecy,  ■ 

they  wdl  do ;  then  may  we  hope  that  Christi.nJt v  "  ».iii  ■ 

^'"''m*^?,,?"^'"  *"^  '*»*'  "^»  *»»«  kingdoms  "of  this  ~ 

world  tj»i//becoine  the  kingdoms  of  our  Lord  and  of  his 

^       ;  /^.   .    .     .'  wa"»ors  must  be  considered  as  the 
toes  of  Cnristianity. 


132 


APPENDIX. 


w'fea  rr  ^ai  r„r  ",-"•"«"-«« 

our  Lord's  sermon  on  tlie  Zmn,       .  P".''*'""'  "'O'ld,  if 
ject  of  occasional  eu"og  „""„; '„","  ''''•°'  b^inga  sub- 
the  standard  rule   of  f  e  "s  aCinf?,"","""'."''"  ""de 
I».nah  answer  the  quese.o^    1"'!  V,"\«  ?'•»?''« 
•"-ords  into  plo„,fh-shares"  and  .'Lr""'''      ''««  '"'ei. 
up  sword  against  nation;  neither  »      1.°","'°"'''  "<>«  «« 
ani^more."'  The  all-poCibl  r».r  "  u  "'^J-'earn   war 

these  glorious  effects,  fsSan'r  '^r"  "  '"  ""^"'o 
he  prophecies  of  ,he  Old  Testament  *i"''"«=«"gitwith 
"thek„o,vledgeoftl.e  Lord  »  «„?rK'-  ■  "f^  "•"»"" 
as  the  same  thing ;  and  taki„/.t.  *^''"«"«»  knowledge, 
on  the  mount  as  f  summlrv  of  .  f  ™?  •"■  ''"'•  ^^rd 
consider  i,  as  the  nobhinZ«l^^:\u"°^^'M  "«  ™«y 
duce  these  ghrious  effects.  '  """"  ^"""y  'OP™- 

and  tL"'rohXrj/t'i7'ot'T"*''r  ""P-ecie, 
practically  embraced,  affords  a  slm!*"""'" '  P'**«P"'  if 
that  both  the  prophecie"anH  ?»..    ^^P'^'"""P«i'eK'-oof, 
ongin.     I  ha/e.  Z,™    ,  Z^^tZ'TT  "^  "'"»« 
can  be  fulfilled  so  lon-^Mrhn-^-,'?  '°™""'  n«»er 
It  will  be  equall  "easTto  s^ow  tZ'f^"*"8''S*'°  "«'• 
Gospel  can  never  be  comoIieT™  ^^l"'*  P'^'^P''  «'  the 
dividnalsengaging  in   war      T»      'J""i'°"»  ''">y  in- 
preceptsand%„mSands  as  Ihe  f^InL"''*'''*"'"'  """ch 
impossibility.  *  foMowing,  seems  to  be  an 

^"fe  peace  one  wHA  another       n..\.i-      ,  .. 

Be  at  peace  among  yourselves     A>^  *t.^*  ,  I 

evil  for  evil  to  any  man.     GodLthVnn  f      T'*"  '''''^'^         I 

Follow  after  love,  Zient  Jf^  f^"^^'  ^'P'""''  I 

My  aside  all  malice     PutV^    ^     ^'  ' 

Let  all  6,««r«.,c    J!!!J':-__V''^««^"«^  ^rath,  malice. 

0nde.U speaking; t^pj^:;  S^^Tf^i^f /T"**' 
.Avenge  net  yoursles.    ij^l^  ^^^^ 


-Sffltl^  ««»««■•!#« 


APPENDIX. 


133 


him;  if  he  thirst, give  him  drink.     Recompense  to  no  man 
evil  for  evil     Overcome  evil  with  good. 

What  a  strange  anomaly,  Sire,  would  bo  exhibited, 
were  these  truly  noble  and  characteristic  precepts  of 
tliti  Christian  religion  placed  at  the  head  of  every  naval 
or  military  officer's  commission,  and  at   the  head   of 
every  warlike  order  issued  from  the  Admiralty  or  War 
omce,  or  at  the  head  of  every  regimenral  orderly-book  ! 
No  incongruity  could  appear  greater  than  such  a  mix- 
ure  ot  war  and  Gospel-no  impossibility  more  evident 
than  the  impossibdity  of  obedience  in  both  ca«e.— no 
truth  more  clear  than  that  war  and  Christianity  are  ut- 
terly  irreconcilable.     When  the  Christian    and  military 
duties  are  thus  contrasted,  the  discrepance  is  so  glarin/, 
thatu  has  rather  the  appearance  of  burlesque  than   of 
sober  truth.     But  surely  this  striking  contrariety  affords 
Jio  mean  argument  that  the  duties  of  a  Christian  and  a 
indlvlduar  ""'"'  ^'  ^'''^^""^  discharged  by  the  same 
A  due  consideration  of  these  truly  Christian  nre.'Pnf- 
will  show  us  the  fallacy  of  one  of  tL  i„?st  pop,  hu  a  ! 
pments  in  fovor  of  war,  viz :  that  as  the  Jewrthe  h  X 
y  favored   people  of  God,  were  comm.adid   by   God 

C  r,st.ans  to  do  the  same.     But  our  Saviour  has  left     s 
followers  without  excuse;    for  ho  tells  them   they  a i 
not  to  be  guided  by  the  customs  of  the  ji  J  ?^«  Ye 
have  heard,"  says  he,  "that  it  hath  been  said    an  eve 
for  an  eye,  and  a  tooth  for  a  tooth:  but  I  say    unto  /jL 
thdtye  resist  not  evil;  but  whosoever  shall   sn.ke   [hte 
on  ihy  right  cheek,  turn  to  him  the  other  also.''l-  v! 
have  heard  that  it  hath  been  said,  thou  shalt  love    thv 
neighbor,  and  hate  thine  enemy:    but  I  say  unto  vl« 
ove  them  that  hate  you,  and  pray  for  them^which  de  1 
pitefullyuseyou  and  persecute  you."     The  practice  of 
the  .ews,  therefore,  Sire,  can  be  no  excuse  IbTchris 
tians  to  engage  in  war.  ^'*"^* 

Another  popular  argument  in  favor  of  war,  is  that 
the  moral  precepts  of  the  Gospel,  though  lmne;ati.I^l' 
^ujviuua.s,  may,  i„  cases  of  necessity,  be 'dispensed 
with  l.y  sovereigns,  or  nations.  On  this  subject  an  acnt« 
reasoner  th.s  expresses  himself:  "  In  tl  o Transactions 
of  private  persons,  no  advantage  that  results  fro^'h. 


134 


APPENDIX. 


I 


morals  ,ho„|,|  have  Kooeeded  ^f'^^T'^  '»  Christian 
ley-    My  reirret  h,.L. ,  ""'"  "'e  pen  of  Dr  P. 

not  »o  loarned  Christ  "     Thl     ""  "°'J'  ^"i»»ce  "  ha?e 

every  „««-  ^o^enw^^^foTaif  ;/,"f !'"'  "'««"«»  ^W 
the   precepts  of  justice f  Christ tj}"'-'^"'^  "»'"»«%'. 

«"««  <«».  «„  m«udUa7Z^t,^9'«  private  cJcems, 
ces,  and  guide  all  their  stof  „?f  ■       *f  "*""''  "f  P"" 

tl.e»e  principles,  wars  amon  "  t "  H/""'  ^'""'  «""  "» 
knowledge  of  the  Lobd  3.  I"  "'", "«»'«'  and  "  the 
''aters  cover  the  sea."  """""  "'«  ea"h   as  the 

«!•«'  I  shall  n^otf  n  co„X  n^lhe'™  ".'"'^'  ^  '™»''  «" t 
«;»»,  or  of  improperly  fndn^f '!'*"'•  ''^  «<=«''^«d  of  egr; 

mffmtoorremafning  in  the  mlTf*/'^  *^''':"''«"»  «"'«- 
no,  exactly  recollect!    To  lll^/'  P'ofesson,  I  can- 
»a/  that  I  never  thouaht  s^L„  ,""'•  *  "V-  ^  believe, 
w-thin  the  last  four  year,      wT   ''  °°  '''«  '"bject  till 
of  disapprobation  eSedlt""?'  '  '""'«'  '■«<'«"g» 
to  regard  them  as  BiXp  jl^sCdiT  '""'  ^  ""'  '«<• 
puritanical  cant ;  so  full/ "a°T*{,?'^' /\a  species  of 
consequently  „,  profeTsiZ    L     """'J?  """  ''ar,  and 
"-•h  the  precepts  rchr  sTunT.r  "*[? ""'  «<"'«">ant 
have  mentioned,  owini  to  rir     ^'      ^'"'"'  ""«  'ime  I 
n-t  state,  I  began  to  enterJ     ?""!' *""*'  "h'^h  1  need 
These  doubts  lJ:j,T"2:.t!'JlT  this  subject.- 

fJ^^^Ir^SvtSSS^'^'^^- 

•'•  '^"  '-^^"-'^^-'-''.shVuL^rr  tf-  .r,? 


npensate  to 

the  concerns 

deeply  re- 

0  Christiaa 
of  Dr.  Pa- 

k  no  w]eUj»e 
mce  "  Jjavo 
>lemnlj  de- 
istration  of 
Nations  with 
''  gmde  the 
)  ''namely^ 
^nd  peace, 
5  concerns, 
Is  of  prin- 
means   of  , 
r  their  im- 
jH  act  on 
and  ♦•the 
h   as  the 
.*- 

ject-mat- 
ist,  Sire, 

1  of  ego- 
s  or  van- 
ling  1117- 

J  in  my  \ 
IS  enter- 
|»  I  can- 
beJieve, 
iect  till 
feeJings 
»^as  led 
fcies  of 
ir,  and 
sonant 
time  I 
I  need 

ect 

rly  in 
tigate 
;  and 
3  that 


APPKNDiX. 


135 


jny  profesfi.nn  was  .rreconcUahle   with  the  precepts  .)f 
Chnst  I  dtterm.ned  to  resign  my  naval  rank  «nd  half- 

H'thi  r?     f  ^^''''^^  high  value  upon   the  former, 
and  the  latter  forms  a  large  portion  of  a  very  limited 

mvT.T;,oZ'      ""  '»^«-»>^-^'J-tingmyself!«n";rot 
myself  alone  to  a  very  don«,(i.rable  change  in  my  mode 

comS^n?  ''  ^»^'«/"^vanced  period  of  life,  when  it» 
comforts  and  convennnces  are  most  wantei. 

I  o  take  a  step  so  highly  important  to  me  in   many 
points  of  vieiv,  but  particularly  in  a  religion,  one,  "pou 
h«  first  impression  of  my  mind,  would  have  been  K 

i^ient'IvT''  '7.'^'"   '^''  ""'''  '"^'^-'^^^   perl's    ?e. 

me  Ifr^r  ''°'"''  ^^^*«^«'  different  periods  of 
time.  |rom  the  very  novel  nature  of  the  act  I  contem- 
plated,!  tli,,ught  it  possible  that  this  might  happJi'To 
myselt;  and  that  in  my  ardor  to  do  what^  deeE  an 
act  of  religious  duty,  I  might  hastily  take  a  step  of 
which  I  might  hereafter  see  just  cause  to    repenM 

w  H.!  ,  l.^i'T'^''  *^"*"^'  ''^^"g  ««  '""ch  at  variance 
with  established  custom,  might  le  attributed  to  vat  ty! 
or  an  affectation  of  singularity- motives  by  which    a« 
far  as  I  know  myself,  I  have  never  been  grea  Iv  influ 
enced       Added   to  these  considerations,  Till t^  much 
difficulty  as  to  the  manner  in   which  I  sh  Jd  w  thZw 
myself  from  my  profession.     It  appeared  to  me    thr  noh 
.tmay  savour  of  vanity  thus  tolxX     Z^^^^^^^^ 
the  measure  1  contemplated  was  one  of  ve^v  ffrea      m 
portance   both   in   a  political   and  religbu's  'pTnt  *"f 

Under  these  perplexing  circumstances,   I  came   to 
"uld  ti'nrh'^T  "^  »^^^^-P-y  ^»>-e  ;ears  Zger, 
tir^«  fn  ^-        ^^  '*?  ^'*"^'  'P^''^^'  ««d  to  dedicate  tha 
ime  to  serious  inquiry  on  a  subject  constantly  pressing 

Z:7eTLfV'''  '^'"^  I  considered  fsfiLeTyt^ 
cure  me  of  any  false  notions  that  either  ignorance  fa- 
naticism, or  van  ty  mirrht  ffenemfP  I»  LoS  «•  i 
ed  the  nivi„«  T^LJ.r!?^"^'''^^'  It  has  Sire,  pleas- 
vears-  nnJ 'fT.«"'ir"".'  "'  ""^^^^^  to  grant  me  these 
ab?v  Aftl  J  ^^'^^^•''"''"^'  *^««"  P««««d  unprofit- 
tu/L   ^^^^'^''''•^"^'^"•'•y  and  consideration  on  one  of 

mine ,  as  far  as  my  abilities  and  opportunities  have  en- 
abled me,  and  after  frequent  and  ei/nest  prayer  to  that 


136 


APPENDIX. 


m 


clear  a  point.  I  do  not  howererTeX  v  >  f  '"  ""^ 
has  effectually  convinced  ml  .h=,  J^f  '""'"'V- »'  i' 
from  p,,re  motiver  bur..l?„    "'»"  have  acted  imi  „„|y 

1  feel  The  folic  t'c^'nfidntr"  TTh  P""<='"'"''  »"^ 
the  step  .hat  conscience  hLlcfated  1^  J?*" '  "^ 
also  enabled  me  to  cortei-ith^  e,  ■  ^'"^  •'•^'"r  ''as 
taine.I  tilj  within  the  "aMwIl.      "*  V"'  '  ''«''«  «"'"- 

changed  my  opinions  •■ "'  '  ^ave  indeed 

able  and  wicked,  yefthafwa''rT"r  Tf  '''^"''^  ""J"^"fi- 
For  individuals  o/nationlt.  ?    '•"fence  were  not  so. 
•idered  as  not  i^erefv  lawfiH  .  T^"  ,'"   "'*'«•  '  c«n- 
•nU  meritorious      Zi-tTe"  r"'  "'   '".^'''^  ''°™^''''''' 
•corn  and  contemnt  iZZlI,       I  *"^'J*""  "y^eif  to 

ing  my  convict.:„f  ^hirTarf e^o^r^filrrd '  V'"^'"^- 

pel.  It  is  ab  olut^ery  ir  econoit ,""  T^  "^  "'«  «"»- 
tie  precepts  of  Christ  B.^^r'n""""  "'«  c"'«i-acteris- 
cies'whici;  I  live  a  eX  qioted"  tT  "'"'  ""  •"»"''''- 
prophecies  teach  us  th«?{orey  the  wir^f  TT?"-'  "'«' 
whole  business  of  morali.v  "    i  I  °^  **"''  '«  "  'he 

•ion;  but  regardinrwar  ^f  »  T^ }""  ""'^"-  ''  ^elu- 
with  tj,is  obedience  I  Zst  L?^  '"•"''  ''  incompatible 
ted  Ifce  excuses  and  apobie'"':;  P""' /'  ^Phis.iea- 
onsmeninfavorof  deC™L/  ""''  ""•*  '"?'"'»• 
the  Gospel  and  the  prophedes      ' '"'  "'  '^'  """="'"  ""■h 

.«re:t'm:r„7"a:fid'i*^^,''r'f  """^'  ^^  ""  -  «he 
dom.     This  is  mJrfasinion  'r.T"^"^*™*  ^^- 

isi-«vc  auinoniSil  us    ihat    it'    r^^  •         ~   "'-^    ""'^   rAjJU- 


's  of  men, 
hristiaiiiiy, 
ison   to  re- 
lay blame 
>nga  time 
IS  so  very 
'Jay,  as   it 
J  Hot  only 
pies;  ariff 
repent  of 
delay  has 
He  etiter- 
ling  what 
^e  indeed 

jdrawing" 
ised  with 
t  though 
"nju&tifi- 

iiot  so. 

I  con- 
Jnorable 
yself  to 

declar- 
ffen.sive 
linly  lu- 
ll e  Gos- 
acteris- 
Jiophe- 
)ts  and 
s"the 
a  deJu- 
patib]e 
listica- 
igeiiu- 
t  both 

IS  the 
}  wis- 
cxpc- 
'  ay  of 
ill  do 
more 
De- 


APPENDIX.  187 

fensive  armanaents  may  secure  temporary  safety,  but  thev 
are  calculaterl  to  create  jealousy  and  provoke^hos U  it/ 
.  and  to  verify  the  remark  of  him  who  "spake  as  nevt; 
man  spake;'  v.z:  that  "they  that  take  the  sw<?rd  shall 
pensh  w.th  the  sword."  We  are  told  on  the  sure  test 
mony  of  prophecy  that  wars  will  cease;  but  we  hate 
«ot  the  slightest  intimation  that  this  will  be  effected  bv 
defensive  armaments:  on  the  contrary,  we  have  abun^ 
dant  reason  to  believe  that  the  spread  of  ChrTstianUy 

ijl^Z^^V^''"-  "^  ''^  ^^'^'")  -"'  P'<^-  tE 

atotp  nf  ri  ^"?  "^'««i!^»"g  mrlt  seems  to  be  the  key. 
stone  of  Christianity :  it  appears  to  be  regarded  by  our 
Saviour  as  a  kind  of  celestial  panoply,  not  merely  se- 
curing to  Its  possessor  the  approbation  of  Go^,  buf  a  so 
protecting  h,m  from  wrong  and  insult.  The  Lame  re- 
mark may  be  applied  to  families,  and  also   to  natioLl 

It'trSf  l^^f  •  *'^rJ?"*'''  '^  '«  *^"^'  '^^^'^^  to  be  ful. 
thi  •'•.  k"'  T'  '^''''^^'  **'«  «"'^  instance  in  which 
this  spmt  has  been  put  in  practice  upon  an  exirded 
scale,  It  succeeded.  It  will  succeed  with  Chri^trn  na 
tions,  unless  Christianity  and  civilization  render  niea 
more  ungovernable  and  unprincipled  than  the  untuto  ed 
Indians  with  whom  William  Pein  had  to  deal:     hese 

Tnd  tnT'^rL'-^^'""  '"^  ^"^^"^'^  ^y  ^his  defensive 
and  truly  Christian  armour;  and,  when  its  use  shall 
be  better  understood,  Christian  nations  w  II  cease  1 
learn  war;  and  there  will  be  "nothing  to rurtTde,' 

Some,  Sire,  may  cavil  with  my  having,  on  the  pres- 
ent occasion    appealed  so  confidently  %  orophecy  I 
It  has,  indeed,  been  too  much  the  custom   with  several 
commentators,  even  with    men  of   considerable  7mi 
licnce  as  writers  and  scholars,  to  identify  he  awful  a^d 
wonderful   events  that  have   been   passing  inTur  own 
day  ,  with  some  of  the  prophecies  of  the  Old  and  Cw 
Testaments,  which  admit  of  a  variety  of  interpi^tatir 
Ftry^l'''^''-.  which  I  have  appeLd  are  o'f  a  verv 
u.xx.,c«.  uescnpiiou,  and  can  hardly  be  misapolied  or 
misunderstood.     These  prophecies  place  o^hSy  reu' 
gion  m  the  most  dignified  and  delightful  point  ofVew 
as  the  path  to  universal  peace  and  philanihropy.     The 
Author  pf  our  divine  rehgion  is  also  by  these  prophecies 

12 


138 


APPENDIX. 


placed  in  t he  most  lovely  and  captivating  point  of  view 
a  peculiarly  entitled    to  „„r  veneration?  ou    gratilLd? 
our  obed.cce,  and  our  love.     This  application  of  Drool!' 
eey  adds  strength  to  the  Christian  eviXncetand  r  JeU 

r  r/ii^iTs;:''"'  ="«'-"-''  "^  -^tics'agS 

We    have   i  dL        *T"**"'^  "'"  ""■•  Predecessors. 

ponXt;i ;  r  ^rc^l:;;afs:tl^!rr^s 

tion.  whetj  we  call  to  mind  the  torrents  of  human  iCd 

the  words  of  St.  James,  those  lusts   from  wlf^tl^  wa« 
t7'"r;hich '^r*""  "'  «"""«"»gthe  he"  «"  „f  antTq"! 

'fti^rptarru^^rstio^^tS';:.^^^^ 

rL-vtitftt^er^^ 

'"'y'"^«=-''hen  men  shall  prefer  the  approbat  on  of 
God,  to  the  admiration   of  their  fellow  m.^.  * 

«ord,  when  they  become  Chri«  ans  IThTn" 'wm'thelJ 
beat  thetr  swords  into  plough-shares  :"a„d  ^'„a.t^ 
will  not  nse  up  against  nation,  neither  wiM.hey  learn 
war  any  more."     This,  Sire,  is  the  language  of  pronhe 
cy ;  and  m  the  application  of  it,  ami  of  the  precents  of 

1    think   it    incnmhpnf  ««    ^^     c»:__    i    « 

elude  this  letter,  toailire'youTMaTeTt'vS^iri'  T 
in?  from  voiir  lVa««i  «  .  ""*,  ^'^^J^si}?  that,  m  refir- 
^  ^''"'^  ^^^«^  ^^^'•^^ce,    f  am  solely  actuated  by 


*Ifiaiah  ix.  2. 


tZachariah  xiv.  6,  7. 


APPENDIX. 


130 


It  of  view, 

gratitude, 

of  propli. 

ind  repels 

C3  against 

5,*  wliicb 
r  and  de- 
iroachiijg 
perly    in- 
)  present 
iithfr  day 
hristiani- 
?d  to  re- 
in d  coin- 
timt   are 
ecessors. 
>r    many 
r  exulta- 
an  blood 
opposi- 

:;liristian 
— or,  ill 
ice  wars 
antiqiii- 

propels 
ttern : — 
rable  to 

it  with 
It  ion  of 
or,  in  a 
'ill  they 
*  nation 
f  learn 
prophe- 
epts  of 
of  truth 

I  con- 
I  retir- 
ited  by 

i,7. 


those  motives  which  I  have  set  forth ;  and  that  I  have 
not  been  led  to  take  this  step  by  any  men  or  body  of 
men.  To  one  friend  only  has  my  intention  been  known 
from  the  first;  and  1  hnve  the  happinsss  to  know  that 
this  friend,  (who  will  be  a  fellow-sufferer  fr<im  the  act,) 
most  cordially  approves  what  I  have  done.  Nor,  Sire, 
have  I,  till  very  near  the  lime  of  sending  these  pages 
to  the  press,  read  any  of  the  valuable  publications  of 
Peace  Societies  in  this  and  other  countries.  The  re- 
cent perusal  of  some  of  their  works  has  afforded  me 
the  most  heart  felt  satisfaction,  together  with  the  pleas- 
ure of  knowing  that  though  these  pages  may  excite 
feelings  of  pity  and  contempt  in  many,  yet  that  they 
are  in  accordance  with  the  opinions  of  numbers  of 
pious  Christians  of  distinguished  rank  and  literary  at- 
tainments in  diff«?rent  parts  of  the  world.  Believing, 
Sire,  that  the  publications  of  the  Peace  Societies  have 
not  only  a  tendency  to  annihilate  war,  but  also  to  pro- 
mote religion,  and  with  it  obedience  to  sovereigns,  I 
sincerely  wish  they  may  be  more  extensively  read  than 
they  have  hitherto  been. 

May  it.  Sire,  please  the  Supreme  Disposer  of  events 
to  grant  that  Your  Majesty's  reign  may  be  prolonged, 
and  that  it  may  continue  to  be  peaceable,  prosperous, 
and  happy;  and  may  it  accord  with  the  wisdoii^  and 
benevolence  of  His  divine  government  of  the  world, 
shortly  to  put  an  end  to  all  war  and  bloodshed,  and  in- 
cline the  hearts  of  men  to  deeds  of  mercy  and  philan- 
thropy :  and  may  Your  Majesty,  and  the  highly-favor- 
ed nation  you  govern,  be  made  the  glorious  instruments 
of  spreading  through  the  world  pure  and  unadulterated 
Christianity,  or  that  ''knowledge  of  tite  Lord''  which 
can  alone  produce  and  secure  the  peace  and  civilization 
of  the  world. 

Thus  highly  honored,  Britain  may  indulge  in  the 
hope  that  not  only  her  existence  as  a  nation,  but  also 
her  tranquility  will  endure  ;  and  that  she  will  not  be 
consigned,  by  the  great  Ruler  of  the  universe,  to  the 
lot  uniformly  recorded  in  history  of  other  great  and 
warlike  nations,  who,  having  been  raised  by  the  sword^ 
have  also  perished  by  the  sword. 

Though,  Sire,  I  have,  for  the  reasons  I  have  stated, 
withdrawn  myself  from  Your  Majesty's  Naval  Service, 
it  will  ever  be  my  most  earnest  wish,  as  it  will  also  be 


140 


APPENDIX. 


jny  constant  endeavour,  as  a  Chri  r 

^^  Hppruve  myself,  wi  h  „„r       '^^**"  «"^  «»  «  subject 

■pect,  -^     ''  ^'"h  unfeigned  deference  and  re-' 

Your  Majestjr's  most  faithful 
Most  dutiful,  and  devol;,  Servant 
^t^tion^  near  Thirsh,  THOJVUS  THRUSH. 

^^th,  Jan,  1825. 


Sin, 


/»«K„T/S;«  "POTEST. 


nomihated  pirates.  u\pZ^"ln:'^  ^°«S'<>^o  hJZ 
been  ordered  out  with  a  view  ^V  «".«™'*d  force  has 
and  enterprising  peonle  T.  i  k"'*™'""""?  'Ws  brare 
«"e  of  ,heir  cl.i!|,  T  ake fh.  .  r"  "■"  '""'"^  <>f  bcTng 
«ga.„»t  the  n,ea,„r;,  yoo  hive  it'?."'  '<"»<"'«ra«„| 
my  claims  t„  ,be  respect  whl.*!,^^*:''  ""dof  asgerting 
I  was  bor """  '"  ''"'•  '«='"'owledged  to  Sf 

exalted'ide"a7o7mi5?,arv*'w„''"''  ^^  ""-'^  imbued  with 

censcs  for  maritime  depred«io„^  i"'"'  .""^  Slanted  li- 
of  a  privateer,  and  walreTulTj  r""^  ••"  "on-mand 
sea-robber;-.     This  basi^ssT'^r.'^.  ''^T''  ">  P'««ice 

1  captured  several  mercCtvLT  1 ''""''«  *'"  "'"•• 
ai^d  succesefu  ,  and  was  hilu        T"^"*  esteemed  bravo 
otism.     My  share  of  "fi^^'''^  applauded  for  my  nlfr? 
tl...u™ndsof  dXrs'  ^buf'  l"r*^  '""°'"'"«'  "o  Ce 
squandered  it  a^^a"  'in    '  "  tf  *  "<"»«  "g'"  go"_I  «,o^ 
cepling  a  portion,  wWch  I  J.     .^j°"''  d«9/08tion-ej. 
to  compensate  fo;  tClvers'l'd  rjI'^'^'P^Po^s. 
some  clergymen  hr.d  oSfor  "v  ••"""''^S'"'"''?'  which 
r±'.r^J  "-^.license  for' robZrr^!!^;..  f— as 
Til    ^"  .     ''^''*  "lasted,     nja-  i  „„:,■'.  """""eo.  and  my 
allreh«h  for  labor.     To  be Vj  ^" '' ""J! '  '^^  I  had  lost 
gentleman  of  honor.     But  robbLT?  «!''"'"*''•  •>«".«  a 
"'""  -«ed  out  Of  U^^oXr^^'r  ^-eS 


APPENDIX. 


141 


pence,  and  yet  under  the  necessity  of  makinjr  some  ex- 
ertion, tlie  foli  )wing  dialogue  occurred  between  Inclina- 
tion and  Conscience: — 

Inclination.  I  «ni  now  in  want :  but  I  am  expert  and 
brave  in  the  business  of  piracy,  which  I  have  pursued 
for  a  number  of  years  by  a  license  from  the  American 
government.  As  the  war  ended,  my  license  expirc^d  ; 
but  my  thirst  for  rapine  still  remtiins.  Now,  why  is  it 
more  unjust  to  rob,  or  even  murder,  innocent  people, 
in  time  of  peace,  than  in  time  of  war? 

Conscience.  I  hardly  know  how  to  answer  your  ques- 
tion. Such  robbery  and  murder  seem  to  be  a  cruel  bu- 
siness at  any  time,  though  governments  pretend  that  it  is 
just  and  necessary.  I  do  not  see  how  a  state  of  war  can 
render  It  just,  any  more  than  a  state  of  peace. 

Inclination.  I  have  another  question  :  if  such  robbe- 
ry and  murder  are  in  their  own  nature  unjust  or  wicked, 
can  a  license  from  rulers  make  them  just'and  laudable  ? 
Conscience.  Certainly  it  cannot. 
Inclination.  Then  it  is  as  rioht  for  me  to  follow  the 
business  of  piracy  now,  as  it  was  during  the  time  that 
my  license  was  allowed  to  be  good.  But  admitting  it  to 
be  true,  that  it  is  a  slate  of  war  which  makes  robbery 
and  murder  just  and  commendable,~what  then  ?  War 
IS  war  by  whomsoever  it  maj  be  waged,  and  why  cannot 
1  make  war  as  well  as  an  Emperor,  a  King,  or  even  a 
t/ongress  1 

Conscience.  J  know  you  can  easily  make  war-^  but 
whether  it  will  be  just  in  you  to  do  so,  is  a  serious  qHes- 
tion.  ^ 

^^  Inclination.  If  I  make  war,  I  can  at  least  call  it 
just  and  necessary,"  and  this  is  the  way  that  govern- 
ments make  just  and  necessary  wars.  But  whether  a 
war  he  really  just  or  unjust,  when  it  is  once  made,  rob- 
bery and  murder,  you  know,  become  deeds  of  alorv 
according  to  the  laws  of  war,  which  are  acknowledged 
by  christian  nations.  ^ 

To  these  last  observations.  Conscience  found  nothinff 
to  object,  though  her  countenance  indicated  regret.  Sh« 
saw  that  Inclination  had  the  examples  of  rulers  and  the 
laws  of  war  clearly  on  his  side.  Nor  could  she  pretend 
that  wars  are  generally  made  by  better  men  than  myself. 
1  therefore  procured  a  company  of  as  brave  felloivs  as 
ever  wielded  a  sword,  presented  a  musket,  or  managed 


149 


-APPENDIX. 


« cannon.     I  npxf  niwn-      j 

«™ed  her  for  Z^J^^X  "  T!  "-"""T  -"«I.  „„d 
'vluol,  ,vn,  „,  j„„  „„,r^;74-     '  then  »«A  „„,_„       « 

K.njf,  „r  Emperor, ;  ami  :,  ..-^  J"  "'«  ""^  m«d..  I.y 
manner  as  honorable  ami  „    !  '"'"  <=<"'<''«'ied  in  a 

«••.'  never,  eZ^UaTJ^t'Tf  tV"''"'  "  f""-  b  <  .1 
necessity  a,  i,  ,,!^^      «"»^»'>fneces,,^^^     me„„  ^.../h' 

'v.th  truti,,  that  I  Imve^on.  I  "■■•  ^"'l  ^  niay  affi,™ 
annually,  ,(,„«  mXe2  .T  "'•'r  l."'">' '^''"'^  "  .^ 
three  preceding  yearj"*  '^P'""*'  "-an  I  did  i„  „,« 

report  favorable^t^Ti^'e'  X:",';  f-f'S"  «?'«""»«  '""^  a 
the  Committee  .„pposV7';°'f''c  petitioners;  but  that 
by  negotiation  with  othl  i  ''"""*''  '"■""  be  effe,-  e] 
mended  the  subject  tothrSe?'."""  '5"«'""'«  ~ 
which  I  have  heird  very  «t.l!  IT l"'^  "^  ^••'•■-  Since 
An  I  understood  theaffafr    i.         """^  '"  'he  busings 

'  it  is  not  so  bad  a7hi„?^VrTe'"^  """"*"'"''  '  «« 
abolmon  of  it  on  their  V„  ZnTi'"  "",_ ""<?»alified 
tioiis  of  death  and  exterm.S.  ?"  '  "'''^  ^"'^  denuncia- 
veterans  under  my  comri'id""""  "«"'"''  "«''  """l  «"« 

P.e.  w^tV:Vtetil«he^rc/..'f«Pe"^^^    peo- 
never  practice  pir„„y,  exoe,.      'L     "'^  Magistrate.     I 

•nd.nw«ry««;dmiuhaTthen™.,  ""S*^*''  *"  »ar; 
will  however  own  to  you  h„t  1^^  ?*•"  J-^ifiable.  I 
occasioned  me  seriouJl^-torifl^t^J;*'''""'  '"  ^""S'es, 
I  came  to  a  resolution  to  fo  W  .h-  *  P?""""!  and 
mer.can  rulers.     As  they  led  me      f"'?P'*  "^  "'«  A- 

had  some  hope  that  the7wo„1d  1'"  h  "'■!  P™""""'  ^ 
lead  me  niif  ,.p  ;♦      itr   v  wouia  also  by  thfiir  *»v„ i_ 

eral  natio..- rVJ;  mo^^ ^  Th^^'tr "^'""  '^ '™™ -- 
imothepracticeof  robbervI.!^i'  ''''«. '"^'elf.  were  led 
— -er.    But  ^-ch'-tC^lJnr^^-^^tSV 


APPENDIX. 


143 


^^'ssel,  and 

ca/'—a  War 

Jf^'Pd   in  a 
'ic  wars  in 

"Ron   such 

eJlow  men 
did  in  the 

hfien  pre- 
ni'ght  be 

e  of  war ; 

IS  made  a 

;  but  that 
effecrted 

e  recom- 

•     Since 

business. 

it  Would 

>iish,  on 

'  lime  of 

me. 

8  really 

tated  to 

?    But 

ualified 

nuncia- 

nd  the 

Jt  peo- 
ate.     f 

war; 
bJe.     I 

ngress 
;  and 
he  A- 
ice,  I 

n  sev- 
e  Jed 
apec- 
link  I 


could  persuade  tliem  to  abandon  robbery,  if  I  could 
have  the  example  of  the  American  government  in  my 
favor.     As  soon  as  I  shall  see  an   act   u(  Congress  for 

the  abolition  of  maritime  depredation^;  in  time  of  war 

evincing  as  real  a  disposition  to  reform  themselves  as  Id 
punish  others,  I  will  follow  their  example,  and  employ 
all  my  influence  to  reform  my  subjects.  Tiiey  have  in- 
deed an  ardent  love  of  military  jrlory ;  and,  like  other 
christians,  they  esteem  it  as  "  the  greatest  of  all  glo- 
ries;"  but  I  think  ihey  might  be  reclaimed,  could  they 
but  have  a  noble  example  from  the  American  government. 
Till  such  an  example  be  given,  should  any  of  them  fall 
into  your  hands,  let  them  be  treated  with  that  humanity 
which  is  due  to  brave  and  unfortunate  prisoners  of  war. 
— —  VINCENT  II.* 

Supposed  to  be  the  successor  of  the  renowned  Vin- 
cent Cambi. 


TEN  MATHEMATICAL  QUESTIONS. 

1.  If  killing  a  neighbor  to  revenge  a  wrong,  to  settle 
a  controversy,  or  to  acquire  wealth,  be  murder,  when 
done  by  a  poor  man— how  much  property  must  a  man 
possess  to  render  such  conduct  innocent? 

2.  If  wantonly  or  maliciously  taking  the  life  of  a 
brother,  be  an  infamous  crime  in  a  private  citizen— how 
high  m  office  must  a  man  be  exalted  to  render  such  an 
act  deserving  of  praise  t 

3.  If  the  combination  of  three  ruffians  for  the  prac- 
tice  o;  robbery  and  murder,  be  a  crime  de8prvin<r  the 
halter— how  many  Christians  must  combine  in  su°ch  a 
practice  to  render  it  glorious  7 

4.  If  one  cypher  be  nought— how  many  cyphers  must 
be  added  to  make  a  unit  ? 

5.  If  a  family  of  ten  persons  have  no  right  to  wage 
war  on  another  family— how  many  families  must  com- 
bine to  acquire  the  right  of  making  \Var  ? 

6.  If  in  elective  governments  the  authority  of  a  ruler 

IS  nerived  from  hia  nonc*:i'..A»#»     „.„j  :r  ^i.^ 

a«  lud.vkduals,  have  no  right  to  kill  the  people  of  another 
government— what  must  be  the  amount  of  population 
which  can  invest  a  ruler  with  a  right  to  make  war  on 
the  people  of  a  neighboring  nation  1 


144 


( 


: 


APPENDIX. 


hi ';./igi;!:r  ::i„°i^,5;*',;7:'- -7, '^'"-.i^n  ,„  love 

the  elevation  of  a  r!lcr  wh  ,  f  """•«'-*l'at  must  bo 
mand  God',  children  o.T.t'^'r'''''?  ''«'"  to  com- 
•heir  brethren  of  „„"  .t;";o"Z'7' '" '""'  ""''  '"''"'y 

hu.ob^;/ttbr;r;::'':ih:":;:r'  o^t  "-t-"- 

Ple««nK  in  the  Jgh"  of" God"       '""''  '"^°'''''""   ""»«» 

pir^;.!'bfdt::i„"^  oVrti'itr^-f  p-?'-obber,o, 

causing, he  death  of  five  ^^^l.^""  .'^*">'K'>.  for 
height  of  a  gallon,  for  the,. S  ";•'""  "'""''''  ^^  'he 
has  caused  the  death  otlmm  men  J*''""'  ""''""•  "'''• 


INVOCATION  TO  THE  PKINCE  OF  PEACE 

Ga^AT  Prince  of  peace !  enthron'd  above 

N,m  fill  rr"*  "mP"™  compassion  !  ' 

nJ    "'f  """■'''  "'"'h  peace  and  love  • 
Diffuse  thy  great  salvation.  ' 

No  more  let  cannon,  swords,  and  spears 
F IJ  earth  with  dire  confus  on,      '^       ' 

Destrucon,  horror,  ^rief,  and 'tears. 
The  fruits  of  mad  delusion. 

True  love  to  God,  and  love  to  man, 

J  ulfil  the  glorious  gospel  plan, 
insure  divine  protection. 

Great  Prince  of  peace !  descend  and  rei^n 
Redeeming  every  nation ;  "'«"' 

Attolish  crime.  An.l  .,..:i.    .... 
'I'k-,     I      '  '.".'"  ?•'*"'»  onu  pain. 
I  hroughout  this  va.t  creation.  k. 

FINIS. 


ian  to  Jove 
itniGa,  mid 
n«  must  be 
lie  authur- 

that  God 
must  be 
to  com- 

id  destroy 

»nd  maii- 
e  Purity, 
JSt  he.  the 
9   crimes 

)bbers  op 

ligh,  for 

be    the 

on,  wh« 


ICE. 


K. 


